US3677051A - Method and apparatus for rolling gear teeth or the like - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for rolling gear teeth or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
US3677051A
US3677051A US35425A US3677051DA US3677051A US 3677051 A US3677051 A US 3677051A US 35425 A US35425 A US 35425A US 3677051D A US3677051D A US 3677051DA US 3677051 A US3677051 A US 3677051A
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United States
Prior art keywords
masters
blank
teeth
cones
diameter
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Expired - Lifetime
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US35425A
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English (en)
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Ernst Schmidt
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
    • B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49462—Gear making
    • Y10T29/49467—Gear shaping
    • Y10T29/49471—Roll forming

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Cylindrical metallic blanks are provided with rolled gear teeth
  • Foreign Application Priority Data May 12, I969 or splines by passing lengthwise between equidistant bevel gear shaped masters whose axes are inclined with reference to the axes of the blanks and which are mounted in a su 22 2 8 091 9 .lsslis Wflh 79 %9 .22l2 5 B I w "79 2 w n 7 t u t 3 m I 2 "i 7 "5 n "9 m ms w u 7 a u u m m m R m L l o d 5 M U be. 1 1.] l 2 8 6 5 55 5 .l [.l
  • the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for rolling gear teeth, splines or the like into metallic blanks.
  • a drawback of the conventional method is that the workpiece must be prepared in a preceding operation. Furthermore, axial movement of the revolving master calmes the edges of the master to remove shavings from the adjacent surfaces of the workpiece.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved method of rolling gear teeth, splines or like projections on metallic blanks.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method according to which relatively deep tooth spaces or grooves can be formed in metallic blanks without any removal of material and in a time-saving operation.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a novel apparatus for the practice of the above-outlined method and to construct and assemble the apparatus in such a way that it can be rapidly and conveniently converted for rolling of different types and/or sizes of gear teeth, splines or the like.
  • An additional object of the invention is to provide novel and improved masters for use in such apparatus.
  • An ancillary object of the invention is to provide a method of mass-producing disk-shaped gears by rolling of gear teeth into metallic blanks without removal of metallic material.
  • the method of my invention is employed for rolling into the external surface of a cylindrical blank an annulus of gear teeth (this term is intended to embrace gear teeth and splines) wherein the mean between the outer diameter and the root diameter of such annulus at least approximates the diameter of the external surface on the blank.
  • the method comprises the steps of I moving the blank axially toward and through a rolling sta tion,
  • the cones formed by the top lands of teeth on the masters are located ahead of the smaller-diameter ends, as considered in the direction of travel of the blank, that b. the distance between the axis of the blank and the larger-diameter ends of the crown cones slightly exceeds the radius of the blank, that c. the distance between the smaller-diameter ends of the crown cones and the axis of the blank at least approximates half the root diameter of the annulus of gear teeth to be formed on the blank, and that d.
  • the distance between the axis of the blank and the smaller-diameter ends of the root cones of the masters slightly exceeds halfthe outer diameter of the annulus of gear teeth to be formed on the blank
  • the blank may constitute a cylindrical bar and the method may comprise the additional step of subdividing the thus rolled bar into discrete gears, e.g., into substantially diskshaped gears.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic partly elevational and partly sectional view of an apparatus which embodies one form of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of a master
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the master shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an apparatus which is employed for rolling an annulus 7 of gear teeth, splines or like projections into the external surface of a cylindrical rodshaped blank I.
  • the latter is advanced axially in the direction indicated by arrow Is by means of a mechanism I00 of any known design; such mechanism may include, for example, several sets of driven rolls of the type often employed in shaving machines for tubes or the like.
  • the apparatus further comprises a ring-shaped support 4 which is rotatable about the axis A of the advancing blank I and is located at a rolling station.
  • the support 4 serves as a carrier for at least two equidistant bevel gear shaped masters 2 whose axes 3 are coplanar and made an acute angle with the axis A of the blank 1.
  • the teeth 9 of the masters 2 have top lands or crowns which define a so called crown cone [0 and the roots of such teeth define a socalled root cone [1.
  • the larger-diameter ends of the cones 10, II are located ahead of the respective smaller-diameter ends, as considered in the direction of travel of the blank 1 (arrow la).
  • the front end face Ia of the blank I approaches the rolling station, it enters the space between the masters 2 in the region of the larger-diameter ends 6 of the crown cones 10.
  • the mechanism feeds the blank 1 lengthwise and the support 4 causes the masters 2 to orbit about the axis A.
  • the masters 2 rotate about their own axes 3.
