US3667893A - Oil or gas burner with a cross-current blower having return flow means - Google Patents

Oil or gas burner with a cross-current blower having return flow means Download PDF

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Publication number
US3667893A
US3667893A US717698A US3667893DA US3667893A US 3667893 A US3667893 A US 3667893A US 717698 A US717698 A US 717698A US 3667893D A US3667893D A US 3667893DA US 3667893 A US3667893 A US 3667893A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rotor
plate
oil
burner
casing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US717698A
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English (en)
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Kurt Zenkner
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/34—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air
    • F23D14/36—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air in which the compressor and burner form a single unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/001—Spraying nozzle combined with forced draft fan in one unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion simultaneously or alternately of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel

Definitions

  • An oil or gas burner has a casing formed by a lower casing member and a cover plate forming an elongated casing with rounded ends.
  • a blower rotor is located in an opening in one of the ends, the casing wall adjacent the opening forming a guide plate at the intake side of the rotor.
  • the angle between the tangent to the casing wall at the beginning of the guide plate and the tangent to the casing wall at the other end of the rounded end portion is less than 90, preferably 3060.
  • a vortex bafile-plate which tapers in cross-section towards the periphery of the rotor, and between which and the end portion of the longitudinal wall one or more passages are formed through which some of the air fed by the rotor can be returned from the pressure-side to the suction-side.
  • the invention relates to an oil or gas burner equipped with a blower to convey the combustion-air, said blower being designed as a cross-current blower.
  • the new burner is provided with a socalled aerodynamically stable cross-current blower with a steep starting characteristic and a high final peak, for conveyance of the combustion-air to the mixing and combustion chamber.
  • the new burner is therefore characterised according to the invention in that the blowers guideplate diverges constantly from the rotors cascade and passes into a spiral shape, in that the angle between the tangent at the start of the guide-plate, or the tangent at the turning-point on the inlet side, and the tangent to the part of the guide-plate wall limiting the outlet-region, is considerably less than degrees, preferably coming to between 30 and 60 degrees, in that the vortex bafiie-plate of the blower consists of two arms which together form an angle of about 10 to 60 degrees, in that the slot between the arm of the vortex baffle-plate on the suction side and the rotors cascade tapers towards the vortex, and opposite to the direction of rotation, and in that flow guidance means are associated with the blowers guideplate diverges constantly from the rot
  • the vortex bafile-plate is preferably associated with the blowers rotor, and arranged opposite it, in such a way that the sucked air, on meeting the rotor in the region of the said baffle-plate, is directed more or less tangetially to the outer circumference of the rotor.
  • the vortex bafile-plate can be made either wedgeor sickel-shaped, and can be movable and/or pivotable. In such an arrangement, an alteration of the back-pressure to a certain degree is not, as is the case in conventional blowers, linked to an intense alteration in volume, so that, to this extent, there is no necessity for adaptation to the prevailing conditions by specialists.
  • the exact mixture-ratio of fuel to air can now be set by a specialists.
  • the exact mixture-ratio of fuel to air can now be set by a specialist during manufacture of the burner without the need for subsequent adaptation to the pressure-conditions prevailing in the system for which the burner is used. Moreover, only one auxiliary operative is needed to adapt the burner to different combustion-chambers with the most varied pressure-conditions.
  • the high final peak of the blower characteristicnothing comparable is found among the characteristics of conventional blowers--oifers an ideal opportunity to avoid pulsations on Warming-up, or even a blow-back of the ignition-flame.
  • the described ultra-stable cross-current blower achieves a multiple of the pressure generated by conventional blowers of the same constructive size.
  • flow guidance means are associated with the runner in this case, the said means contributing to the formation of at least one return-channel tapering at the pressure-side towards the suction-side, a greater or lesser part of the air current issuing from the rotor being led back from the pressureto the suction-side by the said channel.
  • the characteristic retains its steep nature, and merely shifts linearly.
  • the burner-body with jet and igniter-electrodes is only built in behind an air-deflector.
  • the burner-tube preferably runs axially parallel to the blower-wheel.
  • the combustion-air is led at right angled over guide-plates, or spirally into the burner-tube.
  • FIG. 1 a diagrammatic side elevation of a burner according to the invention, in vertical section;
  • FIG. 2 a plan view of the arrangement as in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 a perspective view of the arrangement as in FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • FIG. 4 a side elevation, in vertical section, on a larger scale, of the burner-head of the arrangement according to the invention
  • FIGS. 40:, 4b, 40 various details of difierent embodiments of the burner according to the invention, each in side elevation, in section, and on a larger scale;
