US3672385A

US3672385A - Centrifugal speed governor,especially for prime movers

Info

Publication number: US3672385A
Authority: US
Inventors: Max Matzen
Original assignee: Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Current assignee: Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz AG
Priority date: 1969-04-11
Filing date: 1970-04-13
Publication date: 1972-06-27
Anticipated expiration: 1989-06-27
Also published as: AT298157B; GB1259748A; DE1918411B1; FR2043021A5

Abstract

A centrifugal speed governor in which the flyweights through the intervention of a spring-loaded adjusting sleeve and a linkage act upon a control member such as a fuel control member while in addition to the governor spring proper there is provided an additional spring associated with adjusting members having linked thereto lever means which, through a delaying member, is yieldably journalled in the housing of the governor, said lever means in addition to being adjustable by a spring operable from the outside of the governor is connected to holding means of magnetizable material, said holding means being axially movable in a magnetic field.

Description

ljnited States aten Matzen 1 June 27, 1.972

54] CENTRIFUGAL SPEED GOVERNOR, 2,609,995 8/1935 Engel ..137 s3 ESPECIALLY FOR PRIME MovERs 2.2 132 5/1940 McCullough m/ss x 1,676,902 7/1928 Jones ...137/53 [72] Inventor: Max Matzen, Leverkusen-Schlebusch, 2,364 353 12/1944 K li ,137/53 Germany 2,602,654 7/1952 Parker ..l37/58 [73] Assignee: Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz I Aktien- Prima Examiner clarence R Gordon gesellschaft, Cologne-Penn, Germany A Atwm2; walter Becker [22] Filed: April 13, 1970 [57] ABSTRACT [21] Appl. No.: 27,788 v A centrifugal speed governor in which the flywelghts through the intervention of a spring-loaded adjusting sleeve and a link- [30] Foreign Application Priority Data age act upon a control member such as a fuel control member while in addition to the governor spring proper there is pro- April 1 l, 1969 Germany ..P 19 18 4 11.3 vided an additional spring associated with adjusting members having linked thereto lever means which, through a delaying [52] US. Cl ..l37/53, 60/3928, 73/537, member is yieldably journaued in the housing of the govep 73/540 123/108 nor, said lever means in addition to being adjustable by a 13/10 spring operable from the outside of the governor is connected [58] Field of Search 1 37/53, 58 to ldi means f magnetizable material, said holding means being axially movable in a magnetic field. [56] References Cited UNITED STATESPATENTS 7 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure The present invention relates to a centrifugal speed governor, especially for prime movers, according to which the flyweights are adapted through the intervention of a springloaded adjusting sleeve and a linkage to act upon a member controlling the supply of fuel, preferably the control rod of an injection pump, while in addition to the control springs proper at the adjusting members, an additional spring acts upon a lever linked to the adjusting members which lever is through a delaying element yieldably joumalled in the housing.

The additional spring is frequently used for imparting upon the load-speed characteristic of the governor the inclination suitable for the operation. A stiffer additional spring increases the so-called degree of non-uniformity of the governor (i.e. the difference between the idling speed and the speed of the prime mover under load) to a greater extent than does a sofl: additional spring. With a smaller degree of non-uniformity (i.e. with a flat line of characteristic of the governor), the governor has the tendency to carry out a pendulum movement. If for reasons of operation it is necessary to have a smaller degree of non-uniformity, damping elements are provided in a manner known per se. In this way a non-periodic cushioning or damping can be realized. In order to overcome the drawback of a dragging adjustment of the governor to a new point of operation, an additional spring is interposed between the governor and the damping element. This additional spring is so dimensioned that within its range of expansion during operation, the characteristic of the governor is directed upwardly to such an extent that the danger of obtaining a pendulum movement does not exist any longer. The influence of the additional spring disappears when the damping member has adjusted itself to the new point of operation. Such arrangements are known as yieldable return devices.

