US3685890A - Variable-format cinematographic apparatus - Google Patents

Variable-format cinematographic apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3685890A
US3685890A US71927A US3685890DA US3685890A US 3685890 A US3685890 A US 3685890A US 71927 A US71927 A US 71927A US 3685890D A US3685890D A US 3685890DA US 3685890 A US3685890 A US 3685890A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
film
perforations
finger
format
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US71927A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jaroslav Sekera
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Paillard SA
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Paillard SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B1/00—Film strip handling
    • G03B1/42—Guiding, framing, or constraining film in desired position relative to lens system
    • G03B1/48—Gates or pressure devices, e.g. plate
    • G03B1/50—Gates or pressure devices, e.g. plate adjustable or interchangeable, e.g. for different film widths

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Cinematographic apparatus e.g., film projector
  • a sensing device distinguishes between the film types by the differences in the configuration of the respective marginal perforations in the films.
  • the sensing device is in the form of a finger, forming one part of an electric contact and capable of penetrating through only one of the film types to engage the other part of the contact on the other side of the film.
  • the finger controls the displacement of other elements necessary for the adaptation of the apparatus to different film formats.
  • ATTORNEY VARIABLE-FORMAT CINEMATOGRAPHIC APPARATUS Cinematographic projectors intended for the projection of different formats of films, especially 8 mm, 9.5 mm and 16 mm, have been known for a very long time.
  • these projectors a certain number of parts are provided which need to be changed for adaptation to the different film formats.
  • parts include the optical system, the gate with the projection aperture, the claw mechanism and the feeding devices.
  • a user of the apparatus must act on at least one control means for adapting the projector to the size of the film he wishes to project. Should he forget to do this operation, there may be a risk that the film is damaged by the parts of the apparatus which had not been adapted to the selected film format.
  • the object of the present invention is to liberate the user from having to regulate his apparatus in dependence on the selected film format.
  • variable-size cinematographic apparatus including at least one displaceable element the position of which depends on the format of the film selected, means for controlling the position of said element, a device for sensing the format of the film placed in the apparatus, said device being associated with the control means automatically to ensure the adaptation of the apparatus to the selected film format and including a feeler element adapted to cooperate with the perforations of the film so as to recognize a specific distinguishing characteristic of said perforations.
  • the feeler element is constituted by a finger which is in use resiliently urged into contact with the film, the dimensions of this finger being such as to be capable of penetrating into the perforations of only one of the types of film, while the location of this finger is chosen so that at least a portion of the surface of the finger is situated outside the path of movement of the perforations of the or each other type of film.
  • the feeler element may constitute a part of an electric contact, there being another part which is situated on the other side of the film, whereby the feeler element must in operation penetrate into a perforation of the film in order to make contact with the other contact art.
  • said one displaceable element is a plate movement of which causes an appropriate projection aperture to be brought into a projecting position.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevational view of the projector.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a portion of Super-8 type film on which the perforations corresponding to normal 8 mm film are shown in dotted lines.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4am respectively a longitudinal section on the line of perforations and a plan view of a Super-8 film with a feeler finger forming part of the apparatus of this invention.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are views respectively corresponding to FIGS. 3 and 4, but for the case of a normal 8 mm film.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show in transverse section the functioning of the feeler finger when the film moves, respectively for Super-8 type and normal 8 mm type.
  • the projector includes a housing 1, a casing 2 sheltering a projection lamp, a gate or passageway 3 and an objective 4.
  • the film F is placed on a feeding spool 5 and is in use wound on a take-up spool 6 after passing through the gate 3. Upstream of gate 3, the film is arranged to pass along a device 7 which is adapted to. detect or sense film format and which will be described below. Between the spool 5 and the device 7, the film in operation passes a roller 8 carried by an arm 9 mounted resiliently on the housing 1; the roller 8 serves to eliminate the transmission of the jerks of the film during its passage in the gate 3 to the feeding spool 5.
  • the film F is passed between respective movable guides 10, 11, 10', 11' which are arranged to be brought near to each other to permit the automatic threading of film and its guidance to the take-up spool 6.
  • the film is led in the proximity of a watching roller 12 adjacent the exit of the gate 3.
  • the roller 12 is mounted on a lever 13 mounted for pivoting about the driving shaft of a pulley 14 and carrying a roller 15 driven by the pulley 14.
  • the roller 12 is released and causes the lever 13 to pivot to bring the roller 15, the periphery of which is rubberized, into contact with the periphery of the spool 6 to rotate the latter.
  • the roller 12 is lifted and disengages the roller 15 from the spool 6 to interrupt the driving engagement therebetween.
  • FIG. 2 shows on the same piece of film F the perforations 16 corresponding to Super-8 format and perforations 17 shown in dotted lines, of the normal 8 mm format of film.
  • the sensing device 7 includes a feeler finger l8, il- Iustrated in FIGS. 3 to 8, which is provided to recognize the perforations of the film.
  • This finger 18 is guided in an insulating support 19 and, under the action of a spring 20, can penetrate into the perforations of Super- 8 type film.
  • a stop 25 of the finger 18 is then in electric contact with a thin conducting strip 26 on the other side of the film to close a non-illustrated electric circuit.
  • the finger 18 cannot penetrate into the perforations and cannot make the electric circuit.
  • the perforations 17 of the normal 8 mm type film are at a distance a from the edge of the film, which is greater than the distance b from the same edge for the perforations 16 of the Super-8 format, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the finger 18 has at least a portion of its surface outside the path of movement of the perforations 17 of the 8 mm film, as can be seen in FIG. 8.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 show also a displaceable plate 21 along the gate 3. which plate has two apertures: 22 (FIG. 7) and 23 (FIG. 8) corresponding to the projection apertures for each of the two film types.
  • This plate 21 could be subjected to the action of a return spring (not shown) for urging it into the position for projecting normal 8 mm film, and subjected to the action of an electromagnet (not shown) displacing it against the bias of this return spring to bring it into the position for projecting Super-8 film.
  • the electromagnet can be controlled by the contact between the finger 18 and the part 27.
  • This electromagnet must have delayed action to avoid its displacement each time the said contact is interrupted in the course of the movement of the perforations.
  • the delay for the electromagnet can be obtained by a known means employing a capacitor at the ends of the electromagnet windings, or by providing a few short-circuiting turns on these windings.
  • the said electric circuit can also be used to control the change of these elements. Particularly, this could apply to the modification of the claw and sprocket-wheel, and in the case where the formats to be used have greater differences therebetween than those between normal 8 mm and Super-8 film formats, any changes in the optical system can also be controlled thereby.
  • a variable-format cinematographic apparatus for use with film having marginal perforations, including at least one displaceable element the position of which depends on the format of the film selected, means for controlling the position of said element, a device for detectlng the format of the film placed 1n the apparatus, said device being operatively associated with the control means for automatically ensuring the adaptation of the apparatus to the format of the film that is being used, and a feeler element forming part of said device to cooperate with the perforations of the film to recognize a specific distinguishing characteristic of said perforations.
  • the feeler element comprises a finger
  • means resiliently to press said finger against the film the dimensions of this finger being such as to be capable of penetrating into the perforations of only one of the types of film, said finger being so located that at least a portion of the surface of the finger being situated outside the path of movement of the perforations of all the other types of film.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 including electric contact means of which the feeler element constitutes one part, the other contact part situated on the other side of the film, and the contact is closed when said feeler element penetrates into a perforation of the film used.
  • said at least one displaceable element is a plate, there being projection apertures associated with the different film formats and connected to said plate so as to bring the appropriate one to a projecting position.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Details Of Cameras Including Film Mechanisms (AREA)
US71927A 1969-10-03 1970-09-14 Variable-format cinematographic apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3685890A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1489669A CH498414A (fr) 1969-10-03 1969-10-03 Appareil cinématographique multiformat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3685890A true US3685890A (en) 1972-08-22

