US3685443A - Impression cylinder for gravure printing press - Google Patents

Impression cylinder for gravure printing press Download PDF

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Publication number
US3685443A
US3685443A US529871A US3685443DA US3685443A US 3685443 A US3685443 A US 3685443A US 529871 A US529871 A US 529871A US 3685443D A US3685443D A US 3685443DA US 3685443 A US3685443 A US 3685443A
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Prior art keywords
shell
shaft
impression cylinder
roll
core
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Expired - Lifetime
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US529871A
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English (en)
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Eduard Kusters
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C13/00—Rolls, drums, discs, or the like; Bearings or mountings therefor
    • F16C13/02—Bearings
    • F16C13/022—Bearings supporting a hollow roll mantle rotating with respect to a yoke or axle
    • F16C13/024—Bearings supporting a hollow roll mantle rotating with respect to a yoke or axle adjustable for positioning, e.g. radial movable bearings for controlling the deflection along the length of the roll mantle
    • F16C13/026—Bearings supporting a hollow roll mantle rotating with respect to a yoke or axle adjustable for positioning, e.g. radial movable bearings for controlling the deflection along the length of the roll mantle by fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
    • B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
    • B41F13/08—Cylinders
    • B41F13/18—Impression cylinders

Definitions

  • ATTOQNEYS IMPRESSION CYLINDER FOR GRAVURE PRINTING PRESS This invention pertains to a gravure printing press and more particularly to the impression cylinders utilized in the printing units of such a press.
  • the peripheral working surface of such impression cylinder is formed by a layer of a synthetic material of high elasticity and hardness such as a polyurethane elastomer.
  • the individual printing unit comprises two adjacent counter rollers, an etched or engraving printing or plate cylinder and an impression cylinder, between which rollers the paper web or sheet is passed.
  • the impression cylinder presses the paper web or sheet against the printing cylinder, causing the paper to take up the ink in the etched depressions on the surface of the printing cylinder.
  • the required pressure can be exerted through the impression cylinder directly or by means of an auxiliary support roller through which the required pressure may be transmitted to the impression cylinder.
  • the impression cylinder for the printing units of a rotogravure press have been rollers made of rubber with a Shore A hardness between 8085.
  • Steel rollers with a sleeve or covering of an elastic material having a Shore A hardness lying between 80-85 have also been utilized as impression cylinders.
  • the use of these conventional types of impression cylinders has not resulted in the best possible printing quality primarily because of excessive deformation of the surface of the cylinder in the printing zone (i.e., the area of contact between the impression cylinder and the web as the former exerts the required pressure to force the latter against the printing cylinder surface) and the consequent frictional effects.
  • the use of conventional cylinders results in variations in the speed with which the paper web is passed through the individual printing units.
  • the pressure to be exerted by the impression cylinder must be varied in accordance with the nature and dimension of the etching on the printing cylinder and with the particular color to be applied by the particular printing unit. Where high pressure is applied, the deformation of the surface of the impression cylinder in conformity to the surface of the printing cylinder in the printing zone is greater than when lower pressure is applied.
  • an impression cylinder of greater diameter was provided so as to attempt to provide an arc of contact between web and printing cylinder approximately equivalent to that of a printing unit in which an impression cylinder of smaller diameter exerted a greater pressure on the web. In this way it was sought to maintain the speed of the paper web through the various printing units at an approximately constant level.
  • An object of the present invention is to improve the quality of the printing.
  • a further object is to minimize the difi'erences in speed of the paper web'as it passes through the several individual printing units and thus to eliminate the need to use impression cylinders with different diameters.
  • a still further object of the invention is to enable control of the deflection of impression cylinders and to provide for the application of a uniform pressure along the entire length of the impression cylinder in the printing zone.
  • the impression cylinder comprises a roller with at least one peripheral layer of an elastic synthetic material such as, for example, a polyurethane elastomer, such material having a Shore A hardness ranging from 88 98.
  • an elastic synthetic material such as, for example, a polyurethane elastomer, such material having a Shore A hardness ranging from 88 98.
  • Applicant has found that the hardness of the working surface of the impression cylinder to a great degree detemtines the quality of the resultant printing and that, through the use of the impression cylinders with a hardness as called for by the invention, a substantial improvement in the quality of the printing is attained.
  • Applicant has determined that even small variations in the hardness are reflected in the quality of the printing. The best quality of printing has been achieved with a polyurethane roller of 98 Shore A hardness.
  • the quality of such printing is excellent even on rough, non-calendared paper, because the surface of the impression cylinder is insensitive to the surface roughness of the paper.
  • irregularities in the strength of the paper can tend to effect the quality of the print at a Shore A hardness of 98.
  • a degree of hardness of 96 Shore A is preferred for paper of normal quality.
  • impression cylinders made in accordance with the invention lies in the-fact that the difference in speed of paper web in passing through the individual units can be minimized or eliminated entirely, which in itself will enhance the quality of the printmg.
  • the speed of the paper web through individual printing units will remain substantially the same irrespective of the particular pressure applied through the impression cylinder of a particular unit.
  • the length of the arc of contact between the impression cylinder and the web as taken in the direction of the web movement along the circumference of the printing cylinder varies between 15 mm and 22 mm depending upon the pressure applied.