A governor which is more responsive and faster in its reaction reacts to a cyclic non-uniformity of the drive with a high frequency movement of the control rod. The governor may itself become an amplifier for amplifying the oscillations when the non-uniformity at the drive is caused by the fundamental frequency of a system adapted to oscillate in the arrangement. In order to overcome this situation, it is necessary to design the governor in such a way that it is slow to react to the adjustment of the governor. This, however, can bev effected only to such an extent as a stability reserve is available and the entire system will not have the tendency to carry out a rotary pendulum movement.

There has furthermore become known a yieldable return arrangement with so-called buckled characteristic which is adapted to make the governor react slow within the region of action of a stiff additional spring and to make the governor react quickly when adjusting movements are effected within the region of action of a soft additional spring. This arrangement, however, has the drawback that an adjustment from the outside and an optimization of the device is not possible with simple means.

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a centrifugal speed governor which will overcome the above mentioned drawbacks.

It is another object of this invention to provide a governor as set forth in the preceding paragraph which only in its state of inertia under constant load will have a low reaction capability but, when disturbances occur as a result of load variations, will remain sufficiently responsive and fast in reaction.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly from the following specification in connection with the accompanying drawing which illustrates a section through a speed governor according to the present invention.

A centrifugal speedgovernor for prime movers in which the fly-weights act through a spring-loaded adjusting sleeve and a linkage upon a measuring element for the fuel supply, preferably the control rod of an injection pump, while in addition to the control springs proper the adjusting elements are also acted upon by an additional spring through a lever linked to the adjusting elements, is, in conformity with the present invention, characterized in that said lever in addition to an additional spring is operatively connected to a holding member of magnetizable material, which holding member is axially movably arranged in a magnetic field. In this way it is possible with simple means to obtain a yieldable return arrangement with buckled characteristic while the steeper part of said characteristic can easily be adapted from the outside to the respective conditions of operation by varying the magnetic field.

For the function of the governor it is advantageous to design the magnetizable holding member with a length approximating the length of the coil while the adjusting holding means and housing parts consist of non-magnetizable material. As a result thereof, the influence of the change in the position of the holding member at the start of the movement will be rather high. Thisinfluence can be further increased or im proved by employing as holding member a rod magnet or an electromagnet. In the last mentioned instance, the change in the holding force of the holding member may be effected by increasing the magnetic induction of the electromagnet.

Referring now to the drawing in detail, the fly-weights 1 designed in the form of an angle lever are joumalled on the fly-weight carrier 2. This carrier 2 is fixedly mounted on a driven control shaft 4 which is driven in conformity with the gears 3. The fly-weights l are operatively connected through an anti-friction bearing 5 with the adjusting sleeve 6 and the control lever 7. The adjusting sleeve 6 is acted upon by control spring 8 in a manner known per se. The entire system is housed in a housing 9 which is partially filled with a lubricant. An additional spring 10 acts upon adjusting sleeve 6 through the intervention of a two-arm lever 11 linked to the

intermediate members

12, 13. The other arm of the two-arm lever 11 is by means of a rod 22 pivotably connected to a piston which latter is guided with slide fit in a cylinder 15 at a low point of the housing 9 below the oil level. From the cylinder bottom, a connecting conduit 17 leads into the oil reservoir 18. The cross-section of the passage 21 is, for obtaining the desired choke effect, adapted to be varied, for instance, by means of an adjusting element, such as a screw 19.

In order to prevent foaming oil from entering the cylinder 15 and in order to assure an automatic expulsion of air enclosures, the outer channel or conduit mouth 20 is located as low as possible whereas the inner passage mouth 21 is located as high as possible.

The additional spring 10 is engaged by an adjusting screw 23 with transverse pins 24. The windings of the additional spring 10 and the thread of the adjusting screw 23 have the same pitch. In this way it will be assured that the starting position of the two-arm lever l 1 during the adjustment of the additional spring 10 will not be changed. The adjusting screw 23 is held in a threaded bore 25 and is secured in its respective position by means of a counter nut 26. The desired speed adjustment may be obtained by a corresponding adjustment of a speed adjusting lever 27.

