US3683574A - Cylindrical tank for containing high-pressure fluids - Google Patents

Cylindrical tank for containing high-pressure fluids Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3683574A
US3683574A US38212A US3683574DA US3683574A US 3683574 A US3683574 A US 3683574A US 38212 A US38212 A US 38212A US 3683574D A US3683574D A US 3683574DA US 3683574 A US3683574 A US 3683574A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tank
shells
peripheral wall
multiplicity
concrete
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US38212A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Franz Vaessen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HOCKTIEF AG fur HOCH und TIEFB
Original Assignee
HOCKTIEF AG fur HOCH und TIEFB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19691940726 external-priority patent/DE1940726C3/de
Application filed by HOCKTIEF AG fur HOCH und TIEFB filed Critical HOCKTIEF AG fur HOCH und TIEFB
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3683574A publication Critical patent/US3683574A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H7/00—Construction or assembling of bulk storage containers employing civil engineering techniques in situ or off the site
    • E04H7/02—Containers for fluids or gases; Supports therefor
    • E04H7/18—Containers for fluids or gases; Supports therefor mainly of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stone-like material
    • E04H7/20—Prestressed constructions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C13/00—Pressure vessels; Containment vessels; Containment in general
    • G21C13/08—Vessels characterised by the material; Selection of materials for pressure vessels
    • G21C13/093—Concrete vessels
    • G21C13/0933—Concrete vessels made of prestressed concrete
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A tank designed to contain high-pressure fluid, eg in a nuclear reactor, has a peripheral wall composed of concentrically nested concrete shells individually prestressed by surrounding wire coils; the several ten vorm.
  • top and bottom of the tank are formed by nested incurved concrete bowls; separated by antifriction layers, bearing upon stepped ...G2lc 13/04, G2lc 13/08 .52/249, 224; 176/87; 165/47; 220/3 [52] US. Cl. [51] Int. [58] Field of Search....
  • My present invention relates to a tank designed for the containment of high-pressure fluid. Although of general utility, such a tank is particularly suitable for use with nuclear reactors which are subject to considerable internal fluid pressures.
  • prestressed concrete is eminently suitable as a construction material for such vessels.
  • the static stress conditions become progressively more complicated so that a proper layout of the prestressing elements can be realized only with increasing difficulty.
  • my invention aims at providing a cylindrical vessel of prestressed concrete in which the shear stresses normally generated by encircling prestressing means are substantially eliminated.
  • Another more particular object of this invention is to provide an improved junction between the peripheral wall and the two end walls of such a vessel.
  • l subdivide the cylindrically shaped peripheral wall into a multiplicity of concentrically nested concrete shells individually prestressed to resist radial outward deformation, as by means of enveloping elastic sheaths formed from steel wire wound about these shells in a multiplicity of turns, with interposition of antifriction means between the shells to prevent the transmission of major shear stresses from one shell to the other.
  • the two end walls are of inwardly curved configuration and are received within the axially opposite extremities of the peripheral wall so as to bear thereagainst in response to internal pressures tending to flatten these end walls.
  • the rims of these bowls bear upon respective frustoconical zones on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder wall, this surface having a sawtooth profile with flanks defining the generatrices of the frustoconical zones and lying substantially on the radii of curvature of the corresponding bowls.
  • the cylinder wall or some of its shells may be axially split into a stack of annular sections held together by tie rods passing through axially extending channels in some or all of the shells.
  • the outermost section or sections at each end of the cylinder may serve as a header framing the dished end wall and may also be provided with an internal annular shoulder forming a seat for the innermost bowl of that end wall; in contradistinction to the cylindrical wall between these headers, the header-forming sections should not include antifriction layers between their concentric rings so that both radial and nonradial stresses may be transmitted therebetween.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cylindrical high-pressure tank embodying my invention, with an intermediate portion of the cylinder wall broken away;
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line II- II of FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6 are enlarged detail views of areas within outlines III, IV, V and VI, respectively, of FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 3, showing a modification
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged detail view of an area outlined by the circle VIII in FIG. 2.
  • the tank shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a cylindrical peripheral wall 1 constituted by a multiplicity of concrete shells la, 1b, 1h with interposed antifriction layers generally designated 3.
  • the shells 1a etc. are internally provided with conventional slack or unstressed reinforcements 7, as illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 8, and are individually prestressed by elastic sheaths consisting (as best seen in FIGS. 3 and 7) of multiple turns of steel wire 2, a few millimeters in thickness, advantageously distributed over their entire outer surfaces.
