US3678329A - Cathode ray tube - Google Patents

Cathode ray tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US3678329A
US3678329A US48081A US3678329DA US3678329A US 3678329 A US3678329 A US 3678329A US 48081 A US48081 A US 48081A US 3678329D A US3678329D A US 3678329DA US 3678329 A US3678329 A US 3678329A
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United States
Prior art keywords
beams
grid
ray tube
cathode ray
electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US48081A
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English (en)
Inventor
Senri Miyaoka
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Sony Corp
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Sony Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP5189369A external-priority patent/JPS4921981B1/ja
Priority claimed from JP5189269A external-priority patent/JPS4921980B1/ja
Application filed by Sony Corp filed Critical Sony Corp
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Publication of US3678329A publication Critical patent/US3678329A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/462—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement arrangements for interrupting the beam during inoperative periods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/48—Electron guns
    • H01J29/51—Arrangements for controlling convergence of a plurality of beams by means of electric field only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/20—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes for displaying images or patterns in two or more colours
    • H01J31/201—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes for displaying images or patterns in two or more colours using a colour-selection electrode
    • H01J31/203—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes for displaying images or patterns in two or more colours using a colour-selection electrode with more than one electron beam
    • H01J31/206—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes for displaying images or patterns in two or more colours using a colour-selection electrode with more than one electron beam with three coplanar electron beams

