US3669352A - Automatic sprinkler system - Google Patents
Automatic sprinkler system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3669352A US3669352A US82014A US3669352DA US3669352A US 3669352 A US3669352 A US 3669352A US 82014 A US82014 A US 82014A US 3669352D A US3669352D A US 3669352DA US 3669352 A US3669352 A US 3669352A
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- Prior art keywords
- control system
- sprinkler
- clock
- indexing
- operative
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
- G04C23/00—Clocks with attached or built-in means operating any device at preselected times or after preselected time-intervals
- G04C23/14—Mechanisms continuously running to relate the operation(s) to the time of day
- G04C23/34—Mechanisms continuously running to relate the operation(s) to the time of day with provision for automatic modification of the programme, e.g. on Sunday
- G04C23/347—Mechanisms continuously running to relate the operation(s) to the time of day with provision for automatic modification of the programme, e.g. on Sunday some operations being overridden
Definitions
- a system for controlling the operation of a plurality of sprin- 250/231 klers distributed over an area to be irrigated includes a timer clock wheel mounting a plurality of indexer clips which suc- [56] References cited cessively actuate a photoelectric switch located below the clock wheel.
- the photoelectric switch controls the on-ofi UNITED STATES PATENTS operation of the variously located sprinklers in succession in accordance with the time positions of the indexer clips.
- 2,875,428 2/1959 Gnswold ..239/69 X 3,340,688 9/ 1 967 Zoller 9 Claims, 6 Drawing figures orr MAM 31 on: gum mm PATENTEnJun 13 I972 SHEET 1 OF 3 FIG"! C R m P ATTORYFQY PATENTEDJun 13 I972 SHEET 2 BF 3 INVFQYIOR. PETER c.
- the present invention relates to automatic sprinkler systems and more particularly to sprinkler system incorporating electronic timer control techniques for automatically controlling the duration and sequence of operation of a plurality of sprinklers widely distributed at various stations in an area to be irrigated.
- Presently known lawn sprinkler systems for irrigating large ground areas generally employ a plurality of sprinklers distributed at various stations over the ground area to be irrigated.
- Such known sprinkler systems often employ electrical timer controls for selectively activating these variously-stationed sprinklers in a preselected sequence and for preselected durations.
- the timer controls generally employed in such known systems are, generally speaking, similar to the conventional electrical timer clocks widely used in households and commercial applications for turning lights or appliances on and off, in that such timer clocks comprise an electric clock provided with a mechanical trip mechanism for opening and closing the electrical circuits involved.
- Another object of the present invention is the provision of an automatic sprinkler control system of the character described incorporating a timer control employing electronic switching means.
- a system for controlling the operation of a plurality of sprinklers distributed over an area to be irrigated comprises clock means and photoelectric switch means connected to the sprinkler valves, and being operative, in response to the interruption of the impingement of light energy thereon, to actuate the sprinkler valves.
- indexed trigger means are affixed to the clock means at preselected time positions thereon for interruption of light impinging on the photoelectic switch to thereby effect actuation of the various sprinklers in a preselected sequence and duration in accordance with the programmed indexed trigger means.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an installation employing a multi-station sprinkler system in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the control panel of a sprinkler control system in accordance with the principles of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line 3 3 of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line 4 4 of FIG. 2;
- FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of the electrical control system employed in the system of FIG. 2, showing the incorporation of the electronic switching circuit of FIG. 6;
- FIG. 6 is an electrical schematic diagram of the electronic switching circuit employed in the system of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 1 in a typical sprinkler installation a plurality of sprinklers are installed in the ground 12 at various locations.
- Two such sprinklers l0 and 11 are shown in FIG. I by way of example, with sprinklers l0 and 11 being connected to a suitable water main l4.
- Sprinklers l0 and 11 are each provided with solenoid-actuated valves 15 and 16 respectively.
- Sprinkler valves 15 and 16 are controlled by electrical switching means housed in a control box 18, remote from sprinklers l0 and 11 and connected to the solenoid valves 15 and 16 by an electrical cable 19 which comprises the leads from each sprinkler valve to control box 18.
- FIG. 2 illustrates the layout of the various controls on control panel 20 of control box 18.
- the control system of the present invention includes a clock wheel 22 mounted on the driven shaft 23 of a clock motor 24 (FIG. 5).
