US3676016A - Controllable pitch propellers - Google Patents

Controllable pitch propellers Download PDF

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Publication number
US3676016A
US3676016A US73915A US3676016DA US3676016A US 3676016 A US3676016 A US 3676016A US 73915 A US73915 A US 73915A US 3676016D A US3676016D A US 3676016DA US 3676016 A US3676016 A US 3676016A
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United States
Prior art keywords
piston
crankpins
cylinder
plate
controllable pitch
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Expired - Lifetime
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US73915A
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English (en)
Inventor
Arne Feroy
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/06—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical
    • B63H3/08—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid
    • B63H3/081—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft
    • B63H3/082—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft the control element being axially reciprocatable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00—Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/54—Mechanisms for controlling blade adjustment or movement relative to rotor head, e.g. lag-lead movement

Definitions

  • crank loading because the manufacturing accuracy necessary to make the various linkages equal in length (an absolute requirement in obtaining equal crank loading in such mechanisms) is impossible to obtain. Manufacturing inaccuracies in such mechanisms result in placing most or all of the load onto one crankpin causing the mechanisms to bind and become unworkable.
  • a mechanical blade-turning double crank mechanism having self-aligning connections between an axially movable control member and one set of crankpins is known to provide equal loading on the crankpins.
  • Such mechanism is located external of the hydraulic cylinder which operates it and contains many parts.
  • the principal object of this invention is to provide in a controllable pitch propeller, a simplified double crank blade-turning mechanism having a pivotable piston with self-aligning connections to one set of crankpins to provide equal loading on all the crankpins.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide in a controllable pitch propeller with four or more blades, a double crank blade-turning mechanism having a piston and a plate each independently pivotable in a hydraulic cylinder, with self-aligning connections between one set of crankpins and the piston and plate assembly to provide equal loading on all the crankpins.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide. a blade-turning mechanism for controllable pitch propellers with a plurality of blades having only one cylinder and piston combined with self-aligning connections between the piston and one set of crankpins, the self-aligning connections being slidable in the cylinder wall to provide equal loading on the several crankpins.
  • Another object is to provide a self-aligning linkage connection which will not cause locking or binding between any of the parts of a double crank mechanism.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a three-bladed propeller hub
  • FIGJZ is a plan view partially in section on line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a transverse section on line 3-3 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a transverse section on line 4--4 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal section of another embodiment of the invention showing a controllable pitch propeller hub having four blades;
  • FIG. 6 is a transverse section on line 6-6 of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a transverse section on line 77 of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic transverse section showing the pressure areas of a five-bladed controllable pitch propeller
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged detail section of a self-aligning connection either in the pivotable piston or plate.
  • propeller hub 10 is bolted to shaft 11 by cap screws 12.
  • Propeller hub 10 is provided with sockets '13 each of which receives flange 14 attached to propeller blade 15.
  • Flange 14 is provided with two crankpins 16.
  • Crossheads 17 and 18 are slidable on the inner surface of flange 14 and have slots 19 and 20 respectively.
  • Sliding block 21 is pivoted on one crankpin 16 of flange 14 and is slidable in slot 19 of crosshead 17.
  • Sliding block 22 is pivoted on the other crankpin 16 of flange 14 and is slidable in slot 20 of crosshead 18.
  • Crosshead 18 is bolted to cylinder 23 by cap screws 24.
  • Bolt 26 is' slidable in wall of cylinder 23 and connects crosshead 1'7.
  • Tubes 32 and 33 are flexibly connected to piston '25 and have fluid outlets to the forward and aft portions respectively of cylinder 23.
  • Forward portion 34 of cylinder 23 is provided with slots 35 which serve as sliding guides for and prevent lateral movement of the crossheads.
  • FIGS. 1-4 illustrates a three-bladed controllable pitch propeller with three crossheads 17 each being connected to piston 25 with flexible self-aligning connections. Three is the maximum number of connection points any such self-aligning member may have and provide equal loading on all crankpins.
  • FIGS. 5-7 illustrate another embodiment of the invention of a four bladed controllable pitch propeller.
  • Crosshead 18 is connected to forward portion 34 of cylinder 23 with key 37.
  • Bolt 26 is sldable in wall of cylinder 23 and connects two diametrically opposite crossheads 17 to piston 25 with washer 36 and retainer screw 27.
  • Spherical surfaces 28 and'29 of bolt 26 and washer respectively mate withand slide on spherical surfaces 30 and 31 of piston 25 and retainer screw 27 respectively, to form a flexible self-aligning connection between piston 25 and crosshead 17.
  • Bolts 38 are slidable in Wall of cylinder 23 and extend thru piston 25 connecting the remaining two crossheads 17 to plate 39. Plate 39 is position adjacent to and in sealing contact with piston 25.
