US3681719A

US3681719A - Electrical switch

Info

Publication number: US3681719A
Application number: US133498A
Authority: US
Inventors: John Philip Treschitta; Ralph Edmond Perusse
Original assignee: Bunker Ramo Corp
Current assignee: JOSLYN DEFENSE SYSTEMS Inc A CORP OF; Bunker Ramo Corp
Priority date: 1971-04-13
Filing date: 1971-04-13
Publication date: 1972-08-01
Anticipated expiration: 1989-08-01
Also published as: FR2132874A1; BE781980A; NL7204481A; CH546007A; DE2215855A1; GB1379817A; ZA722103B; AT314020B; IL39057A; CA940176A; IT950791B; SE369799B; IL39057A0

Abstract

An improved clapper arm is pivotally mounted on a frame that is secured to a coil for actuating an electrical switch. The clapper arm is provided with independent fingers for depressing two pins of the switch. The fingers, which are an integral part of the clapper arm and which may be independently adjusted by bending, are located on opposite sides of a substantially centrally located pivot.

Description

O United States Patent [151 3,681,719 Treschitta et al. [451 Aug. 1, 1972 [S4] ELECTRICAL SWITCH 3,131,268 4/1964 Orner ..335/5 3,414,849 12/1968 Burt Jr ..333/97S 72 Inventors. John Phlll 'lreschltta Norwalk, 1 Ralph t Peruse, Danbury 2,926,318 2/1960 Lanctot ..335/s both of Com. 2,941,164 6/1960 Lanctot ..333/97 S [73] Assignee: The Bunker-Ramo Corporation, primary Examiner |.|aro|d Broome Oak Brook, Attorney-Frederick M. Arbuckle [22] Filed: April 13, 1971 57 ABSTRACT [21] Appl. No.: 133,498 1 An improved clapper arm is pivotally mounted on a frame that is secured to a coil for actuating an electri- [52] ES. (il cal Switch The clapper arm is provided with indepem 333/97 7 dent fingers for depressing two pins of the switch. The [5 1 o arc fingers, which are an integral part of the clapper arm and which may be independently adjusted by bending, [56] References cued are located on opposite sides of a substantially cen- UNITED STATES PATENTS "ally located P 3,439,298 4/ 1969 Steinback ..335/5 12 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures PATENTEDAUG I I972 3.681. 719

sum 1 or 2 I N V E N TO R Jam/1? muse/ 172:4

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FIG. 4

INVENTOR JOHN 1? 77955017177): BY RALPIIE P580685 ATTORNEY 1 ELECTRICAL SWITCH BACKGROUND OF INVENTION 1 Field of the Invention This invention relates generally to electrical switches and more particularly to an improvedclapper arm for a microwave or RF coaxial switch.

2. Description of the Prior Art RF coaxial switches are used for transmit-receive switches to switch a single antenna between transmitter and receiver and for other RF signal transfer purposes. As the frequencies of interest have climbed ever higher, it has been increasingly difficult to maintain optimum impedance match to the active channel thus obtaining low VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) and adequate RF voltage and RF power handling capabilities while still maintaining good isolation for the unused channel. While this problem may to some extent be overcome by the use of electronic devices such as semiconductor diodes, ionizable electron tubes and various breakdown devices as the switching elements, mechanical switches are still preferable in many instances.

One example of a prior art radio frequency coaxial switch is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,414,849 that issued on Dec. 3, 1968, to W. G. Burt, Jr. In the aforementioned patent, the armature of a coil bears against and displaces a spring biased rocker arm. Means are provided for pivotally mounting the rocker arm so that the underside thereof bears against a pair of laterally displaced pins which are also spring mounted. The pins carry plates or blades that are arranged to contact terminal means mounted in the support base of the device. A similiar switch actuating structure is disclosed in copending application, Ser. No. 69,345, filed on Sept. 3, 1970, and assigned to the same assignee of the present invention. While the structure of these prior art switches is effective, it will be readily appreciated that the rocker arm represents a substantial mass, so that the solenoid must exert a larger than necessary force in order to pivot the rocker arm. This results in the need for a larger more expensive solenoid. The solenoid itself is larger, heavier and more expensive than a coil, primarily because of the existence of the armature. A design which does not require the use of a solenoid would thus be preferable. The prior art switches also pivot the rocker arm at one end thereof. This results in the force being applied to one of the pins being greater than the force applied to the other pin and presents other mechanical problems. With a solid, one-piece rocker arm, it is also difiicult or impossible to make small adjustments to compensate for manufacturing and assembly tolerances.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION clapper arm is pivotally mounted on the other leg of the support frame and is provided with two elongated, centrally located and tandemly arranged fingers that are arranged to bear against pins which carry the switch contact blades. The opposite end of the improved clapper arm is in closely spaced opposition to a coil so as to be angularly displaced when the coil is energized. The two fingers of the improved clapper arm that are displaced by the armature of the solenoid may be adjusted to compensate for manufacturing and assembly tolerances merely by bending, as required after assembly.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved electrical switch, and in particular, an improved radio frequency coaxial switch.