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ID=4404645

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US71927A Expired - Lifetime US3685890A (en) 1969-10-03 1970-09-14 Variable-format cinematographic apparatus

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3685890A (xx)
JP (1) JPS503647B1 (xx)
AT (1) AT294577B (xx)
CH (1) CH498414A (xx)
DE (1) DE2045771A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2068192A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1265236A (xx)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3767295A (en) * 1972-07-03 1973-10-23 L Gerber Automatic lens changer
US4120572A (en) * 1975-12-24 1978-10-17 Rollei-Werke Franke & Heidecke Multiple film type motion picture projection

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6118892U (ja) * 1984-07-07 1986-02-03 秀茂 川井 正多角形定規

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1240395B (de) * 1965-11-20 1967-05-11 Robert Bosch Elektronik Vorrichtung zum selbsttaetigen Einstellen eines Mehrformat-Laufbildgeraets

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1240395B (de) * 1965-11-20 1967-05-11 Robert Bosch Elektronik Vorrichtung zum selbsttaetigen Einstellen eines Mehrformat-Laufbildgeraets

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3767295A (en) * 1972-07-03 1973-10-23 L Gerber Automatic lens changer
US4120572A (en) * 1975-12-24 1978-10-17 Rollei-Werke Franke & Heidecke Multiple film type motion picture projection

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2068192A5 (xx) 1971-08-20
DE2045771A1 (de) 1971-04-15
CH498414A (fr) 1970-10-31
JPS503647B1 (xx) 1975-02-07
AT294577B (de) 1971-11-25
GB1265236A (xx) 1972-03-01

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