US3678188A - Method for recording a photographic density - Google Patents

Method for recording a photographic density Download PDF

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Publication number
US3678188A
US3678188A US74426A US3678188DA US3678188A US 3678188 A US3678188 A US 3678188A US 74426 A US74426 A US 74426A US 3678188D A US3678188D A US 3678188DA US 3678188 A US3678188 A US 3678188A
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Prior art keywords
density
recording
photographic
discriminator
curves
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Expired - Lifetime
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US74426A
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English (en)
Inventor
Minoru Okumura
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Konica Minolta Inc
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Konica Minolta Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/59—Transmissivity
    • G01N21/5907—Densitometers
    • G01N21/5911—Densitometers of the scanning type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in the method for recording a photographic density, in which the photographic density of an image is recorded by depicting equi-density curves.
  • the method 'for recording a photographic density by means of equi-density curves is advantageous in that the density distribution of an image can be detennined at a glance.
  • two adjacent equi-density curves cannot indicate which one represents the higher density and which one represent the lower density. Therefore, from a group of equidensity curves arranged concentrically, one cannot determine whether the portion of pattern represents a hill of density or a valey of density.
  • an object of the present invention is to overcome the aforementioned disadvantages in the prior art.
  • One feature of the present invention is to provide a method for recording a photographic density in which equi-density curves are depicted by plotting the points having equal densities while two-dimensionally scanning a photographic image, characterized in that alternate equi'density curves are depicted with different kinds of lines, and that one equi-density curve corresponding to one particular density value serving as a reference is depicted with a line distinguishable from the other curves.
  • Another feature of the present invention is to provide the above-featured method, further characterized in that said alternate equi-density curves are depicted with lines of different depths in color.
  • Still another feature of the present invention is to provide the above-featured method, further characterized in that said one equi-density curve is depicted with a line consisting of a series of pairs of dots for the respective plotting points, while said the other curves are depicted with a line consisting of a series of individual dots for the respective plotting points.
  • Yet another feature of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for recording a photographic density according to the above-featured method, comprising means for detecting a photographic density at each minute area on a photographic film, a recording sheet, means for recording a dot at each minute area on said recording sheet, synchronous scanning means for making said detecting means scan over said photographic film two-dimensionally and for making said recording means scan over said recording sheet two-dimensionally so that the corresponding points on said photographic'film and said recording sheet, respectively, may bescanned simultaneously with said detecting means and said recording means,
  • a plurality of discriminator means each having its input connected to the output of said detecting means for responding to a predetermined level of output signal from said detecting means to produce a discriminator output signal, a first amplifier having a higher amplification factor connected to alternate ones of sald discriminator means and responsive to alternate ones of said predetermined levels of output signal from said detecting means for producing an impulse having a higher amplitude, a second amplifier having a lower amplification factor connected to the remaining alternate ones of said discriminator means and responsive to the remaining alternate ones of said predetermined levels of output signal from said detecting means for producing an impulse having a lower amplitude, a third amplifier connected to particular one of said discriminator means in place of said first or second amplifier and responsive to particular one of said predetermined levels of output signal serving as a reference level for producing a pair of impulses, and means connected to all of the outputs of said first, second and third amplifiers and responsive to the impulse applied thereto for supplying an appropriate intensity of actuating signal to said recording means.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram representing a photographic density distribution along a straight line on a photographic film by means of an X-Y coordinate system
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of the photographic densitydistribution in FIG. 1 represented by means of equi-density curves according to the method in the prior art, line I-I in this pattern corresponding to said straight line in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram representing another photographic density distribution along a straight line on a photographic film by means of an X-Y coordinate system
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram of the photographic density distribution in FIG. 3 represented by means of equi-density curves according'to the method of the present invention, line IIIIII in this pattern corresponding to said straight line in FIG. 3,
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram representing still another photographic density distribution along a straight line on a photographic film by means of an X-Y coordinate system
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram of the photographic density distribution in FIG. 5 represented by means of equi-density curves according to the method of the present invention, line V-V in this pattern corresponding to said straight line in FIG. 5,
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view partially in a block form of a photographic density recording apparatus employing the method of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the details of a voltage discriminator in the photographic density recording apparatus in FIG. 7 together with a discharge recorder in the same apparatus.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 of the drawings a photographic density distribution and the corresponding equi-density curves depicted according to the prior art method are shown in order to illustrate the disadvantage of the prior art method.
  • the photographic density distribution along a certain straight line as illustrated in FIG. 1, may be represented, for example, by the equi-density curves in FIG. 2, assuming that the density distribution in FIG. I is taken along a straight line I-I passing through the center points A and B, respectively, of the two groups of concentric curves in FIG. 2.