It is another object of the present invention to provide improved construction for the clapper arm used in a radio frequency coaxial switch.

A further object of the invention is to provide a construction for an RF coaxial switch which permits the use of a coil in place of a solenoid.

A feature of the present invention is that the rocker arm and the spring biasing means therefor, such as have been used in the prior art, have been eliminated.

An advantage of the present invention is the relatively simple adjustment of the clapper arm as regards the pins that support the switch contact blades.

These and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will, in part, be pointed out with particularity, and will, in part, become obvious from the following more detailed description of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, which forms an integral part thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING In the various figures of the drawing, like reference characters designate like parts.

In the drawing:

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary side elevational view, partially in section, illustrating the components comprising the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the improved clapper arm comprising the present invention together with the coil mounted frame that supports the clapper arm.

FIG. 3 is a plain view of the support frame and clapper arm shown in FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a transverse, elevational sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal, sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 3, with the clapper arm also shown in phantom outline in an alternate position.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring to FIG. 1 of the drawing, there is shown a single pole, double-throw coaxial switch 10 comprising the present invention. The switch 10 includes a support base 12 and three, coaxial connectors l4, l6 and 18, which are secured to the base 12 such as by a threaded connection, for example. The

central terminals

20, 22 and 24 of the connectors l4, l6 and 18, respectively, extend through

openings

26, 28 and 30, respectively. An elongated cavity 32 is formed in the upper surface of the support base 12 with the free end of each of the

terminals

20, 22 and 24 being located in the cavity 32. The dimensions of the chamber 32 are such that it fonns a wave guide below cut-off with a principal wave guide mode in the operating frequency range of switch 10. Reference may be had to the copending application mentioned above for a fuller discussion of the dimensions of the cavity 32 as well as the operating parameters of the switch 10.

A cover plate 34, that is suitably secured to the top surface of the support base 12, is provided with an elongated recess 36 that is in opposition to the cavity 32. A pair of counterbored holes 38 are formed in tandem along the longitudinal axis of the cover plate 34.

Pins

40a and 40b extend slidably through the counterbored holes 38 with the heads of the

pins

40a and 40b being positioned above the cover plate 34.

Compression springs

42a and 42b are positioned in the counterbored holes 38 about the shanks of the

pins

40a and 40b and beneath the heads thereof so as to normally bias the

pins

40a and 40b in an upward direction. The inner end of the

pins

40a and 40b or the ends opposite the heads thereof have switch contact blades 44a and 44b respectively, secured thereto in any suitable manner. One switch contact blade 44a spans the

terminals

20 and 22 while the adjacent switch contact blade 44b spans the

terminals

22 and 24. Connector 16 is a common connector which is connected altematively to either

connectors

14 and 18, by the switch 10.

The cover plate 34 is also formed with

integral support pads

46 and 48 to which is mounted one leg of an L-shaped support frame 50. A coil 52 is secured to the other leg of the L-shaped support frame 50 by means of a screw 56. The coil 52 is comprised of a bobbin 58 about which is wound an insulated wire coil generally designated by the reference character 60.

For purposes to be described hereinafter, a leaf spring 62 is captured between one end flange of the bobbin 58 and the leg of the L-shaped support frame 50 through which the screw 56 extends.

Reference may now be had to FIGS- 2, 3, 4 and for a more complete description of the L-shaped support frame 50 and the clapper arm that is pivotally mounted thereon. The L-shaped support frame 50 includes a first leg 64 having a counter-sunk hole 66 through which the screw 56 extends. The second leg 68 of the support frame 50 includes several holes 70 that accommodate screws (not shown) by which the support frame 50 is mounted to the

support pads

46 and 48. The free end of the leg 68 is provided with a pair of opposed, laterally extending tabs 72 that are bent downwardly to the position shown in phantom outline in FIG. 2 and in solid outline in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 during the assembly procedure. Holes 74 are formed during the stamping operation in each of the tabs 72.

A clapper arm generally designated by the reference character 76 is mounted on the L-shaped frame utilizing the downwardly bent tabs 72. The clapper member 76 comprises a plate 78 which is normally in spaced opposition to the coil 50.