Definitions

  • a plurality of electron beams are originated by a beam generating cathode assembly comprising, for example, a plurality of cathodes, and are converged to intersect each other substantially at the optical center of a single main electron lens by which the beams are focused on the color screen, thereby to diminish optical aberrations imparted to the beams in the course of the focusing thereof by the main electron lens.
  • Converging of the beams to intersect each other substantially at the optical center of the main electron lens and simultaneous pre-focusing of the beams are effected by an auxiliary electron lens or the like which is common to all of the beams and located between the cathode assembly and the main electron focusing lens.
  • an auxiliary electron lens or the like which is common to all of the beams and located between the cathode assembly and the main electron focusing lens.
  • the beams are converged to intersect each other substantially at the optical center of the main electron lens, at least certain of the beams emerge from the lens along divergent paths, and pairs of convergence deflecting plates may be arranged along such divergent paths and have voltages applied therebetween to deflect the beams in directions for causing all of the beams to converge at a common point on an apertured beam selecting grill or mask placed adjacent the color screen so as to produce color pictures on the screen.
  • the beams are simultaneously deflected by the magnetic fields resulting from the horizontal and vertical sweep signals applied to corresponding coils of a deflection
  • the second grid plays an important role in forming a potential distribution which is symmetrical with respect to the axis of the gun and which constitutes the common auxiliary electron lens. Accordingly, from the viewpoint of avoidance of distortion of the electric field of the auxiliary electron lens, it is undesirable to divide the second grid into individual second grids to which different voltages are applied. Further, the provision of the independent second grids for the plural beams introduces complexity in the construction of the electron gun.
  • a cathode ray tube ofthe single-gun, plural-beam type is provided with a grid electrode assembly having auxiliary electrodes to which desired potentials are applied. Since the beam cutoff voltage and beam modulating condition are dependent upon the potential difference between the first grid electrode and the auxiliary electrode, they can be changed by controlling the potential applied to the auxiliary electrode. Accordingly, the beam cutoff voltages for the respective beams can be adjusted to a common desired value by supplying the auxiliary electrodes with selected potentials and the beam modulation condition for each beam may be controlled independently of the others without causing distortion in the electron lens by which the beams are converged and/or prefocused.
  • FIG. I is a schematic view showing a prior art single-gun plural-beam cathode ray tube of the type to which this invention may be applied;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the principal part of a plural-beam electron gun and showing one embodiment of this invention incorporated therein;
  • FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 are views similar to that of FIG. 2, but showing other embodiments of the invention.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B and FIGS. 7A and 7B are schematic detail views to which reference will be made in explaining the invention.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are schematic views similar to that of FIG. 2, but showing further modified forms of this invention.
  • the reference character A indicates generally the electron gun, in which three cathodes K K and K are aligned, for example, in a horizontal direction.
  • the gun A further includes a first cup-shaped common grid 0,, a second cup-shaped common grid G and third, fourth and fifth tubular grids G G,'and G sequentially arranged coaxial with the center cathode K,;.
  • the first grid G has apertures g g and g formed therein in alignment with-the cathodes K K and K and the second grid G has apertures g g and g formed therein in alignment with those of the first grid 0,.
  • a voltage of 0-400 V. is applied to the first grid 0,, a voltage ofO to 500 V. is applied to the second grid 0,, a voltage of 13 to 20 KV. is applied to the third and fifth grids G and G and a voltage of0 to 400 V, is applied to the fourth grid 0,.
  • an auxiliary electron lens L is formed between the second and third grids G and G and a main electron lens L is formed by the third, fourth and fifth grids G G, and G approximately at the axial center of the fourth grid G
  • the auxiliary lens L prefocuses the three beams B 8,; and B emitted from the cathodes K,,, K and K and causes the side beams B and B to converge so that they cross or intersect with'the center beam B substantially at the optical center of the main lens L and diverge therefrom.
  • An electrostatic convergence deflecting means C is provided to deflect the side beams B and B
  • the convergence deflecting means C comprises, for example, a pair of opposed shielding plates P and P permitting the passage therebetween of the center beam 8,; and deflector plates Q and Q respectively disposed in opposed relationship to the shielding plates P and P for convergently deflecting the side beams 8,, toward the center beam B
  • the shielding plates P and P are supplied with, for example, an anode voltage V of the cathode ray tube which may be the same as the voltage of the fifth grid G so that the center beam 8 passes undeflected between the plates P and P and impinges on a color screen S.
  • the deflector plates Q and Q are supplied with a convergence voltage V which is lower than the anode voltage V by about 200 to 300 V., so that the beams 8,, and B,, passing between the plates Q and Q are deflected in the manner of an optical prism to be converged on the screen S together with the beam B,,-. In this manner, the three beams B 8,; and B passing through the convergence deflecting means C impinge on the screen S.
  • the screen S is made up of, for example, red, green and blue phosphor strips 5 8,,- and 5,,
  • a beam selecting grid 6 Adjacent the screen S there is provided a beam selecting grid 6,. consisting of grids or slits g, each placed in front of a corresponding array or triplet of the red, green and blue phosphor stripsS S and 8,.
  • the beam selecting electrode G is supplied with a high voltage V,., by which the three beams 8,, B and B are directed between adjacent grids at predetermined incidence angles to land on the red, green and blue phosphor strips 8,, S and 8,.