  • the same assumption is also true for FIGS. 3 and 4, and for FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 a photographic density recording apparatus employing the method of the present invention as illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8 will be explained, and the correspondence between the density distribution and the equi-density curves obtained according to the present invention as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 as well as in FIGS. 5 and 6 will be explained later.
  • FIG. 7 generally shows a photographic density recording apparatus embodying the present invention, in which the apparatus for measuring the photographic density and recording the same consists of a light projector l, a photometer 2, a voltage discriminator 3, a discharge recorder 4, and a discharge recording sheet 5.
  • a photographic film 6 whose photographic density is to be measured, is placed between the light projector l and the photometer 2, and the photographic film 6 and recording sheet 5 are moved while maintaining a predetermined mutual positional relation.
  • the photographic film 6 is scanned two-dimensionally by the light projector 1 and the photometer 2 in combination to generate a voltage corresponding to the photographic density of the photographic film 6 from'the photometer 2.
  • This voltage is discriminated by the voltage discriminator 3 so that a signal may be generated from the voltage discriminator 3 and fed to the discharge recorder 4 when the voltage coincide with voltages preset in the voltage discriminator 3.
  • This output signal is converted by the discharge recorder 4 into a voltage adapted for discharge recording to record the signal on the recording sheet 5.
  • reference numerals 7,, 7 7 7 and 7 represent voltage discriminator circuitries, respectively
  • reference numerals 8, 9 and 10 represent preamplifier circuits, respectively
  • reference numeral 11 represents an amplifier
  • reference numeral 12 represents a discharge recording stylus.
  • the preamplifier circuit 8 is a circuit for amplifying the signal from the discriminator circuitry 7 or 7 but has a higher amplification factor, and accordingly, the discharge record made by the signal from the discriminator circuitry 7, or 7,, is so intense that the depth in color of the dots plotted on the recording sheet 5 through this channel is large.
  • the preamplifier circuit 9 is a circuit for amplifying the signal from the discriminator circuitry 7 or 7 but has a lower amplification factor, and accordingly, the depth in color of the dots on the recording sheet 5 plotted in accordance with the output of the discriminator circuitry 7 or 7 is small.
  • the preamplifier 10 is an amplifier circuit for processing and amplifying the output signal from the discriminator circuitry 7 so as to produce two amplified pulses. Therefore, upon discharge recording due to the pulse from the preamplifier 10, in response to the output signal from the discriminator circuit 7 two dots are recorded on the recording sheet 6.
  • the discriminator circuitries 7,, 7 7 7 and 7 are preset so that they may generate a signal in response to the photographic densities l, 2, 3, 4 and 5, respectively, in FIGS. 3 and 5.
  • the method for recording by means of the discriminator illustrated in FIG. 8 is the method in which the equi-density curves are depicted so as to have different depths in color alternately and also in which one of the group of equidensity curves is made distinguishable from the other curves.
  • FIGS. 4 and 6 represent equi-density curves depicted accordigg to the method of the present invention.
  • the pattern in FIG. shows equl-denslty curves representing a density distribution having two hills as illustrated in FIG. 3. Since the reference curve a which is distinguishable from the other curves a a a and a exists as two loops corresponding to the two hills in FIG. 3, it is possible to read out the density distribution illustrated in FIG. 3 on the basis of the equi-density curves in FIG. 4.
  • the pattern in FIG. 6 shows equi-density curve representing a density distribution having a hill on the left side and a valey on the right side as illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • equi-density curve representing a density distribution having a hill on the left side and a valey on the right side as illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the loop of a reference curve b exists on the left side only, it is possible to read out the density distribution illustrated in FIG. 5 on the basis of the equi-density curves in FIG. 6.
  • the plotter is preset so that the reference curves a and b may correspond to a known density, and if the difference in density between the adjacent equi-density curves is predetennined, then it is possible to read out the density at the respective points quantitatively from FIG. 4 or 6 by counting the number of the curves starting from the reference curve to the point in question.
  • the correspondence between the reference curve a or 12 and a particular density value can be altered as by changing the connection between the discriminator circuitry 7 7 7 7 or 7 and the preamplifier circuit 10.
  • the alteration of the correspondence may be conveniently carried out in accordance with the general density of the photographic film whose photographic density is to be measured, from a practical point of view.
  • the present invention enables to determine the density distribution without errors, and also provides a method for recording a photographic density which enables a quantitative determination of the density, and thus it proves to be an industrially very useful invention.
  • An apparatus for recording a photographic density comprising means for detecting a photographic density at each minute area on a photographic film, a recording sheet, means for recording a dot at each minute area on said recording sheet, synchronous scanning means for making said detecting means scan over said photographic film two-dimensionally and for making said recording means scan over said recording sheet two-dimensionally so that the corresponding points on said photographic film and said recording sheet, respectively, may be scanned simultaneously with said detecting means and said recording means, respectively, a plurality of discriminator means each having its input connected to the output of said detecting means for responding to one of a series of predetermined distinctive levels of output signal, a first amplifier having a higher amplification factor connected to alternate ones of said discriminator means and responsive to alternate ones of said predetermined levels of output signal from said detecting means for producing an impulse having a higher amplitude, a second amplifier having a lower amplification factor connected to the remaining alternate ones of said discriminator means and responsive to the remaining alternate ones of said predetermined levels of output signal from said detecting means for producing an impulse