  • impression cylinders of the invention with a Shore A hardness of 98 are used, the length of this arc of contact will be between 6 mm and 8 mm,
  • the circumferential surface of the impression cylinder comprises a pre-formed, seamless covering or hollow sleeve made Because of the great hardness of the sleeve of synthetic material it becomes necessary to take into ac-. count the deflection of the printing cylinder andof the.
  • the polyurethane sleeve or coat can be shrunk onto a swimming Roll or can be of such a diameter as to provide radial play when mounted onto such a roll.
  • endseals can be provided to prevent the axial displacement of the sleeve with respect to the of a synthetic material such as a polyurethane which is disposed on a roller serving as a core.
  • the hollow sleeve is cast of polyurethane and the necessary additives in a high-speed centrifugal casting form so that air bubbles are driven off and the polyurethane material is cross-linked in a minimum amount of time.
  • the hollow sleeve thus produced is tempered and then can be shrunk onto a steel roller.
  • the sleeve onto the core roller such as a steel cylinder with some radial play, i.e., by making the inner diameter of the hollow sleeve somewhat greater than the, diameter of the steel cylin- 'drical core.
  • the amount of possible radial displacement of the sleeve with respect to the core need only be small and need amount to no more than a few millimeters.
  • the sleeve can simply be pushed on to the cylindrical core. The sleeve can thus easily be replaced.
  • This simple and inexpensive embodiment of the impression cylinder in accordance with the invention is appropriate for small working widths, i.e., cylinder lengths up to approximately 800 mm. In such cases it can also suffice to placethe sleeve onto a conventional rubber'rollen- In view of the small deflections which occur with this small working width, the elasticity of the rubber roller is sufficient to provide virtually uniform pressure along the entire length of the roll.
  • polyurethane sleeve can itself comprise the outer shell of the swimming Roll" construction as set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 2,908,964.
  • a support roll can be provided on the side of the impression cylinder hereinabove described opposite the printing cylinder which support roll canitself be a controlled deflection roll such as that disclosed in US. Pat.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic transverse vertical cross section of a printing unit showing the impression cylinder embodying the invention as counter roll to the printing cylinder;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic transverse vertical cross section I of a printing unit showing another impression cylinderin accordance with the invention as counter roll to a printing cylinder;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic transverse vertical cross section of a printing unit showing another impression cylinder embodying the present inventionv as counter roll to a pressure cylinder;
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal vertical cross section of the printing unit shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic transverse vertical cross section of a printing unit illustrating still another impression cylinder embodying the invention as counter roll to a printing cylinder;
  • FIG. 6 is a longitudinal vertical cross section
  • FIG. -7 is a schematic transverse vertical cross section of a printing unit showing still another impression cylinder embodying the present invention as counter roller to a pressure cylinder;
  • FIG. 8 is a longitudinal vertical cross sectional view of the printing unit of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a longitudinal vertical view of a printing unit in which an impression cylinder in accordance with the invention is disposed between the printing cylinder and a support roller.
  • a gravure printing press comprises a plurality of printing units; each such unit in turn comprises a printing cylinder and an impression cylinder, the paper web or paper sheet passing between the impression and printing cylinder, the impression cylinder serving to press the paper against the printing cylinder to achieve the desired printing.
  • FIG. 1 such an individual printing unit is shown, the paper web or sheet 3 passing between the printing cylinder or roller 1 and the impression cylinder or roller 2.
  • the impression cylinder 2 in accordance with the invention comprises an inner core 4 which can be of steel or rubber or other conventional construction, and an outer sleeve 5 which is disposed around the core.
  • the outer sleeve is made of polyurethane elastomer or other synthetic material of high elasticity and sumcient hardness to lie within the required range.
  • the sleeve has a hardness of about 88- 98 Shore A.
  • the elastic synthetic sleeve serves as a working surface of the impression cylinder. In FIG. 1 it is shrunk on to the core 4. In the impression cylinder as shown in FIG. 2, the inner diameter of the polyurethane sleeve 5 is somewhat greater than the diameter of the core 4a so as to leave a space or gap 6 between the inner surface of the sleeve and the surface of the core permitting some radial displacement of the core with respect to the sleeve.
  • the core 7 is a controlled deflection roll of the type disclosed in US. Pat. No. 2,908,964 and sold in the United States under the Trademark swimming Roll.
  • a controlled deflection roll of the type disclosed in US. Pat. No. 2,908,964 and sold in the United States under the Trademark swimming Roll.
  • Such a roll comprises a stationary shaft 8 and an outer rotating shell 9.
  • the inner diameter of the outer shell is greater than the diameter of the shaft leaving a space between the shaft and the inner surface of the shell.
  • Longitudinal seals 10 are provided which divide the space into two longitudinal chambers 11 and 12.
  • the chamber 11 on the side of the roll adjacent to printing cylinder 1 is filled with a fluid pressure medium which is introduced through a bore 13 in the stationary shaft 8.
  • the shaft is positioned with respect to the shell by self-aligning bearings 14 and the longitudinal chambers 11 and 12 are frontally sealed by seals 15.
  • the inner diameter of the polyurethane sleeve or covering 5 is somewhat greater than the outer diameter of the shell 9 of the controlled deflection roll 7, leaving a space 6 between the core and the polyurethane sleeve and enabling radial displacement of the controlled deflection roll core with respect to the polyurethane sleeve.
  • a sealing disc 16 is provided to prevent axial displacement of the sleeve or covering 5 with respect to the core 7.
  • the sleeve 5 and the outer shell 9 will rotate together while the shaft 8 remains stationary.