A leg 80 extends outwardly from the plate 78 and terminates in a transverse shaft 82. At assembly, the tabs 72 are bent downwardly so that the outward ends of the shaft 82 are joumaled therein utilizing the holes 74 for this purpose. A first finger 84 extends outwardly from the plate 78 and a second finger 86 extends outwardly from the transverse shaft 82 in tandem, colinear relationship with the finger 84. As shown in FIG. 1, the first finger 84 is positioned over the top of the pin 40b while the second finger 86 is positioned over the top of the pin 40a. The free end of the leaf spring 62 bears downwardly against the upper surface of the first finger 84 to bias clapper arm 76 in the position shown in FIG. 1. It is apparent that, the spring could also bear against arm in addition to or instead of finger 84, that a coil spring could be substituted for the leaf spring 62, or that some other suitable biasing means could be provided for the clapper arm.

When the coil 52 is energized, the clapper arm 76 is pulled in a direction towards the coil and thus overcomes the force of the leaf spring 62. The clapper arm 76 pivots in a counter-clockwise direction about the shaft 82. The finger 86 thereby depresses the pin 40a working against the force of the spring 42a and thereby brings switch contact blade 44a into electrical contact with the

terminals

20 and 22 of

connectors

14 and 16, respectively. When the clapper arm 76 pivots in the counter-clockwise direction as just described, it will move away from the pin 40b so that the spring 42b will urge the pin 40b in an upward direction, thus moving the switch contact blade 44b from the

terminals

22 and 24 of the

connectors

16 and 18, respectively. When the coil 52 is de-energized, the leaf spring 62 will urge the clapper arm 76 in a clockwise direction and thus return it to the position shown in FIG. 1.

While the switch 10 has been referred to as a coaxial switch and the inputs as coaxial connectors, in the discussion heretofore, the inputs could, in fact, be in the form of coaxial lines and cables, parallel plate lines, strip lines, microstrip, wave guide or any other acceptable transmission line for microwave energy. The term coaxi is thus being used as a generic term for the type of switch involved. The improved clapper arm configuration of this invention might also find application in electrical switches utilized for DC. and selected A.C. applications.

It will be appreciated that an improved clapper arrangement has been provided for a radio frequency coaxial or other electrical switch. The rocker arm and the compression spring used in the prior art are replaced by a simpler, lighter and less expensive support frame and clapper arm that may be fabricated by a stamping operation and assembled by a simple bending operation. The solenoid has been replaced by a coil. By pivoting the actuating arm between the two fingers, balanced forces on the pins and generally superior mechanical movement are obtained. Minor adjustments to compensate for manufacturing and assembly tolerances may be made independently to the two fingers of the clapper arm merely by bending them after assembly, as required.

There has been disclosed heretofore the best embodiment of the invention presently contemplated. However, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An electrical switch having a coil and two contactcontrolling pins, both of which are normally biased to a first position, one of said pins being moved to a second position when said coil is energized, and the other of said pins being moved to said second position when said coil is de-energized, characterized by:

a clapper arm having a first leg with two independently cantilevered fingers, positioned in tandem collinearly with the pins, each of which is adapted to bear against a corresponding one of said pins to move the pin to its second position, and a pivot shaft positioned between said fingers and at substantially right angle thereto; and

a second leg substantially perpendicular to said first leg, said second leg being positioned to be acted upon by said coil when said coil is energized to rotate said arm about said pivot.

2. A switch of the type described in claim 1 including a leaf spring for biasing said arm to move to other of said pins the said second position when said coil is deenergized.

3. A switch of the type described in claim 1 including a frame fixed at one end to said switch and including means at the other end for pivotally supporting the pivot shaft of said clapper arm.

4. A switch of the type described in claim 3 wherein said pivotally supporting means is a pair of laterally spaced tabs having coaxially aligned openings therein, the ends of said pivot shaft being joumaled in the aligned openings of said tabs.

5. A switch of the type described in claim 1 wherein said fingers are adapted to be independently bent to finely adjust the second position of the corresponding pm.

6. An actuating arm for an electrical switch of the type having an energizing coil and two contact-controlling pins, both of which are normally biased to a first position, one of said pins being moved to a second position by said arm when said coil is energized, and the other of said pins being moved to said second position by said arm when said coil is de-energized, said arm comprising:

a first leg having two independently cantilevered fingers collinearly with the pins positioned in tandem, each of which is adapted to bear against a corresponding one of said pins to move the pin to its second position, and a pivot shaft positioned between said fingers; and

a second leg at substantially right angle to said first leg, said second leg being adapted to function as the clapper for said coil.

