US3688155A - Reigniting spark gap device including a flow-through channel - Google Patents

Reigniting spark gap device including a flow-through channel Download PDF

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Publication number
US3688155A
US3688155A US154049A US3688155DA US3688155A US 3688155 A US3688155 A US 3688155A US 154049 A US154049 A US 154049A US 3688155D A US3688155D A US 3688155DA US 3688155 A US3688155 A US 3688155A
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United States
Prior art keywords
spark gap
running
channel
electrodes
return path
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Expired - Lifetime
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US154049A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bengt Johansson
Erland Nilsson
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ABB Norden Holding AB
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ASEA AB
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/02—Means for extinguishing arc
    • H01T1/04—Means for extinguishing arc using magnetic blow-out
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0059—Arc discharge tubes

Definitions

  • a reigniting spark gap for surge diverters with mag- I netic blowing has electrodes arranged on an insulating [63] Contmuatton-m-part of Ser. No. 9,706, Feb. 9, base Each electrode has a spark gap pan arranged in 1970 abandmedan extinguishing chamber and the spark gap parts of the electrodes diverge from an ignition point and the [30] Forelgn Appllcauon Pnonty Data surfaces of the spark gap parts face each other and Feb.
  • the present invention relates to a reigniting spark gap for surge diverters with magnetic blowing.
  • the surge diverter is built up of a number of spark gaps each comprising two electrodes arranged on a plate of insulating material and the plates are axially juxtaposed and thereby the two electrodes which are arranged on one side of the plate will be enclosed between two adjacent plates.
  • the spark gap is designed so that a controlled reignition of the arc is obtained.
  • the reignited arc is considerably shorter and thus has a lower voltage drop than the extended are, which means that the extended arc is extinguished and the reignited arc takes over the current conduction. This phenomenon is repeated until the current is so low that reignition cannot take place.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 of the accompanying drawing show two embodiments of a spark gap according to the invention. The two variants differ only in the position of the through-flow channel.
  • the spark gap is constructed on a circular plate 1 of ceramic material.
  • the plate has two electrodes 3, 4, each comprising an attachment part 5 and a spark gap part 6.
  • the plate has also an inset part 2 on at least one side.
  • a surge diverter is composed of a number of axially juxtaposed plates with spark gaps and an inset part on at least one side.
  • a closed arc extinguishing chamber between them in which the arc is lengthened and suppressed. If the plate has an inset part on only one side and the other side is flat, the volume of the extinguishing chamber will be about the same as the volume of the inset, but if the plate has an inset part on each side the volume of the extinguishing chamber will be about twice the volume of the inset part.
  • the suppressing effect on the arc may be increased if the two facing inset parts are more or less displaced in relation to each other.
  • the spark-gap parts diverge from an ignition point 7 and the surfaces 8 and 9 of the spark gap parts facing each other form running-out paths for the foot points 11 and 12 of the are 10 arising between the electrodes.
  • the surfaces 13 and 14 of the spark-gap parts facing away from each other form return paths for the foot points of the are when the are, under the influence of the magnetic blowing, has been extended so much that its foot points 11 and 12 have passed the top of the electrodes.
  • each electrode Between the return path and the running-out path of each electrode is a channel 15, 16, respectively, which forms a through-flow channel for ionized gas.
  • the channel may be in the form of a groove in the plate 1 and is then covered on one side by the spark gap part 6.
  • the channel according to another embodiment may be in the form of a hole bored through the electrode so that the channel is completely within the electrode material.
  • FIG. 1 shows that the channel opens into or in the immediate vicinity of the ignition point 7 where the arc ignites when the spark gap comes into operation.
  • FIG. 2 shows that the channel opens further up on the running-out path at a reignition point 17.
  • the spark gap operates in the following way: When the voltage rises above the ignition voltage determined for the gap, there is a spark-over between the electrodes at the ignition point 7. Because of the magnetic blowing, which is perpendicular to the plane of the plate, the arc is forced upwards and increases in length. If the current has sufliciently long duration the foot points of the arc are moved up the surfaces 8 and 9, pass the top of the spark gap parts 6 and continue on the return paths 13 and 14, respectively. All the time the arc presses ionized, hot gas in front of it and, when the foot points of the are come near to the channels 15 and 16, respectively, the gas rushes into the channels towards the openings of the channels into the runningout paths. In this position the arc has increased its length and the arc voltage drop has thus also increased.
  • a return flow channel on only one of the electrodes.
  • Such a gap will not be so rapid in reignition, since the reignition point receives gas from only one direction.
  • such a gap may be more suitable.
  • both the electrodes may be alike, as shown in the drawings, or one of the electrodes may have no return path so that the foot point of the are on this electrode stops at the top of the electrode and only the other base follows a running-out path and effects reignition.
  • a reigniting spark gap according to the invention gives low voltage drop at the diverting current. This means that the gap takes up a negligible amount of energy and therefore, and because the arc is always moving, the extinguishing capacity of the gap is maintained even over long periods of operation.
  • Reigniting spark gap for surge diverters comprising a number of axially juxtaposed plates, each plate having two electrodes forming said spark gap, each plate having means forming an arc extinguishing chamber between two adjacent plates, each electrode having a spark gap part (6) arranged in said extinguishing chamber (2), the spark gap parts of the electrodes diverging from an ignition point (7) and the surfaces (8, 9) of the spark gap parts facing each other forming running-out paths for the foot points of the arc arising between the electrodes, at least one of the two surfaces (13, 14) of the spark gap parts facing away from each other forming a return path for one foot point of an arc, which return path has an end point substantially opposite the ignition point, and a channel (15, 16) connecting the running-out path and the return path and forming a through-flow channel for ionized gas from the return path to the running-out path.
  • spark gap according to claim 1 in which the two electrodes are alike and each is provided with both a running-out path and a return path.
  • spark gap according to claim 1 in which the channel (15, 16) from the return path opens into the running-out path in the vicinity of the ignition point (7 5. Spark gap according to claim 1, in which the channel (15, 16) from the return path opens into the running-out path at a reignition point (17) located at a distance from the ignition point.
  • the chan nel has one end at the end point and it is limited partly by the insulating base and partly by the electrode material, the electrode material providing a runningout path for the foot point of the arc.