  • the means for rotating the support 4 may comprise a ring gear 14 which is provided on the periphery of the support and meshes with a motor-driven pinion, not shown.
  • the annulus 7 of teeth or splines which are formed in the blank 1 by the teeth 9 of the masters 2 is shown in the righthand portion of FIG. I.
  • This annulus has an outer diameter K, a root diameter 0 and a mean diameter M which equals or approximates the diameter of the blank I.
  • the finished portion of the blank I is denoted by the reference character I.
  • profile of the finished portion 1' equals or resembles the profile of the smaller-diameter ends of masters 2.
  • the masters 2 are disposed diametrically opposite each other (because the support 4 is provided with only two masters). Their positioning in the support 4 is such that the distance between the axis A and the larger-diameter ends 6 of the crown cones l slightly exceeds the radius of the blank 1 and that the distance between the axis A and the smallerdiameter ends 5 of the crown cones l0 equals half the root diameter G. The distance between the axis A and the smallerdiameter ends of the root cones l1 slightly exceeds half the outer diameter K.
  • the front end face If of a freshly introduced blank 1 meets the teeth 9 of the masters in the region of the larger-diameter ends 6 of the crown cones 10.
  • the support 4 resembles a disk and is designed to take up most of the stresses transmitted by the masters 2. Such stresses are balanced because the two masters are mounted diametrically opposite each other.
  • the apparatus may comprise more than two (for example, three or four) masters which are preferably equidistant from each other.
  • the rotary movements of masters 2 are synchronized in such a way that the teeth 9 of the lower master 2 shown in FIG. 1 enter the depressions formed in the external surface of the blank 1 by the teeth 9 of the lower upper master 2, and vice versa.
  • the synchronizing means may include bevel gears one of which is indicated in the lower part of FIG. I, as at 101.
  • the mechanism 100 may be stationary or it may be designed to move with the blank 1 toward the rolling station.
  • the apparatus preferably further comprises means (indicated by arrows 102) for changing the inclination of the axes 3 of the masters 2 with reference to the axis A of the blank I, and means (indicated by arrows 103) for moving the masters radially toward and away from the axis A.
  • means indicated by arrows 102 for changing the inclination of the axes 3 of the masters 2 with reference to the axis A of the blank I, and means (indicated by arrows 103) for moving the masters radially toward and away from the axis A.
  • the finished workpiece l of FIG. 1 can be severed at right angles to its axis to yield a series of discrete gears, e.g., substantially disk-shaped gears whose axial length is a small fraction of the outer diameter K.
  • the diameter K exceeds the diameter (M) of the blank 1.
  • the material which is displaced by the teeth 9 of the masters 2 is not lost but is used to form a finished portion l' whose maximum transverse dimension (K) is greater than the diameter of external surface on the blank.
  • Another advantage of the improved method and apparatus is that the flow lines in the material of the product 1' are uninterrupted and that the teeth 9 insure a highly satisfactory surface finish on the finished product.
  • the peripheral speed of the materialengaging portions of all masters always corresponds to circumferential speed of the deformed regions of the workpiece.
  • the aforedescribed mounting of masters 2 in the support 4 insures that, during the formation of teeth on the blank I, the pitch diameter of such teeth decreases at the same rate as the diameters of cones 10, 11 on the masters 2.
  • the manner in which the support 4 can rotate with the masters 2 is similar to that in which the tools are mounted in a milling or knurling head.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate in greater detail a bevel gear shaped master 2 which can be utilized in the apparatus of the present invention.
  • This master is provided with pointed teeth 9 which can be used to roll in a cylindrical rod-shaped workpiece splines separated by grooves of tri-angular cross-sectional outline.
  • the angle alpha between the axis 3 and the top lands or ridges of teeth 9 is preferably between 5 and 25 degrees, most preferably less than 20 degrees.
  • the improved apparatus is susceptible of many further modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention.
  • the support 4 may remain stationary if the blank 1 is caused to rotate about the axis A while it moves lengthwise (arrow la). It is also possible to rotate the blank 1 about the axis A while the support 4 rotates about the same axis.
  • the apparatus may comprise means for positively driving one or more masters whereby the support automatically compels all of the masters to orbit about the axis A.
  • Apparatus for rolling into the external surfaces of cylindrical blanks an annulus of teeth comprising means for advancing the blanks lengthwise so that the axes of the blanks move along a predetermined path; a support adjacent to a portion of said path; at least two bevel gear shaped masters mounted on said support for rotation about axes which are inclined with reference to said path, each of said masters having teeth whose roots form a first cone and whose crowns form a second cone, each of said cones having a smaller-diameter end and a larger-diameter end and the distance between the larger-diameter ends of said second cones and said path slightly exceeding the radius of a blank, the distance between the smaller-diameter ends of said second cones and said path at least approximating one-half the mean between the outer and root diameters of said annulus and the distance between the smaller-diameter ends of said first cones and said path being at least equal to half the outer diameter of said annulus, said larger-diameter ends being