In addition to the additional spring 10 adjustable from the outside, the lever 11 is through a rod 28 pivotably connected to a holding member 29 which is axially displaceably mounted in a housing part 30 and is surrounded by a coil 31 which is fixedly connected to the housing and is adapted to be passed through by a current. The magnitude of the current of the coil is adjustable by standard devices not illustrated. The holding member 29 comprises three parts of which the intermediate part 34 consists of magnetizable material whereas the end parts 32 and 33 consist of non-magnetizable material. It is likewise advantageous to make the housing part 20 as well as the rod 28 of non-magnetizable material.

In view of the magnetic field of the coil 31, the intermediate part 34 of the holding member 29 is held in its intermediate position. In this position, the holding forces are strongest whereas they greatly decrease when the holding member 29 is shifted. The magnitude of the holding force may be adjusted by changing the intensity of the current in coil 31.

it is, of course, to be understood that the present invention is, by no means, limited to the particular showing in the drawing but also comprises any modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

l. A centrifugal speed governor with resilient return mechanism so that with change of load there is previous centrifugal speed again attained after a short time without any diversion arising as a result of changed load condition, especially for internal combustion machine prime movers having predetermined speed maintained independent of loading condition at a time, which includes: a governor housing, control shaft means for driving connection with a machine to be controlled, fly-weight means contained in said governor housing and keyed to said control shaft means for rotation therewith and adapted in response to an increasing speed of said control shaft means to move in one direction, spring loaded actuating means operatively connected to said fly-weight means for urging said fly-weight means to move in a direction opposite to said one direction, linkage means pivotally connected to said actuating means for controlling the fuel supply to the machine to be controlled, lever means pivotally connected to said actuating means, adjustable auxiliary spring means effective length of which is adjustable independently of said governor housing and operatively connected to said lever means for adjusting the same, holding means operatively connected to said lever means to oppose movement of said lever means and including a clamping member made at least partly of magnetizable material, said damping member being interposed between said governor housing and said lever means as well as including means for variably creating a magnetic field for said last mentioned member to adjust magnitude of load fluctuations with which the governor reacts to be selectively quick and slow in responding to small load changes of longer duration, said last mentioned member being axially movable within said magnetic field of adjustable variable intensity.

2. A fly-weight centrifugal speep governor according to claim 1, in which said lever means is a two-arm lever.

3. A fly-weight centrifugal speed governor according to claim 1, in which said adjustable spring means is adjustable from the outside of the governor.

4. A fly-weight centrifugal speed governor according to claim 1, which includes control linkage means operatively connected to said actuating means.

5. A fly-weight centrifugal speed governor according to claim 1, which includes electric coil means for creating said magnetic field, said magnetizable member having a length approximately equaling the length of said electric coil means, those parts of said governor which are adjacent said holding means being of a non-magnetizable material.

6. A fly-weight centrifugal speed governor according to claim 1, in which said holding means is formed by a permanent bar magnet.

7. A fly-weight centrifugal speed governor according to claim 1, in which said holding means includes an electromagnet.

Claims

1. A centrifugal speed governor with resilient return mechanism so that with change of load there is previous centrifugal speed again attained after a short time without any diversion arising as a result of changed load condition, especially for internal combustion machine prime movers having predetermined speed maintained independent of loading condition at a time, which includes: a governor housing, control shaft means for driving connection with a machine to be controlled, fly-weight means contained in said governor housing and keyed to said control shaft means for rotation therewith and adapted in response to an increasing speed of said control shaft means to move in one direction, spring loaded actuating means operatively connected to said fly-weight means for urging said fly-weight means to move in a direction opposite to said one direction, linkage means pivotally connected to said actuating means for controlling the fuel supply to the machine to be controlled, lever means pivotally connected to said actuating means, adjustable auxiliary spring means effective length of which is adjustable independently of said governor housing and operatively connected to said lever means for adjusting the same, holding means operatively connected to said lever means to oppose movement of said lever means and including a damping member made at least partly of magnetizable material, said damping member being interposed between said governor housing and said lever means as well as including means for variably creating a magnetic field for said last mentioned member to adjust magnitude of load fluctuations with which the governor reacts to be selectively quick and slow in responding to small load changes of longer duration, said last mentioned member being axially movable within said magnetic field of adjustable variable intensity.