  • the connection between bolt 38 and plate 39 is also self-aligning, i.e., spherical surfaces 28 and 29 of bolt 38 and washer 36 mate with and slide on surfaces 30 and 31 of piston 25 and retainer screw 27.
  • Seal 41 is placed between piston 25 and plate 39 and separates area A from the remainder of the piston area.
  • the fluid chamber formed between piston 25 and plate 39 inside of seal 41 encloses bolts 38 and communicates with the forward end of cylinder 23 through hole 42 in piston 25.
  • the piston area external of area A communicates with the aft end of cylinder 23. In a four bladed controllable pitch propeller both areas are of equal size.
  • Forward portion 34 of cylinder 23 is provided with two ports, one port in communication with each end of cylinder 23.
  • Servo valve 40 is attached to the end of control rod 43 which also serves as fluid supply line causing oil under pressure to move the cylinder 23 and piston 25 in opposite directions to control the pitch of the propeller from forward position to neutral and reverse, and return.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates diagrammatically the pressure areas of a five-bladed controllable pitch propeller arrangement in which equal loading is obtained on all the crankpins.
  • Bolt 26 is slidable in wall of cylinder 23 and connects three crossheads 17 to piston 25 with self-aligning connections.
  • Bolts 38 are slidable in wall of cylinder 23, extend thru piston 25 and connect the remaining two crossheads 17 to plate 39 with self-aligning connection.
  • Plate 39 is located adjacent to and in sealing contact with piston 25.
  • Seal 44 is placed between piston 25 and plate 39 separating area B from the remainder of the piston area.
  • the fluid chamber formed between piston 25 and plate 39 inside of seal 44 encloses bolts 38 and communicates with the forward end of cylinder 23.
  • the piston area external of area B communicates with the aft end of cylinder 23.
  • the area inside seal 44 is of the total piston area, the force resulting from pressure acting on this area being transmitted to plate 39 and the two crankpins to which plate 39 is connected.
  • the force resulting from pressure acting on the area external of seal 44 is transmitted to piston and the three crankpins to which the piston is connected.
  • fluid in lines 32 or 33 is directed to one side of piston 25 causing cylinder 23 to move in one direction and piston 25 to move in the opposite direction.
  • Cylinder 23 being connected by crossheads 18 and sliding blocks 22 to one set of crankpins 16
  • piston 25 being connected by crossheads 17 and sliding blocks21 to the other set of crankpins 16
  • spherical surfaces 28 and 29 are concentric with surfaces 30 and 31 respectively, the connections formed at these surfaces are therefore self-aligning and allow piston 25 to pivot and align itself to rest with equal force on bolts 26 thus loading the crankpins equally.
  • control rod 43 In operation of the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 5-7, axial movement of control rod 43 will direct fluid to one end of cylinder 23 causing piston 25 to move in one direction and cylinder 23 to move in the opposite direction.
  • fluid When fluid is directed into the forward end of cylinder 23, for example, exerting a force on piston 25, bolts 26 and connected crankpins 16, such fluid also enters into the space between piston 25 and plate 39 inside of seal 41 thru hole 42 in piston 25 and exerts a force on plate 39, bolts 38 and the crankpins 16 to which bolts 38 are connected. Since the effective pressure areas of piston 25 and plate 39 are proportional to the number of connected crankpins, and since all the connections are selfaligning, the piston and plate may pivot independently and align themselves to rest with equal loading on all the crankpins. V
  • piston 25 and plate 39 are placed adjacent to one another to accommodate the seal and to insure sealing between the two pressure areas, yet provided with sufficient separation to allow piston 25 and plate 39 to pivot independently and align themselves to rest on their respective crankpins.
  • a blade turning mechanism comprising a flange on each blade and operably seated in said hub, first and second crankpins on each flange, an axially movable hydraulic cylinder in said hub, operable connections between said cylinder and the first crankpins; an axially movable piston unit in said cylinder and operable connections between said piston unit and the second crankpins, said connections including flexible self-aligning joints on said piston unit within said cylinder to permit said piston unit to pivot and align itself within said cylinder to rest equally on said connections and to provide equal loading on all the crankpins; and means for moving said cylinder and piston unit in opposite direction to control the pitch of said blades from forward position to neutral and reverse, and return.
  • said flexible selfaligning-joints comprising mating spherical surfaces to allow pivoting of said piston unit within said cylinder to provide equal loading on said crankpins.
  • the said means for moving said cylinder and piston unit in opposite directions comprising means for supplying oil under pressure to said cylinder on either side of said piston unit.
  • said piston unit comprising a piston and a plate adjacent to said piston, a seal between said piston and said plate; said operable connections between said piston unit and the second crankpins comprising operable connections between said piston and certain ones of the second crankpins and operable connections between said plate and the remainder of the second crankpins.
  • said flexible selfaligning joints comprising mating spherical surfaces to allovy pivoting of said piston and plate to provide equal FOREIGN PATENTS 1ad1ng on sald crankpms- 424,678 5/1967 Switzerland 416168 860,080 2/1961 Great Britain 416--157 References Clted 3,393,749 7/1968 Femy C. F. SCHIMIKOWSKI, Asslstant Exammer 2,686,569 8/1954 Bruce 416157 US. Cl. X.R. 3,051,248 8/1962 Hatcher 416-157 416167