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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US74426A 1969-10-04 1970-09-22 Method for recording a photographic density Expired - Lifetime US3678188A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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JP7896769 1969-10-04

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US3678188A true US3678188A (en) 1972-07-18

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DE (1) DE2048896A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1295505A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3777552A (en) * 1971-11-09 1973-12-11 Wages C Ultrasonic scanning system for in-place inspection of brazed tube joints
US3936598A (en) * 1974-02-14 1976-02-03 John Henry Newitt Electronic image density analysis
US4229764A (en) * 1978-07-03 1980-10-21 Michael Danos Visibility expander
US5753930A (en) * 1996-05-17 1998-05-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Device for translating negative film image to a line scan

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3119919A (en) * 1961-01-30 1964-01-28 Daystrom Inc Apparatus for the removal of portions of deposited metal films
US3214515A (en) * 1958-11-24 1965-10-26 Eberline Instr Corp Image contour plotter
US3354266A (en) * 1964-05-25 1967-11-21 North American Aviation Inc Isophote converter
US3503689A (en) * 1965-10-18 1970-03-31 Technical Operations Inc Microdensitometer
US3549887A (en) * 1965-12-27 1970-12-22 Picker Corp Scintillation scanning for producing both black and white multi-color photographic records

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3214515A (en) * 1958-11-24 1965-10-26 Eberline Instr Corp Image contour plotter
US3119919A (en) * 1961-01-30 1964-01-28 Daystrom Inc Apparatus for the removal of portions of deposited metal films
US3354266A (en) * 1964-05-25 1967-11-21 North American Aviation Inc Isophote converter
US3503689A (en) * 1965-10-18 1970-03-31 Technical Operations Inc Microdensitometer
US3549887A (en) * 1965-12-27 1970-12-22 Picker Corp Scintillation scanning for producing both black and white multi-color photographic records

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3777552A (en) * 1971-11-09 1973-12-11 Wages C Ultrasonic scanning system for in-place inspection of brazed tube joints
US3936598A (en) * 1974-02-14 1976-02-03 John Henry Newitt Electronic image density analysis
US4229764A (en) * 1978-07-03 1980-10-21 Michael Danos Visibility expander
US5753930A (en) * 1996-05-17 1998-05-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Device for translating negative film image to a line scan

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DE2048896A1 (de) 1971-04-22
GB1295505A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-08

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