  • FIGS. 5, 6, 7, three diagrammatic views of variants of the blower to be used in conjunction with the burner according to the invention
  • FIG. 8 a diagrammatic view of a further detail of the burner according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 9, l0, and 11 three diagrammatic, pictorial comparisons of the burner according to the invention, with known burners.
  • FIG. 12 a cross-section through a modified form of bafiie plate.
  • the burner according to the invention has a casing consisting of a lower part 1 and a cover-plate 2. These parts can be pulled apart and thrust together.
  • the coverplate carries the drive-motor 3, with pump 4 and burnerhead assembly 5, as well as all electrical parts, such as the magnetic valve 6, and so on.
  • the lower part of the casing carries the burner-tube 7 associated with the burner-head assembly 5, and, along with cover-plate 2, encloses the blower rotor 8.
  • the burner-head assembly which is withdrawably inserted in the cover-plate, and which can be connected to it bayonet-fashion, carries on the one hand the burner-jet with the oil feed-pipe 11 and, on the other hand, the igniter-electrode 12 and the photocell 13 which serves to control the flame, the oil feed-pipe at the burner-head assembly being mounted so as to be movable to and fro longitudinally along the tube in the direction of arrow a, and the bathe-plate 14, in the direction of arrow 11, is mounted so as to be movable to and fro along the longitudinal direction of the oil feed-pipe.
  • Guide-vanes 15 are also provided, associated with the blowers rotor for air-conveyance.
  • the burner tube is attached on an annular flange 16 coaxial to the burner-head assembly, on the side of the lowercasing facing away from the cover-plate, in the region of guide-vanes 15, the said flange being bent outwards from the lower casing,
  • This labyrinth-like seal is particularly important in blower rotors whose length is less than their diameter; the said seal is designed as a labyrinth slot between rotor and blower, being radially less than 1% and axially less than 1.5% of the blower diameter.
  • several, for example two, annular grooves 25 are provided in the casing-wall opposite the base 26 of the blower-wheel; these grooves are concentric, while in the arrangement as in FIG. 40, an annular groove 27 is provided in the casing wall, and an annular projection 28, fitting into the groove is provided in the base 29 of the blower-wheel.
  • slot 30 or 31 is correspondingly restricted in size between the circumferential rim of base 26 or 29 and the opposed well-part 26a, 29a of the casing.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 This results in a casing with a longitudinally-extended fiat prismatic shape (shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) both of whose axial end have generally flat substantially cylindrical sections demarcated by the circular areas 32, 33 occupied by the rotating members 5 and 8.
  • These cylindrical sections a jacket of one of which is formed by the blowers rotor guide-plate 51, are joined by the interior of a longitudinally-extended casing, 34, whose outline is formed on one longitudinal side by a partly curved wall 35 enclosing both semicircles at the axial ends.
  • recesses 36, 37 are provided between both cylinders, 32, 33; between these recesses is a flap 38, bent upwards for uncovering the inlet for the blown air.
  • the burner-tube with the jet-body and the igniter electrodes is mounted behind an air arrangement.
  • the burner-tube is preferably parallel to the axis of the blower wheel.
  • the combustion-air is then led at right angles over guide-plates, or spirally into the burner-tube.
  • This type of deflection causes only restricted flow-losses, and guarantees uniform velocity distribution in the burner-tube.
  • the lower casing can be formed with a spiral of any optional height (dependent on the maximum throughput) and that the lower casing is equipped with all the components, so that, in a very simple way (raised flap 38) absolutely perfect air-guidance is achieved.
  • the burner-head assembly can be withdrawn, as by means of a bayonet closure. Very short, and also very long burner-tubes are feasible.
  • the parts can be covered by the removable cap 40.
  • the lower casing moreover, can be made by casting or injection, and the vanes can be cast along with it.
  • the cover-plate can be made in a very simple fashion.
  • the flange 40" is for attachment to the boiled wall 40a.
  • the cross-current blower of the burner according to the invention has a rotor 50, a guide-plate 51 guiding the air-flow, and a vortex bathe-plate 52 separating the ingoing and outgoing flow.
  • the guide-plate diverges towards inlet 53, constantly away from the periphery of the rotor, and transmutes into a spiral shape.
  • the angle at between the tangent 54 at the start of the guide-plate, or at the turning-point on the inlet-side, and the tangent 55 at the part of the guide-plate limiting the outlet-area is, according to the invention, considerably smaller than degrees, and preferably comes to 30 to 60 degrees.
  • the vortex battle-plate 52 has two side faces 52a, 52b, together forming an angle of about 10 to 60 degrees.
  • the arrangement is so designed that the slot 77 between the suction-side arm 52b of the vortex baffieplate and the periphery of the rotor tapers inwardly in the direction of the vortex, against the direction of rotation.
  • the arrangement is so designed that the sector angle 8 between diameter d which passes through the turning-point at the inlet-side, or the beginning of the guide-plate, and diameter d which passes through the point on the rotors circumference lying closest to the vortex baflle-plate, is less than 180 degrees.