  • the pressure of the fluid within the chamber 11 can be adjusted.
  • the forces otherwise tending to cause the lengthwise deflection of the working surface of the roll are transferred by the hydraulic pressure medium to the stationary shaft 8 which will deflect relative to the outer shell in accordance with the fluid pressure applied.
  • the pressure will be uniform along the entire length of the impression cylinder. Further details as to the construction of this type of controlled deflection roll are disclosed in US. Pat. No. 2,908,964.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 This embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 in which the polyurethane shell 17 serves as both the outer sleeve which provides the working surface of the impression cylinder and the rotating outer shell of the swimming Roll" construction.
  • the controlled deflection roll to be used as the core for the impression cylinder of the invention may also be, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, of the type disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,043,211.
  • a controlled deflection roll 18 comprises an outer rotating shell 19, a stationary inner shaft 20 of a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the outer shell.
  • a pressure member 21 for containing hydraulic pressure medium is disposed in the space 22 thus formed between the inner surface of the outer shell and the stationary inner shaft on the working side of the controlled deflection roll, i.e., the side of the impression cylinder adjacent to the printing cylinder 1 in the printing unit shown in FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the hydraulic pressure within the pressure member 21 can be adjusted through conduit 23 and the inner shaft 20 will deflect with respect to the outer shell in accordance with the hydraulic pressure applied within the pressure member 21.
  • the sleeve 5 is disposed on the controlled deflection roll 18, the outer diameter of the latter being somewhat smaller than the inner diameter of the former providing for a space 6 between the sleeve and the core and thus permitting radial displacement between the polyurethane sleeve and the controlled deflection roll 18 serving as the core of the impression cylinder.
  • the sealing disc 24 prevents axial displacement of the sleeve with respect to the core.
  • the sleeve 5 and the outer shell 19 rotate together in the operation of the printing unit while the shaft 20 remains stationary. The pressure along the entire working length of the impression cylinder is uniform.
  • a support cylinder 25 is disposed on the side of the impression cylinder 2 opposite from the printing cylinder 1.
  • This support cylinder is shown as a roll, the working circumference of which can follow the deflection of the impression cylinder.
  • the roll 25 as shown is of the same construction as the controlled deflection roll 7 which serves as the core of the impression cylinder in the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • any other type of controlled deflection roll such as, e.g., the type of roll disclosed in US. Pat. No. 3,043,21 1 can be used as the support roll.
  • An impression cylinder assembly for a gravure printing unit including a cylindrical core and a preformed, seamless sleeve of synthetic elastic material disposed on said core to form the outer working surface of the impression cylinder assembly, said sleeve having a hardness lying in the range of about 88 98 Shore A, said material being a polyurethane elastomer and said core comprising a controlled deflection roll, said controlled deflection roll comprising a rotating outer shell, a stationary inner shaft disposed within said outer shell, the diameter of said shaft being smaller than the inner diameter of said shell providing a space between the shell and the shaft, longitudinal seals dividing the space, between the shaft and the shell into two longitudinal chambers, one of said longitudinal chambers being on the side of the shaft adjacent the working surface of the roller, the other longitudinal chamber being on the side of the shaft opposite the working side of the roller, the said chamber adjacent to the working surface of the roller being filled with a fluid pressure medium, the pressure within said chamber being adjustable whereby the shaft can deflect with respect to the shell and uniform
  • An impression cylinder assembly for a gravure printing unit including a cylindrical core and a preformed, seamless sleeve of synthetic elastic material disposed on said core to form the outer working surface of the impression cylinder assembly, said sleeve having a hardness lying in the range of about 88 98 Shore A, said material being a polyurethane elastomer and said core comprising a controlled deflection roll, said controlled deflection roll comprising a rotating outer shell, a stationary inner shaft disposed within said outer shell, the diameter of said shaft being smaller than the respect to the shell and uniform pressure is exerted by r the roll along the entire length of the roll.
  • a printing unit for a gravure press including a printing cylinder, an impression cylinder adjacent and parallel to said printing cylinder, said impression cylinder comprising a cylindrical core and a preformed, seamless sleeve of a polyurethane elastomer disposed on said core to form the outer working surface of said impression cylinder, said sleeve having a hardness lying in the range of about 88- 98 Shore Aand a support roller disposed adjacent and parallel said impression cylinder on the opposite side of said impression cylinder from a printing cylinder, said support roller comprising a controlled deflection roll comprising a rotating outer shell, a stationary inner shaft disposed within said outer shell, the diameter of said shell providing a space between the shell and the shaft, longitudinal seals dividing the space between the shaft and the shell into two longitudinal chambers, one 'of said longitudinal chambers being on the side of the shaft adjacent the workingsurface of the roller, the
  • An impression cylinder assembly for a gravure printing unit including a cylindrical core and a preformed, seamless sleeve of synthetic elastic material disposed on said core to form the outer working surface of the impression cylinder assembly, said sleeve having a hardness lying in the range of about 88 98 Shore A, said material being a polyurethane elatomer and,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
  • Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
US529871A 1965-02-25 1966-02-24 Impression cylinder for gravure printing press Expired - Lifetime US3685443A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEK55382A DE1279042B (de) 1965-02-25 1965-02-25 Andrueckzylinder bzw. Presseurwalze fuer Druckwerke von Rotationstiefdruckmaschinen