  • Reference character D designates the electromagnetic deflecting means for deflecting the beams horizontally and vertically so as to scan the screen.
  • FIG. 2 shows one example of the plural-beam electron gun with an embodiment of this invention incorporated therein, it will be seen that those elements corresponding to the gun of F IG. 1 are identified by the same reference characters and will not be further described.
  • auxiliary electrodes G,,,, G,,; and G5, for adjusting cathode cutoff voltages are interposed between the first and second grids G, and G, to respectively influence the beams emitted from the cathodes K,,, K, and K
  • the auxiliary electrodes G,,,, 6' and G,, are supplied with positive potentials V,, V, and V, relative to the cathodes K,,, K,- and K,,, have formed therein apertures g,,,, g' and g,,, in alignment with the cathodes K K and K,,
  • the cutoff voltages of the beams 8,, B and B are dependent upon the potential relationship among the cathodes K K and K the first grid G, and the auxiliary electrodes G, G', and G',,,,. Accordingly, by suitably selecting the potentials V,, V, and V, of the auxiliary electrodes G,,,, G',,; and G,,,, the beam cutoff voltages can be made equal to one another without asymmetrical distortion of the electric field of the auxiliary lens L formed by the second grid 0,. At the same time, the bias voltage levels of the cathodes K K and K, can be made equal to one another, thereby to provide for uniform modulation characteristics of the respective beams. I
  • the shape of the second grid G greatly affects the formation of the auxiliary lens without distortion but its potential Vg, has little influence on the prefocusing of the beams, so that at least one of the auxiliary electrodes, for example, the auxiliary electrode G, may be at the same potential as the second grid 6,.
  • central auxiliary electrode G are maintained at the same potential, it is possible to omit the central auxiliary electrode and to shape the second grid G, to perform the function of the omitted auxiliary electrode for the central beam B as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the side beam cutoff voltages are respectively dependent upon the potential relationship among the cathode K,, the first grid G, and the auxiliary electrode G',,, and the potential relationship among the cathode K,,, the first grid G, and the auxiliary electrodes G',,,,.
  • the central beam cutoff voltage depends upon the potential relationship among the cathode K the fist grid G, and the second grid G Accordingly, by suitable selection of the potentials V,, V, and Vg, of the auxiliary electrodes G,,, and G',,, and the second grid 6,, the cutoff voltages of the respective beams B,,, B and B, can be made equal to one another, thereby to render uniform the beam modulation characteristics for the three beams.
  • the present invention has been described as being applied to an electron gun in which the first grid G, is common to the cathodes K K and K the invention is also applicable to electron guns, such as are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, in which the first grid G, is divided into individual grids respectively corresponding to the cathodes K K and K,,.
  • the respective cathodes and first grids are angularly displaced from each other so as to radiate from, and be equally spaced from the optical center of the main electron lens.
  • auxiliary electrode is provided for the central beam B and the second grid G, is used to perform the function of the'auxiliary electrode for the central beam B in addition to performing the usual function of the second grid for the side beams B, and 8,.
  • the omission of the auxiliary electrode need not be limited specifically to the central beam but, instead, the auxiliary electrode for any one of the beams may be omitted.
  • the plural-beam electron gun has the auxiliary electrodes for rendering the beam cutoff voltages and the beam modulation characteristics uniform interposed between the first grid G, and the second grid G, for providing an axially symmetrical potential distribution, and the potentials of the auxiliary electrodes and the second grid are different from each other, an electron lens is formed between the second grid and the auxiliary electrodes by the potential relationship therebetween which exerts an influence upon the angles of divergence of the beams from the auxiliary electrodes.
  • the potential relationship between the second grid and the auxiliary electrodes may influence the divergent angles of the beams in two different ways according to the arrangement and construction of the auxiliary electrodes.
  • the auxiliary electrode G, interposed between the first and second grids G, and G is placed near the former, as depicted in H6. 6, the potential relationship between electrode G, and grid G, will have one influence, and when the auxiliary electrode G, interposed between the first and second grids G, and G, is located further from grid G, the potential relationship between electrode G, and grid G, will have the opposite influence, as shown on FIG. 7.
  • the beams diverge at an angle 0, smaller than the angle 0,, in the case of V V,, as shown on H6. 68.
  • the beams pass through only a relatively small central area of the main electronlens L, near the optical axis of the lens so as to be focused with minimal aberration and thereby permit the bright spot formed on the screen to be reduced in diameter.
  • the potential V, of the auxiliary electrode G be higher than the potential Vg, of the second grid G, in order to improve the focusing characteristics.
  • the potential V, of the auxiliary electrode G being lower than the potential Vg, of the second grid 0,, causes the beam to diverge at an angle 0, smaller than divergence angle 0 that results when V, V3,, as illustrated in FIG. 7A.
  • the divergence angle 0, is then greater than the angle 0 as shown in FIG. 78. Accordingly, in the case where the auxiliary electrode G, is located substantially midway between the first and second grids G, and G, as depicted in FIGS. 7A and 7B, it is preferred that the potential V, of the auxiliary electrode G, be lower than the potential Vg, of the second grid G, for obtaining optimum beam focusing characteristics.
  • auxiliary electrodes 0' and G are provided for both side beams and no auxiliary electrode is provided for the central beam, but instead the second grid G is formed to partially project toward the first grid G as depicted in FIGS. 3, 4 and 5, there is the possibility that, when the voltages of the second grid G and the auxiliary electrodes 6' andG' are adjusted for making the respective beam current cutoff voltages uniform, the potential relationship between the second grid G and each of the auxiliary electrodes 6' and 6' may not be in accordance with the preferred relationships described above.