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  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
US154049A 1969-02-21 1971-06-17 Reigniting spark gap device including a flow-through channel Expired - Lifetime US3688155A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE02398/69A SE328932B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-02-21 1969-02-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3688155A true US3688155A (en) 1972-08-29

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ID=20259882

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US154049A Expired - Lifetime US3688155A (en) 1969-02-21 1971-06-17 Reigniting spark gap device including a flow-through channel

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3688155A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4922373B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH506195A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2035600A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1233867A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE328932B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3968393A (en) * 1975-03-27 1976-07-06 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Spark gap device for a lightning arrestor
DE3014544A1 (de) * 1980-04-16 1981-10-22 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Funkenstreckenelektrode fuer ueberspannungsableiter
US4970433A (en) * 1988-10-12 1990-11-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Apparatus and method for tuned unsteady flow purging of high pulse rate spark gaps
US4990831A (en) * 1988-10-12 1991-02-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Spark gap switch system with condensable dielectric gas
US5515690A (en) * 1995-02-13 1996-05-14 Carolina Products, Inc. Automatic purge supplement after chamber with adsorbent
EP0789434A1 (de) * 1996-02-10 1997-08-13 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren zur Beeinflussung des Folgestromlöschvermögens von Funkenstreckenanordnungen und Funkenstreckenanordnungen hierfür
EP0920098A3 (de) * 1994-10-07 1999-07-21 PHOENIX CONTACT GmbH & Co. Überspannungsschutzelement

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5345884B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-07-12 1978-12-09

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2614232A (en) * 1950-09-15 1952-10-14 Gen Electric Air gap construction
US3354345A (en) * 1964-07-06 1967-11-21 Gen Electric Lightning arrester spark gap having arc-confining chamber walls of graded porosity

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2614232A (en) * 1950-09-15 1952-10-14 Gen Electric Air gap construction
US3354345A (en) * 1964-07-06 1967-11-21 Gen Electric Lightning arrester spark gap having arc-confining chamber walls of graded porosity

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3968393A (en) * 1975-03-27 1976-07-06 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd. Spark gap device for a lightning arrestor
DE3014544A1 (de) * 1980-04-16 1981-10-22 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Funkenstreckenelektrode fuer ueberspannungsableiter
US4970433A (en) * 1988-10-12 1990-11-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Apparatus and method for tuned unsteady flow purging of high pulse rate spark gaps
US4990831A (en) * 1988-10-12 1991-02-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Spark gap switch system with condensable dielectric gas
EP0920098A3 (de) * 1994-10-07 1999-07-21 PHOENIX CONTACT GmbH & Co. Überspannungsschutzelement
US5515690A (en) * 1995-02-13 1996-05-14 Carolina Products, Inc. Automatic purge supplement after chamber with adsorbent
EP0789434A1 (de) * 1996-02-10 1997-08-13 Dehn + Söhne Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren zur Beeinflussung des Folgestromlöschvermögens von Funkenstreckenanordnungen und Funkenstreckenanordnungen hierfür

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4922373B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-06-07
DE2007293B2 (de) 1972-06-29
DE2007293A1 (de) 1971-02-11
GB1233867A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-06-03
SE328932B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-28
FR2035600A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-12-18
CH506195A (de) 1971-04-15

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