  • the antifriction layers 3 may consist of sheet metal, e.g., steel or aluminum, provided with lowfriction plastic coatings 4', 4" of Teflon or the like as illustrated in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 7 shows two layers 3, 3" of helically coiled metal strips adjoining each other in staggered relationship.
  • the shells 1a, 1b etc. are axially subdivided-except for the outermost shell lh-into rings forming axially stacked wall sections such as those designated 9, 9', 9".
  • the two last-mentioned wall sections together constitute an annular header 8, framing the end wall 14, within the upper extremity of the outermost shell 1h; a similar header 8 for end wall 13 is constituted by the two lowermost sections of the cylinder wall 1.
  • the several sections are cemented together by grouting 22 and are anchored to one another by vertical tie rods 6 traversing axially extending channels 5 (FIG. 8) in the shells Ia lg; these tie rods, illustrated only diagrammatically and over part of their length in FIG. 1, end in conventional terminal members (not shown) mating with clamping nuts or the like which bear upon the outer faces of the top and bottom wall sections.
  • the peripheral wall 1 is complemented by two end walls 13, 14 to a closed vessel.
  • the upper end wall 14 rests on an internal annular shoulder 23 integral with the innermost ring of wall section 9, i.e., the ring forming part of shell 1a; the lower end wall 13 bears upon a similar abutment 22'. Since the two end walls are symmetrical, a detailed description of the upper wall 14 will suffice.
  • sections 9, 9" (and their counterparts at the bottom of the vessel) lack the antifriction layers 3 or 3', 3" (FIGS. 3 and 7) of the remaining sections.
  • the annular layers such as 1 of these wall sections are formed with serrated profiles along their inner peripheral surfaces confronting the wire sheath 12 of an adjoining layer, the intervening space being filled with grout 1 l to fonn a rigid bond between these layers and the intervening prestressing means 12 (which may be integral extensions of the wire coils 2 shown in FIGS. 3 and 7).
  • the headers 8 and 8' may be regarded as annular structures of solid peripherally prestressed concrete surrounding the corresponding end walls 14 and 13 in stress-transmitting relationship therewith.
  • the serration 10 has a profile designed to transmit axially outwardly directed stresses, such as those resulting from internal gas pressure acting upon end wall 14, from an inner layer to an adjoining outer layer whereby these stresses are distributed over the entire header 8 for absorption by the tie rods 6.
  • the end walls 13 and 14 are each composed of a multiplicity of bowl-shaped concrete layers 15 which are generally spherically curved with outwardly facing concavities. As best seen in FIG. 5, these concrete bowls are separated by antifriction layers 16', 16 e.g., in the form of spirally coiled or concentrically disposed metal strips with relatively offset edges, though of course a composite sheet such as that shown in FIG. 3 could also be used. As illustrated in FIG.
  • the bowls 15 may be provided with unstressed reinforcements, not shown, and also have stirrups 19 projecting from their rims to confront similar stirrups projecting inwardly from frustoconical zones 18 on the inner surfaces of the innermost rings of wall sections 9 and 9"; stirrups 19 and 20 are joined together, rigidly (as by welding) or in articulated fashion, before the surrounding clearance is filled with grout 21.
  • the zones 18 form part of a sawtooth profile 17 whose flanks constitute abutments, through the intermediary of grouting 21, for the rims of respective bowls 15. It will be noted that the generatrices of the frustoconical zones 18 substantially coincide with radii of curvature of the corresponding bowls 15, i.e., lie at right angles to lines tangent to these bowls at their rims.
  • a metallic inner core is shown surrounded by the vessel 1, 13, 14 of prestressed concrete.
  • the shells 1a 1h may be peripherally subdivided into part-cylindrical segments with relatively staggered joints, two semicylindrical segments per shell having been shown by way of example.
  • Core 25 could also be made of materials other than metal, including concrete.
  • a tank for the containment of a high-pressure fluid comprising a cylindrically shaped peripheral wall and a pair of end walls complementing said peripheral wall to a closed vessel; said peripheral wall consisting essentially of a multiplicity of concentrically nested concrete shells, individual prestressing means for said shell resisting radially outward deformation, and antifriction means interposed between said shells for preventing the transmission of major shear stresses therebetween.
  • a tank as defined in claim 1 wherein said prestressing means comprises an elastic sheath enveloping each of said shells.
  • a tank as defined in claim 1 wherein said antifriction means comprises at least one layer of sheet material inserted between any two adjoining shells.
  • a tank as defined in claim 9 wherein said corresponding end wall consists essentially of a multiplicity of nested bowl-shaped concrete layers with interposed antifriction means, said layers having circular rims bearing upon the inner peripheral surface of said annular header.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
US38212A 1969-08-09 1970-05-18 Cylindrical tank for containing high-pressure fluids Expired - Lifetime US3683574A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691940726 DE1940726C3 (de) 1969-08-09 Zylindrischer Kernreaktor-Druckbehälter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3683574A true US3683574A (en) 1972-08-15