- the clock wheel 22 has on its dial face twenty-four evenly-spaced calibrations 25, each numbered to represent the twenty-four hours in the day, and marked in the manner shown in FIG. 2 to indicate the twelve hours from noon to midnight, and the twelve hours from midnight to noon. Between each of the hour calibrations 25 are three equally-spaced sub-calibrations 26 dividing each hour into quarters or fifteen minute periods.
- the clock motor 24 is adapted to turn clock wheel 22 through one complete revolution each day.
- a calendar sprocket wheel 30 mounted with fourteen equally-spaced sprockets or fingers 32 projecting radially therefrom.
- the sprocket wheel 30 is mounted for free rotation upon a central shaft 33 affixed to the face of control panel 26 and upstanding therefrom.
- the sprocket fingers 32 correspond to the days in a two-week period, and are marked consecutively with the days in each week, as indicated in FIG. 2.
- This spring 31 serves as a detent to provide stepped rotation of the sprocket calendar wheel 30 in increments of one sprocket finger at a time.
- the sprocket calendar wheel 30 is mounted adjacent to the driven clock wheel 22 for periodic actuation by the latter through a trip finger 34 affixed securely to and projecting radially from clock wheel 22.
- the free end of the trip finger 34 is located in the path of the ends of sprocket fingers 32, so that as clock wheel 32 rotates in the direction of arrow 36 in FIG. 2, that is in a clockwise direction, the trip finger 34 will engage one of the sprocket fingers 32 and turn the calendar wheel 30 in a counter-clockwise direction, as indicated by arrow 37, through an angle corresponding to the width of one sprocket finger 32.
- the driven clock wheel 28 which indicates the time of day, will advance calendar wheel 30 by one day increments once every 24 hours. 7
- calendar wheel 30 is provided with a circular row of through apertures 38 inwardly of and registering with the respective sprocket fingers 32, each aperture 38 being adapted to receive and mount a removable pin on screw 39 therein.
- the selectively-insertible pins or screws 39 have shanks 39a which depend below the calendar wheel 30 and are positioned to engage and depress the spring arm 41 of a microswitch 40 mounted on control panel 20.
- actuation of the micro-switch 40 deenergizes the sprinkler cycle circuit, so that the sprinkler operation is omitted for any day of the two week watering I period for which a pin 39 is inserted.
- Clock wheel 22 is also provided with a circular row of through apertures 42, one of said apertures 42 being located in alignment with each of the hour and quarter-hour calibrations 25 and 26.
- each aperture 42 is sized to receive and removably mount an indexing pin 44.
- Each indexing pin 44 comprises a threaded head 44a for screw mounting in a selected aperture 42 of clock wheel 22, and a thin elongated shank 44b which depends below clock wheel 22.
- indexing pins 44 are adapted to actuate photo-electric detector switch 46 located beneath wheel 22 adjacent the time reference arrow 48.
- Switch 46 when actuated by successive pins 44 passing therethrough, is operative to open and close preselected sprinkler valves, such as the valves 15 and 16, in accordance with the settings of the corresponding three-position switchs S-l through S- shown on panel 20, each of which switches control a specific sprinkler.
- Switches S-l through S-5 are operative to control the successive operation of each of the sprinklers at the various stations in the system, depending upon the selective insertion of indexing pins 44 in apertures 42 of clock wheel 22.
- switch S-l corresponds to sprinkler l0
- switch S-l is in the AUTO" position, i.e. the automatic operation mode, as shown in FIG. 2
- switch 46 is actuated during the passage through photo-electric detector switch 46 of the first indexing pin 44 in a sequence to turn on sprinkler l0 automatically.
- switch 54 corresponds to sprinkler 1] and is 1 also in the AUTO setting
- the passage through switch 46 of the second indexing pin 44 in the sequence will turn off sprinkler l0 and turn on sprinkler 11.
- control panel there is provided on control panel an additional override switch 49 having an AUTO position which allows the system to operate automatically when either of switches S-l through S-5 are in the AUTO mode, and a RAIN position for shutting off the system and inhibiting operation of all the sprinklers if it is raining.
- detector switch 46 which, as previously noted is operative to detect the passage of an indexing pin 44 thereacross, and in response thereto to actuate suitable switching apparatus to selectively turn on and off the appropriate sprinkler valve.