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear Processing (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
US35425A 1969-05-12 1970-05-07 Method and apparatus for rolling gear teeth or the like Expired - Lifetime US3677051A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1924067A DE1924067C3 (de) 1969-05-12 1969-05-12 Wälz- oder Abrollvorrichtung zum spanlosen Herstellen der Zahnung an Zahnrädern, Vielnutwellen, kerbverzahnten Wellen od. dgl

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3677051A true US3677051A (en) 1972-07-18

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US35425A Expired - Lifetime US3677051A (en) 1969-05-12 1970-05-07 Method and apparatus for rolling gear teeth or the like

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3677051A (de)
JP (1) JPS4835147B1 (de)
AT (1) AT296722B (de)
CH (1) CH512285A (de)
DE (1) DE1924067C3 (de)
ES (1) ES380287A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2047560A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1310938A (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4646549A (en) * 1983-03-22 1987-03-03 Osg Mfg. Co. Apparatus for rolling a cylindrical blank
US5301528A (en) * 1991-03-05 1994-04-12 Langstein & Schemann Gmbh Device for manufacturing toothed pulleys

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4132098A (en) * 1977-05-27 1979-01-02 Southwestern Industries, Inc. Cold-rolling of large diameter gears
JPS6327685U (de) * 1986-08-06 1988-02-23

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1558086A (en) * 1922-12-23 1925-10-20 Charles O Gustavsen Machine for rolling gears
US1830278A (en) * 1929-03-07 1931-11-03 Kocks Fritz Rolling mill
US2934980A (en) * 1955-11-11 1960-05-03 Grob Theodore Metal rolling machine
US3323339A (en) * 1963-10-30 1967-06-06 Phelps Dodge Copper Prod Method and apparatus for corrugating tubes
US3394570A (en) * 1964-05-16 1968-07-30 Frank F. Erdelyi Apparatus for producing teeth on cylindrical bodies by rolling

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1558086A (en) * 1922-12-23 1925-10-20 Charles O Gustavsen Machine for rolling gears
US1830278A (en) * 1929-03-07 1931-11-03 Kocks Fritz Rolling mill
US2934980A (en) * 1955-11-11 1960-05-03 Grob Theodore Metal rolling machine
US3323339A (en) * 1963-10-30 1967-06-06 Phelps Dodge Copper Prod Method and apparatus for corrugating tubes
US3394570A (en) * 1964-05-16 1968-07-30 Frank F. Erdelyi Apparatus for producing teeth on cylindrical bodies by rolling

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4646549A (en) * 1983-03-22 1987-03-03 Osg Mfg. Co. Apparatus for rolling a cylindrical blank
US5301528A (en) * 1991-03-05 1994-04-12 Langstein & Schemann Gmbh Device for manufacturing toothed pulleys

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4835147B1 (de) 1973-10-26
GB1310938A (en) 1973-03-21
ES380287A1 (es) 1972-09-01
DE1924067A1 (de) 1971-06-16
AT296722B (de) 1972-02-25
DE1924067B2 (de) 1974-03-07
FR2047560A5 (de) 1971-03-12
CH512285A (de) 1971-09-15
DE1924067C3 (de) 1974-10-10
SU367580A3 (de) 1973-01-23

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