  • auxiliary electrodes G and 0' are disposed near to the first grid G, for attaining optimum focusing characteristics with respect to the related beam, for example, as in FIG. 6B.
  • the attainment of uniform beam current cutoff voltages requires any one of the auxiliary electrodes G and 6' to be at a potential less than the potential Vg of the second grid G then such auxiliary electrode is disposed at a relatively large distance from first grid 0,, for example, midway between grids G and G for attaining optimum focusing characteristics with respect to the related beam, as shown on FIG. 7A.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate further examples of this invention, in which individual first grids G G and G are respectively provided for the cathodes K K and K and auxiliary electrodes 6' and 6' are respectively interposed between the first grids G and G and the second grid G
  • the divergence angle of each of the side beams is made smaller than that when the potentials V, and V are equal to each other, specifically by positioning the auxiliary electrodes 0' and G' between the first and second grids G, and G at locations near to first grid 0,, as previously described.
  • distance D between the central cathode K and the first grid G is made shorter than the corresponding distances between the side cathodes K and K, and their respective first grids G and G or the aperture g of the central first grid 0, is formed with a diameter greater than the diameters of apertures g and g of the side first grids G and G
  • the relative decrease in the distance D, or the relative increase in the size of aperture g serves to increase the central beam cutoff voltage.
  • auxiliary electrodes 0' and G' are greater than the potential of second grid 0., and this relationship would otherwise cause the side beam cutoff voltages to be greater than the center beam cutoff voltage, relatively decreasing the distance D,, or relatively increasing the size of aperture g can serve to equalize the beam cutoff voltages for the three beams.
  • the divergence angle of each of the side beams is made smaller than that when the potentials V and Vg are equal to each other, by disposing the auxiliary electrodes G' and G' substantially midway between the first and second grids G and (3,, as described above, and further in that case the distance D between the central cathode K and the first grid G is made longer than the corresponding distances between the side cathodes K and K and their respective first grids G and G as depicted in FIG.
  • the aperture of the central first grid G is made smaller than the apertures g and g of the side first grids G and G
  • either the relative increase in the distance D or the relative decrease in the size of the aperture g serves to decrease the central beam cutoff voltage.
  • relatively increasing the distance D, or relatively decreasing the size of aperture g can serve to bring down the center beam cutoff voltage to be equal to the adjusted side beam cutoff voltages.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising: I
  • Beam producing means to form a plurality of separately modulatable electron beams to impinge on said screen after intersecting each other at a location in the tube between said beam producing means and said screen, said beam producing means comprising:
  • cathode means emitting the electrons to form said beams
  • a grid electrode assembly for controlling the electron beams, said grid electrode assembly comprising: a. a first grid electrode, b. a second grid electrode arranged to act on each of said beams, and c. auxiliary electrode means arranged between said first and second grid electrodes in the path of at least one of said beams and having a voltage applied thereto which is related to the potentials of said first and second grid electrodes for achieving independent control of the modulating conditions for said beams; and
  • Electron lens means common to all of said beams and comprising main focusing lens means positioned to dispose the optical center thereof substantially at said location in the tube, said lens means comprising a plurality of electrodes arranged between said grid electrode assembly and said screen.
  • a cathode ray tube in which there are three of said electron beams directed by said beam producing means in a common plane, said auxiliary electrode means includes an auxiliary electrode for each of said three beams, and the voltage applied to the auxiliary electrode for the central one of said three beams is the same as the potential of said second grid electrode.
  • a cathode ray tube in which said plurality of electron beams consists of a central beam and two side beams directed by said beam producing means in a common plane, and said auxiliary electrode means consists of an auxiliary electrode only for each of said side beams.
  • a cathode ray tube in which said second grid electrode has a central projection extending toward said first grid electrode through which said central beam passes.
  • a cathode ray tube in which there are independent cathode means and an independent first grid electrode for each of said beams, said voltage applied to each auxiliary electrode is different from said potential of said second grid electrode, and said cathode means and first grid electrode for said central beam are arranged relative to each IOIO45 0457 other to provide said central beam with a cutofi' voltage that is equal to the cutoff voltage for each of said side beams.
  • a cathode ray tube in which said voltage applied to each said auxiliary electrode is greater than said potential of said second grid electrode.
  • a cathode ray tube in which said cathode means for said central beam is disposed closer to the respective first grid electrode than are the cathode means and said first grid electrodes for the side beams.
  • a cathode ray tube in which said first grid electrodes have apertures fog the passage of the respective beams therethrough, and the aperture of said first grid electrode for said central beam is of greater size than the apertures of the first grid electrodes for the side beams.
  • a cathode ray tube in which said first grid electrodes have apertures for the passage of the respective beams therethrough, and the aperture of said first grid electrode for said central beam is of smaller size than the apertures of the first grid electrodes for the side beams.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
  • Electrodes For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
US48081A 1969-06-30 1970-06-22 Cathode ray tube Expired - Lifetime US3678329A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5189369A JPS4921981B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-06-30 1969-06-30
JP5189269A JPS4921980B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-06-30 1969-06-30