- Light source 50 is partially enclosed in a protective housing 56 having an aperture 58 in a side wall thereof to thereby define light beam 52 therethrough.
- a photoelectric cell 60 for detecting light beam 52 impinging thereon across gap 54.
- Cell 60 is mounted in a housing 62 having an aperture 64 of a diameter less than the thickness of pin shank 44b, opening onto gap 54, and in line with light beam 52 passing through the opposed aperture 58.
- FIG. 5 illustrates schematically the elements of the electrical control system which are contained in control box 18. It will be seen therein that each of the switches S-l through S-S as well as switch 49 are identical, each constituting a threeposition slide switch having a total of eight switch contacts a to h and a slide contact 67 defining the OFF, AUTO" and RAIN positions for switch 49 and the OFF AUTO and MAN" positions for switches S-l through 5-5.
- the slide contacts 47 for all these switches are shown in the OFF" position in FIG. 5, that is connecting contacts e, f and contacts a, b.
- the slide contact 67 of the switch 49 will be moved to the switch 46 includes a light source 50 operative to emit a light AUTO" position, and the slide contacts 67 of one or all of the switches S-l through 5-5 will also be moved to the AU- TO" position, depending upon which sprinklers are desired to be operated.
- photo-electric detector switch 46 is operative to detect the passage of an indexing pin 44 therethrough and to produce an output pulse in response thereto across its output leads 84 and 86, which are connected to a solenoid drive 88 having a plunger 90 which is mechanically coupled to the wiper arm 92 of rotary step switch 94.
- Rotary step switch 94 is provided with a plurality of terminal contact positions including an OFF position contact as shown and an additional number of contact positions C-l through C-5 corresponding to the number of sprinklers to be controlled by the control system of the present invention.
- contact positions Cl through C-5 are shown corresponding to switches Sl through S-S in FIG. 2.
- Lead 96 connecting switch contact 49b to secondary winding 82 of transformer 80, supplies said contact 49b with 24 volts AC, thereby making available a 24-volt AC voltage on switch contact 49c when slide contact 67 of switch 49 is in the AUTO position.
- a lead 98 connects switch contact 490 to SKIP-A-DAY microswitch 40 which comprises a normally closed contact 40a and a normally open contact 40b, as shown.
- Wiper arm' 92 of rotary switch 94 is connected to the normally closed contact 40a of switch 40 via lead 100.
- each of the contact positions C-l through C-5 of switch 94 is connected via leads 101, 102, 103, 104 and 105 respectively, to the f contacts of switches S-l through S-5 respectively.
- switch S-l With switch S-l in the AUTO position, when wiper arm 92 is moved to the C-1 position, a 24 VAC voltage is available at contact f of switch S-l through lead 101, and therefore at contact g of switch S-l through its slide contact 67. Contact g in turn applies this voltage, via lead L-l to the solenoid valve 15 of the corresponding sprinkler 10 to actuate the latter and provide a sprinkling period until the next pin 44" of the series passes through detector switch 46. At this time, the wiper arm 92 advances from contact C-l to contact C-2, which cuts off the energizing voltage from switch S-l, interrupting the operation of sprinkler l0, and applies the energizing voltage to contact f of switch S-2.
- This voltage is in turn applied through contact g of switch S-2 and lead L-2 to the next sprinkler in the system, for example to valve 16 of sprinkler 11.
- This stepped operation continues for each of the five sprinklers in the system, by virtue of the successive actuation of each of the remaining switches S-3 through S-5.
- indexing pins 44 there are six indexing pins 44 in each sequence on clock wheel 22.
- the last pin in the sequence moves the wiper arm 92 back to the OFF position, where it remains until the first indexing pin 44 of the next sequence on clock wheel 22 passes through detector switch 46 to begin a new cycle of operation.
- switch 49 is set at the AUTO position, thereby applying, via lead 106, the 24 VAC voltage on contacts h and d in each of switches S-l through S-5. Accordingly, when, for example, switch S-l is in the MAN (i.e. manual) position, the 24 VAC voltage appearing on the h and d contacts thereof is applied, by means of the setting of slide contact 67, to the g contact which is connected to output lead L-l.