7. In a microwave, coaxial switch including a base, at

three terminals mounted in tandem in the base, conductive contact blade means positioned in opposition to each two adjacent terminals, each of said blade means being movable between a first position spaced from the terminals, a separate pin means slidably mounted in the base for supporting each of the contact blade means during movement thereof, and actuation means, the energizing of which is operative to control the moving the contact blade means between the first and second positions, the improvement comprising:

a. a support frame mounted on the base; and

b. a clapper arm pivotally mounted on said support frame and responsive to the energizing of the actuation means, said clapper arm including means for exerting a force directly on the pin means to move the contact blade means between the first and second positions, said force exerting means of said clapper arm comprising a first finger posigifnii iin r osiiiii ?8asoS an &i.e r one of the pins, said first and second fingers being positioned in tandem, collinearly with the pins.

8. The improvement in accordance with claim 7 wherein said support frame is a substantially L-shaped member having first and second legs, the actuation means being secured to said first leg, one end of said second leg being used for securing said support frame to the base, the other end of said second leg including means for pivotally supporting said clapper arm.

9. The improvement in accordance with claim 7 wherein said support frame is substantially L-shaped and includes a pair of laterally spaced tabs at one end thereof, said tabs having coaxially aligned openings therein, said clapper arm being substantially L-shaped and having a transverse shaft integral with one leg thereof, the ends of said shaft being joumaled in the aligned openings of said tabs.

10. The improvement in accordance with claim 9 wherein said shaft is intermediate said tandemly positioned fingers and is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis thereof.

11. The improvement in accordance with claim 7 wherein there is further included a spring for exerting a force on one of said fingers in a direction towards the pin associated therewith.

12. An improvement in accordance with claim 10 wherein said spring is a leaf spring having one end secured to said frame.

Claims

1. An electrical switch having a coil and two contactcontrolling pins, both of which are normally biased to a first position, one of said pins being moved to a second position when said coil is energized, and the other of said pins being moved to said second position when said coil is de-energized, characterized by: a clapper arm having a first leg with two independently cantilevered fingers, positioned in tandem collinearly with the pins, each of which is adapted to bear against a corresponding one of said pins to move the pin to its second position, and a pivot shaft positioned between said fingers and at substantially right angle thereto; and a second leg substantially perpendicular to said first leg, said second leg being positioned to be acted upon by said coil when said coil is energized to rotate said arm about said pivot.

2. A switch of the type described in claim 1 including a leaf spring for biasing said arm to move to other of said pins the said second position when said coil is de-energized.

4. A switch of the type described in claim 3 wherein said pivotally supporting means is a pair of laterally spaced tabs having coaxially aligned openings therein, the ends of said pivot shaft being journaled in the aligned openings of said tabs.

5. A switch of the type described in claim 1 wherein said fingers are adapted to be independently bent to finely adjust the second position of the corresponding pin.

6. An actuating arm for an electrical switch of the type having an energizing coil and two contact-controlling pins, both of which are normally biased to a first position, one of said pins being moved to a second position by said arm when said coil is energized, and the other of said pins being moved to said second position by said arm when said coil Is de-energized, said arm comprising: a first leg having two independently cantilevered fingers collinearly with the pins positioned in tandem, each of which is adapted to bear against a corresponding one of said pins to move the pin to its second position, and a pivot shaft positioned between said fingers; and a second leg at substantially right angle to said first leg, said second leg being adapted to function as the clapper for said coil.

7. In a microwave, coaxial switch including a base, at three terminals mounted in tandem in the base, conductive contact blade means positioned in opposition to each two adjacent terminals, each of said blade means being movable between a first position spaced from the terminals, a separate pin means slidably mounted in the base for supporting each of the contact blade means during movement thereof, and actuation means, the energizing of which is operative to control the moving the contact blade means between the first and second positions, the improvement comprising: a. a support frame mounted on the base; and b. a clapper arm pivotally mounted on said support frame and responsive to the energizing of the actuation means, said clapper arm including means for exerting a force directly on the pin means to move the contact blade means between the first and second positions, said force exerting means of said clapper arm comprising a first finger positioned so as to engage one of the pins, and a second finger positioned so as to engage another one of the pins, said first and second fingers being positioned in tandem, collinearly with the pins.

9. The improvement in accordance with claim 7 wherein said support frame is substantially L-shaped and includes a pair of laterally spaced tabs at one end thereof, said tabs having coaxially aligned openings therein, said clapper arm being substantially L-shaped and having a transverse shaft integral with one leg thereof, the ends of said shaft being journaled in the aligned openings of said tabs.