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US3685443A true US3685443A (en) 1972-08-22

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US529871A Expired - Lifetime US3685443A (en) 1965-02-25 1966-02-24 Impression cylinder for gravure printing press

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US (1) US3685443A (xx)
AT (1) AT287746B (xx)
CH (1) CH472967A (xx)
DE (1) DE1279042B (xx)
ES (1) ES323556A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1142643A (xx)
NL (1) NL6504483A (xx)
NO (1) NO119280B (xx)
SE (1) SE331287B (xx)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3724047A (en) * 1969-03-12 1973-04-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Inking sleeve
US3779051A (en) * 1973-02-06 1973-12-18 E Kuesters Web-treatment rollers of polyurethane
US4197798A (en) * 1975-10-08 1980-04-15 Bardin Karl D Metal plated plastic base intaglio printing cylinders and plates
DE3033230A1 (de) * 1980-09-04 1982-03-11 Albert-Frankenthal Ag, 6710 Frankenthal Zylinder fuer bahnfoermiges material verarbeitende maschinen
US4372205A (en) * 1979-10-09 1983-02-08 M.A.N.-Roland Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for bending a pressure roll of a rotary printing press
US5540373A (en) * 1990-03-13 1996-07-30 Sony Corporation Pinch roller type tape drive
US6311615B1 (en) * 1998-07-14 2001-11-06 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Composite nip roll and nip ring
US6468193B1 (en) * 1999-08-13 2002-10-22 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Liquid toner type image formation apparatus squeeze roller
US20080121128A1 (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-05-29 Nitto Denko Corporation Cushioning sheet, printing apparatus and printing method