- the foregoing remarks relating to the MAN (i.e. manual) position for switches S-l is equally applicable to switchesS-2 through S-5.
- detector switch 46 comprises a photoelectric cell 60 operative to detect light beam 52 emanating from light source 50 and to produce a voltage across its output leads 66a and 66b in response thereto.
- Light source 50 which may suitably comprise an incandescent lamp, is connected across secondary winding 82 of transformer 80 by means of leads 108 and 110 and current limiting resistor 112. Additionally, a resistor 114 is connected between lead 66b and the junction of lead 74 and primary winding 78.
- a suitable neon gas tube 1 16 is connected across photoelectric cell output leads 66a and 66b, whereby upon energization of cell 60 by virtue of the impingement of light thereon, gas tube 116 is energized to emit a radiant glow therefrom, which,
- photoelectric cell 118 in proxis in the OFF or RAIN in turn, is detected by another imity thereto.
- the 24 VAC voltage producted at secondary winding 82 is half-wave rectified by means of diode 120 having its anode connected to upper lead 82a of secondary winding 82, a resistor 122 in series with diode 120 and capacitor 124 connected between resistor 122 and lower lead 82b of secondary winding 82. Accordingly, there is produced across capacitor 124 a substantially constant dc. voltage for selective application to solenoid 88 in response to energization of photoelectric cell 1 18 as hereinafter described.
- gate controlled rectifier 126 In order to selectively apply the dc. voltage across capacitor 124 to solenoid 88, gate controlled rectifier 126 has its anode 128 connected to the junction of resistor 122 and capacitor 124, its cathode 130 connected to the upper lead 84 of solenoid 88, and its gate electrode 132 connected to the output lead 134 of photoelectric cell 1 18.
- a resistor 136 is connected between the gate 132 and cathode 130 of rectifier 126, and a diode 138 is connected across solenoid winding 88.
- a system for controlling the operation of a plurality of sprinklers distributed over an area to be irrigated comprising clock means including a rotating clock wheel, photoelectric switch means connected to the valves of said sprinklers, and programmed indexing means comprising a plurality of indexing pins selectively mounted on said clock wheel at spaced intervals and projecting therefrom, said photoelectric switch means comprising a photoelectric cell, a light source spaced from said photo-electric cell and operative to project a light beam across a gap between said cell and said light source whereby said light beam is in line between said cell and said light source, said photoelectric cell being located in the path of travel of said indexing pins as said clock wheel rotates, and said indexing pins being operative to successively traverse said gap to interrupt impingement of said light beam on said cell, whereby said switch means is operative to actuate said sprinkler valves in accordance with the program of said indexing means.
- a sprinkler control system in which said plurality of indexing pins are arranged in an arcuate row concentric with said clock wheel.
- a sprinkler control system in which said plurality of indexing pins comprises at least one group of consecutive pins constituting one pin for each of said sprinklers.
- a sprinkler control system according to claim 3 wherein said light source is housed in an enclosure having an aperture communicating with said gap, whereby the size of said aper ture defines the width of said light beam from said source across said gap.
- a sprinkler control system according to claim 6 wherein said indexing pin has a transverse thickness dimension greater than said light beam width.
- said photoelectric switch means includes electrical current level detecting means connected across the output terminals of said photoelectric cell and operative to produce a discrete electrical output signal when the output current from said photoelectric cell reaches a preselected level.