Family

ID=5742462

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US38212A Expired - Lifetime US3683574A (en) 1969-08-09 1970-05-18 Cylindrical tank for containing high-pressure fluids

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3683574A (zh)
BE (1) BE740935A (zh)
FR (1) FR2057080B1 (zh)
GB (1) GB1224278A (zh)
NL (2) NL6917999A (zh)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3841593A (en) * 1972-01-19 1974-10-15 Kajima Corp Supporting structure for pressure vessel for nuclear reactors
US3863410A (en) * 1971-12-23 1975-02-04 Siemens Ag Pressure-tight reactor tank
US4047632A (en) * 1974-11-28 1977-09-13 Siempelkamp Giesserei Kg Pressure vessel especially for a nuclear reactor
US4092215A (en) * 1975-09-30 1978-05-30 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Rupture protection device for steam generators of substantially cylindrical shape, preferably of pressurized-water nuclear power plants
US4702052A (en) * 1986-10-20 1987-10-27 T. Y. Lin International Prestressed concrete pressure vessel and method for making such a vessel
US4767593A (en) * 1987-06-15 1988-08-30 Wedellsborg Bendt W Multiple shell pressure vessel
US4797250A (en) * 1986-08-21 1989-01-10 Framatome Nuclear reactor confinement enclosure foundation
WO2001061709A1 (en) * 2000-02-16 2001-08-23 The National University Of Singapore A vessel for use in multi-effect distillation and/or separation processes

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3397503A (en) * 1964-12-17 1968-08-20 Adler Felix Max Method for constructing pressure vessels
US3443631A (en) * 1963-09-19 1969-05-13 Beteiligungs & Patentverw Gmbh High-pressure container

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3443631A (en) * 1963-09-19 1969-05-13 Beteiligungs & Patentverw Gmbh High-pressure container
US3397503A (en) * 1964-12-17 1968-08-20 Adler Felix Max Method for constructing pressure vessels

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3863410A (en) * 1971-12-23 1975-02-04 Siemens Ag Pressure-tight reactor tank
US3841593A (en) * 1972-01-19 1974-10-15 Kajima Corp Supporting structure for pressure vessel for nuclear reactors
US4047632A (en) * 1974-11-28 1977-09-13 Siempelkamp Giesserei Kg Pressure vessel especially for a nuclear reactor
US4092215A (en) * 1975-09-30 1978-05-30 Kraftwerk Union Aktiengesellschaft Rupture protection device for steam generators of substantially cylindrical shape, preferably of pressurized-water nuclear power plants
US4797250A (en) * 1986-08-21 1989-01-10 Framatome Nuclear reactor confinement enclosure foundation
US4702052A (en) * 1986-10-20 1987-10-27 T. Y. Lin International Prestressed concrete pressure vessel and method for making such a vessel
US4767593A (en) * 1987-06-15 1988-08-30 Wedellsborg Bendt W Multiple shell pressure vessel
WO2001061709A1 (en) * 2000-02-16 2001-08-23 The National University Of Singapore A vessel for use in multi-effect distillation and/or separation processes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6917999A (zh) 1971-02-11
FR2057080A1 (zh) 1971-05-07
GB1224278A (en) 1971-03-10
DE1940726A1 (de) 1971-02-25
DE1940726B2 (de) 1976-10-14
FR2057080B1 (zh) 1974-02-22
NL137417C (zh)
BE740935A (zh) 1970-04-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3683574A (en) Cylindrical tank for containing high-pressure fluids
US4175005A (en) Component nuclear containment structure
US3503171A (en) Vessel providing resistance to high pressures
US4047632A (en) Pressure vessel especially for a nuclear reactor
US3390211A (en) Method for manufacturing concrete pressure vessels
US3893270A (en) Pressure vessel
US3710857A (en) Pressure-retentive vessel, e.g. for pressurized-fluid nuclear reactors
US4092215A (en) Rupture protection device for steam generators of substantially cylindrical shape, preferably of pressurized-water nuclear power plants
US5087409A (en) Pressure vessel improvement
US4322880A (en) Method of fabricating a prestressed cast iron vessel
US3712012A (en) Reinforced-concrete pressure vessel with lining
US3653434A (en) Cylindrical pressure vessel
US4053080A (en) Protective device against rupture of large cylindrical vessels and method of manufacturing same
US3589088A (en) Pressure container of prestressed concrete
US3987991A (en) Pipe restraints for nuclear power plants
GB1484315A (en) Cylindrical nuclear reactor pressure vessel
US2531742A (en) Underground storage tank
US4463872A (en) Pressure vessels
US3389516A (en) Prestressed concrete pressure vessel for nuclear reactors
US3693822A (en) Receptacle designed to withstand an internal pressure
US3863410A (en) Pressure-tight reactor tank
CN208009752U (zh) 抗震增强型混凝土柱
US4534140A (en) Annular slab for closing the vessel of a fast neutron nuclear reactor
US3230981A (en) Filament wound structure and method of making same
US4570813A (en) Connection anchor for liner of cast iron pressure tank