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2849202A1 (de) * 1978-11-13 1980-05-14 Frankenthal Ag Albert Zylinder fuer eine druckmaschine
GB2260182B (en) * 1991-10-04 1994-09-14 Shu Wu Shuan Rotary drum for a paper transferring mechanism of an offset printing machine

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2156385A (en) * 1934-03-09 1939-05-02 Dayton Rubber Mfg Co Printing roll
US2178421A (en) * 1936-09-30 1939-10-31 Dayton Rubber Mfg Co Rubber roll
US2324631A (en) * 1941-05-13 1943-07-20 Cranston Print Works Co Printing machine pressure cylinder
US2353462A (en) * 1941-10-29 1944-07-11 Us Rubber Co Covering material for textile drawing and feeding rolls
US2607292A (en) * 1948-05-29 1952-08-19 Hoe & Co R Rotogravure impression mechanism
GB749541A (en) * 1952-10-23 1956-05-30 Otto Loosen Improvements in methods for the production of resilient rollers
US2908964A (en) * 1957-01-18 1959-10-20 Kuesters Eduard Pressure treatment of material
US3043211A (en) * 1958-04-24 1962-07-10 Kuesters Eduard Roller assemblies for the pressure treatment of materials
CA683021A (en) * 1964-03-24 Eduard Kusters Maschinenfabrik Roll, especially calender roll, for treatment of webs of goods by means of pressure
US3288060A (en) * 1964-10-29 1966-11-29 Interchem Corp Impression system for gravure press

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA683021A (en) * 1964-03-24 Eduard Kusters Maschinenfabrik Roll, especially calender roll, for treatment of webs of goods by means of pressure
US2156385A (en) * 1934-03-09 1939-05-02 Dayton Rubber Mfg Co Printing roll
US2178421A (en) * 1936-09-30 1939-10-31 Dayton Rubber Mfg Co Rubber roll
US2324631A (en) * 1941-05-13 1943-07-20 Cranston Print Works Co Printing machine pressure cylinder
US2353462A (en) * 1941-10-29 1944-07-11 Us Rubber Co Covering material for textile drawing and feeding rolls
US2607292A (en) * 1948-05-29 1952-08-19 Hoe & Co R Rotogravure impression mechanism
GB749541A (en) * 1952-10-23 1956-05-30 Otto Loosen Improvements in methods for the production of resilient rollers
US2908964A (en) * 1957-01-18 1959-10-20 Kuesters Eduard Pressure treatment of material
US3043211A (en) * 1958-04-24 1962-07-10 Kuesters Eduard Roller assemblies for the pressure treatment of materials
US3288060A (en) * 1964-10-29 1966-11-29 Interchem Corp Impression system for gravure press

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3724047A (en) * 1969-03-12 1973-04-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Inking sleeve
US3779051A (en) * 1973-02-06 1973-12-18 E Kuesters Web-treatment rollers of polyurethane
US4197798A (en) * 1975-10-08 1980-04-15 Bardin Karl D Metal plated plastic base intaglio printing cylinders and plates
US4372205A (en) * 1979-10-09 1983-02-08 M.A.N.-Roland Druckmaschinen Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for bending a pressure roll of a rotary printing press
DE3033230A1 (de) * 1980-09-04 1982-03-11 Albert-Frankenthal Ag, 6710 Frankenthal Zylinder fuer bahnfoermiges material verarbeitende maschinen
US5540373A (en) * 1990-03-13 1996-07-30 Sony Corporation Pinch roller type tape drive
US6311615B1 (en) * 1998-07-14 2001-11-06 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Composite nip roll and nip ring
US6468193B1 (en) * 1999-08-13 2002-10-22 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Liquid toner type image formation apparatus squeeze roller
US20080121128A1 (en) * 2006-11-29 2008-05-29 Nitto Denko Corporation Cushioning sheet, printing apparatus and printing method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH472967A (de) 1969-05-31
NL6504483A (xx) 1966-08-26
SE331287B (xx) 1970-12-21
DE1279042B (de) 1968-10-03
GB1142643A (en) 1969-02-12
NO119280B (xx) 1970-04-27
ES323556A1 (es) 1967-01-16
AT287746B (de) 1971-02-10

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