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
US73915A 1970-09-21 1970-09-21 Controllable pitch propellers Expired - Lifetime US3676016A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US7391570A 1970-09-21 1970-09-21

Publications (1)

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US3676016A true US3676016A (en) 1972-07-11

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US73915A Expired - Lifetime US3676016A (en) 1970-09-21 1970-09-21 Controllable pitch propellers

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3676016A (sv)
JP (1) JPS5520916B1 (sv)
DE (1) DE2137061C2 (sv)
GB (1) GB1345003A (sv)
NO (1) NO129393B (sv)
SE (1) SE388828B (sv)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3792937A (en) * 1970-11-04 1974-02-19 Dowty Rotol Ltd Bladed rotors
US3819296A (en) * 1972-03-06 1974-06-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Control for hydraulic machine having adjustable blades
US4142834A (en) * 1977-06-03 1979-03-06 Arne Feroy Adjustment means for achieving equal crankpin loading in a controllable pitch propeller mechanism
US20080199318A1 (en) * 2005-06-22 2008-08-21 Itt Manufacturing Enterprises Adjustment Device For Adjusting Propeller Blades of a Propeller Pump and a Propeller Pump Including Such a Device
EP2832633A1 (en) * 2013-08-01 2015-02-04 Mehmet Nevres Ülgen Mechanically-adjustable pitch propeller
US20150086370A1 (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-26 Mehmet Nevres ULGEN Self-adjustable pitch propeller
CN108750057A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2018-11-06 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 双曲柄传动的调距桨桨毂

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS635868U (sv) * 1986-06-30 1988-01-14
JPS6357980U (sv) * 1986-10-01 1988-04-18

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3393749A (en) * 1967-08-25 1968-07-23 Feroy Arne Controllable pitch propellers

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3792937A (en) * 1970-11-04 1974-02-19 Dowty Rotol Ltd Bladed rotors
US3819296A (en) * 1972-03-06 1974-06-25 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Control for hydraulic machine having adjustable blades
US4142834A (en) * 1977-06-03 1979-03-06 Arne Feroy Adjustment means for achieving equal crankpin loading in a controllable pitch propeller mechanism
US20080199318A1 (en) * 2005-06-22 2008-08-21 Itt Manufacturing Enterprises Adjustment Device For Adjusting Propeller Blades of a Propeller Pump and a Propeller Pump Including Such a Device
EP2832633A1 (en) * 2013-08-01 2015-02-04 Mehmet Nevres Ülgen Mechanically-adjustable pitch propeller
US9611020B2 (en) 2013-08-01 2017-04-04 Mehmet Nevres ULGEN Mechanically-adjustable pitch propeller
US20150086370A1 (en) * 2013-09-20 2015-03-26 Mehmet Nevres ULGEN Self-adjustable pitch propeller
US9567049B2 (en) * 2013-09-20 2017-02-14 Mehmet Nevres ULGEN Self-adjustable pitch propeller
CN108750057A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2018-11-06 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 双曲柄传动的调距桨桨毂
CN108750057B (zh) * 2018-06-28 2024-06-04 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 双曲柄传动的调距桨桨毂

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2137061C2 (de) 1983-04-21
JPS5520916B1 (sv) 1980-06-05
NO129393B (sv) 1974-04-08
DE2137061A1 (de) 1972-03-23
SE388828B (sv) 1976-10-18
GB1345003A (en) 1974-01-30

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