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US3678329A true US3678329A (en) 1972-07-18

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US48081A Expired - Lifetime US3678329A (en) 1969-06-30 1970-06-22 Cathode ray tube

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US (1) US3678329A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2030384A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2053946A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1289419A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL150264B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4686420A (en) * 1984-07-26 1987-08-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electron gun
US4712043A (en) * 1984-02-20 1987-12-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electron gun with large aperture auxiliary electrode
US4871949A (en) * 1987-01-23 1989-10-03 Albert Abramson Cathode ray tube
US20030214261A1 (en) * 2002-05-15 2003-11-20 Ji Hyun Kim Color image display device

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4922166A (en) * 1986-06-30 1990-05-01 Sony Corporation Electron gun for multigun cathode ray tube
JPH0766751B2 (ja) * 1986-06-30 1995-07-19 ソニー株式会社 電子銃装置

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2862144A (en) * 1958-03-21 1958-11-25 Gen Dynamics Corp Simplified system for character selection in a shaped beam tube
US2888606A (en) * 1956-08-27 1959-05-26 Rca Corp Modulation control for cathode ray tubes
US2935642A (en) * 1957-07-22 1960-05-03 Rca Corp Electron gun
US3028521A (en) * 1956-12-21 1962-04-03 Zenith Radio Corp Image-reproducting device
US3289034A (en) * 1961-05-24 1966-11-29 Philips Corp Cathode-ray tube having an auxiliary electrode between the control grid and the anode electrode
US3417199A (en) * 1963-10-24 1968-12-17 Sony Corp Cathode ray device
US3514663A (en) * 1967-01-14 1970-05-26 Sony Corp Cathode ray tube

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2888606A (en) * 1956-08-27 1959-05-26 Rca Corp Modulation control for cathode ray tubes
US3028521A (en) * 1956-12-21 1962-04-03 Zenith Radio Corp Image-reproducting device
US2935642A (en) * 1957-07-22 1960-05-03 Rca Corp Electron gun
US2862144A (en) * 1958-03-21 1958-11-25 Gen Dynamics Corp Simplified system for character selection in a shaped beam tube
US3289034A (en) * 1961-05-24 1966-11-29 Philips Corp Cathode-ray tube having an auxiliary electrode between the control grid and the anode electrode
US3417199A (en) * 1963-10-24 1968-12-17 Sony Corp Cathode ray device
US3514663A (en) * 1967-01-14 1970-05-26 Sony Corp Cathode ray tube

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4712043A (en) * 1984-02-20 1987-12-08 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electron gun with large aperture auxiliary electrode
US4686420A (en) * 1984-07-26 1987-08-11 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Electron gun
US4871949A (en) * 1987-01-23 1989-10-03 Albert Abramson Cathode ray tube
US20030214261A1 (en) * 2002-05-15 2003-11-20 Ji Hyun Kim Color image display device
US6798155B2 (en) * 2002-05-15 2004-09-28 Lg. Philips Display Co., Ltd. Color image display device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7009340A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-01-04
DE2030384A1 (de) 1971-01-14
FR2053946A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-16
GB1289419A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-20
NL150264B (nl) 1976-07-15

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