- said switch means further includes a gate controlled rectifier having its gate electrode connected to the output of said current level detecting means, whereby said gate controlled rectifier is operative to be rendered into a latched conductive mode in response to said discrete electrical output signal from said current level detecting means.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US8201470A | 1970-10-19 | 1970-10-19 |
Publications (1)
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US3669352A true US3669352A (en) | 1972-06-13 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US82014A Expired - Lifetime US3669352A (en) | 1970-10-19 | 1970-10-19 | Automatic sprinkler system |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3768732A (en) * | 1972-02-22 | 1973-10-30 | Curtis Dyna Corp | Intermittent liquid metering system and apparatus |
US3782630A (en) * | 1972-05-30 | 1974-01-01 | W Sabo | Sprinkler control system |
US3797741A (en) * | 1973-01-18 | 1974-03-19 | L Spencer | Intermittent irrigation system |
US3869854A (en) * | 1973-05-10 | 1975-03-11 | James A Church | Solid state electronic control |
US4023585A (en) * | 1976-02-17 | 1977-05-17 | Vandenburg Arlow L | Watering device |
US4084140A (en) * | 1976-11-05 | 1978-04-11 | Arvin Industries, Inc. | Programmable non-duplication switching device |
US4808303A (en) * | 1986-08-21 | 1989-02-28 | Fractal, Inc. | Produce hydration system |
US4858827A (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1989-08-22 | L. R. Nelson Corporation | Electronic water sprinkler timer |
US5829678A (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1998-11-03 | Hunter Industries Incorporated | Self-cleaning irrigation regulator valve apparatus |
US6517009B2 (en) | 1997-12-25 | 2003-02-11 | Gotit Ltd. | Automatic spray dispenser |
US20060146652A1 (en) * | 2005-01-03 | 2006-07-06 | Sdi Technologies, Inc. | Sunset timer |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2875428A (en) * | 1954-10-27 | 1959-02-24 | David E Griswold | Fixed interval time-controlled fluid distribution system |
US3063643A (en) * | 1958-08-14 | 1962-11-13 | Roberts Simon | Lawn sprinkling control system |
US3136117A (en) * | 1963-04-25 | 1964-06-09 | Speiser Maximilian Richard | Time interval computing means |
US3331200A (en) * | 1965-10-18 | 1967-07-18 | Donald W Byron | Instrument for checking engine efficiency |
US3340688A (en) * | 1965-05-18 | 1967-09-12 | Zoller Egon | Seconds impulse sending effected by a clockwork |
US3396277A (en) * | 1963-10-22 | 1968-08-06 | Chevreliere Charles Ayme De La | Radiation sensitive irrigation device |
-
1970
- 1970-10-19 US US82014A patent/US3669352A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2875428A (en) * | 1954-10-27 | 1959-02-24 | David E Griswold | Fixed interval time-controlled fluid distribution system |
US3063643A (en) * | 1958-08-14 | 1962-11-13 | Roberts Simon | Lawn sprinkling control system |
US3136117A (en) * | 1963-04-25 | 1964-06-09 | Speiser Maximilian Richard | Time interval computing means |
US3396277A (en) * | 1963-10-22 | 1968-08-06 | Chevreliere Charles Ayme De La | Radiation sensitive irrigation device |
US3340688A (en) * | 1965-05-18 | 1967-09-12 | Zoller Egon | Seconds impulse sending effected by a clockwork |
US3331200A (en) * | 1965-10-18 | 1967-07-18 | Donald W Byron | Instrument for checking engine efficiency |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3768732A (en) * | 1972-02-22 | 1973-10-30 | Curtis Dyna Corp | Intermittent liquid metering system and apparatus |
US3782630A (en) * | 1972-05-30 | 1974-01-01 | W Sabo | Sprinkler control system |
US3797741A (en) * | 1973-01-18 | 1974-03-19 | L Spencer | Intermittent irrigation system |
US3869854A (en) * | 1973-05-10 | 1975-03-11 | James A Church | Solid state electronic control |
US4023585A (en) * | 1976-02-17 | 1977-05-17 | Vandenburg Arlow L | Watering device |
US4084140A (en) * | 1976-11-05 | 1978-04-11 | Arvin Industries, Inc. | Programmable non-duplication switching device |
US4858827A (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1989-08-22 | L. R. Nelson Corporation | Electronic water sprinkler timer |
US4808303A (en) * | 1986-08-21 | 1989-02-28 | Fractal, Inc. | Produce hydration system |
US5829678A (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 1998-11-03 | Hunter Industries Incorporated | Self-cleaning irrigation regulator valve apparatus |
US6517009B2 (en) | 1997-12-25 | 2003-02-11 | Gotit Ltd. | Automatic spray dispenser |
US6540155B1 (en) | 1997-12-25 | 2003-04-01 | Gotit Ltd. | Automatic spray dispenser |
US20060146652A1 (en) * | 2005-01-03 | 2006-07-06 | Sdi Technologies, Inc. | Sunset timer |
US20090190443A1 (en) * | 2005-01-03 | 2009-07-30 | Jg Digital Technologies, Llc | Sunset Timer with Random Automatic Mode |
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