  • the sector angle 'ymeasured in the direction of rotation, or the opposite waybetween diameters al and d which passes through the point of tangency of the vortex bafl'leplate, lies between 5 and 60 degrees.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is so designed that the air meeting the rotor in the region of the vortex bafile-plate is directed more or less tangentially to rotors circumference. This is attributable to the .11- rangement of the vortex bathe-plate opposite the rotor, and to its association with it. Another factor contributing to the effect according to the invention is that the area of the vortex baflle-plate lying closest to the rotor covers only a small section of the rotors circumference.
  • flow guidance means are associated with the rotor, said means contributing to the formation of at least one return-channel 75, tapering, for example, from the pressure-side 76 towards the suctionside 77, by means of which part of the air-current issuing from the rotor is returned from the pressureto the suction-side.
  • the returnchannel 75 is formed by a small guide-plate 56 which runs at a distance from the vortex battle-plate. The flow shown in FIG. 5 is then created.
  • the return-flow channel can taper from the pressuretowards the suctionside.
  • a pusher can be provided at the inlet-opening of the return-channel.
  • the guide-plates can, as in FIG. 7, be pivotable at the end nearest the rotor, towards and away from the said rotor.
  • the vortex bafile-plate itself can also be formed as a means of flow-guideance, consisting of a hollow body, whose walls, on the pressureand suction-side, have holes, slits or like openings 78 (FIG. 12) to allow the medium to pass through.
  • the vortex baffle-plate can have, in cross-section the shape of a triangular wedge, which, for example as in FIG. 5, can be pivoted around an axis parallel to the blowers rotary axis.
  • the vortex baffle-plate can also be sickle-shaped (cf. 59 in FIG. 6), and, for example, can be movable along the rotors circumference while remaining parallel to itself, or it can be both movable and pivotable.
  • a pivotable vortex baflle-plate can be linked to an indicator 60, which is pivotable along a scale 61 so that the air throughput can be exactly set.
  • the volume of blown air is dependent on the said back-pressure.
  • Pressure-fluctuations in the system have no effect on the set volume of air blow in. Variations in altitude, that is, whether the burner is used at sea-level or in the mountains, a fact noticeable in the air-density can be allowed for; likewise extreme combustion-chamber pressure.
  • FIG. 9 shows the characteristic of an ultrastable blower, and at 71 the characteristic of a conventional blower.
  • the ultra-stable blower is characterized by minimal volume-change on pressure-alteration; the etfective work-point can lie at a considerably higher pressure, with the same volume (better combustion).
  • FIG. 10 it should be noted, in the case of the usual blower with characteristic 72, the pressure in the combustion-chamber during the ignition process can momentarily reach a multiple of the working-pressure, exceeding the maximum pressure attainable by the blower, so that the flame blows back; this is not the case for the ultra-stable cross-current blower.
  • Oil or gas burner including a casing containing a blower to convey the combustion air, said blower being formed as a cross-current blower, wherein the blower has a rotor and the casing includes a guide-plate which diverges constantly from the periphery of the rotor in the direction away from the inlet and transmutes into a spiral shape, wherein the angle between the tangent at the beginning of the curvature of the guide-plate and the tangent to the section of the guide-plate limiting the outlet-area is considerably less than degrees, wherein the vortex bafile-plate of the blower comprises two side walls together forming an angle of about 10 to 60 degrees, wherein the slot between the side wall of the vortex baflleplate on the suction-side and the periphery of the rotor tapers towards the vortex and against the direction of rotation, and wherein the casing includes flow guidance means associated with the rotor, said flow guidance means contributing to the formation of at least one return channel means, tapering between the pressure-side and
  • Oil or gas burner as claimed in claim 5, wherein the flow-guidance means comprises several successive guide-plates, forming a wedge, said guide-plates, with the vortex bafile-plate, forming several return channels.
  • Oil or gas burner as claimed in claim 1 wherein the casing comprises two separable parts which can be placed together, namely a lower casing member and a cover-plate, in which the fuel feed means comprise a drive-motor with a pump and a burner-head assembly carried by the cover-plate and a burner-tube associated with the burner-head assembly carried by the lower casing mamber, and in which, inside the casing between the cover-plate and the lower casing, there is located the blower rotor.
  • Oil or gas burner as claimed in claim :18 wherein the oil feed-pipe is movable to and fro longitudinally on the burner-head assembly.
  • the parts of the casing wall lying opposite the rotors rims have several closely spaced concentric annular grooves of substantially identical depth.
  • Oil or gas burner as claimed in claim 32 wherein for adaption to the height and/or the counter pressure the scale allotted to the said indicator is pivotable along a further scale.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
US717698A 1967-03-31 1968-04-01 Oil or gas burner with a cross-current blower having return flow means Expired - Lifetime US3667893A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1967Z0012777 DE1551757B2 (de) 1967-03-31 1967-03-31 Brenner fuer fluessigen brennstoff mit einem querstromgeblaese

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3667893A true US3667893A (en) 1972-06-06

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US717698A Expired - Lifetime US3667893A (en) 1967-03-31 1968-04-01 Oil or gas burner with a cross-current blower having return flow means

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3667893A (en:Method)
JP (1) JPS4827252B1 (en:Method)
BE (1) BE713036A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH497665A (en:Method)
DE (1) DE1551757B2 (en:Method)
FR (1) FR1573999A (en:Method)
GB (1) GB1208473A (en:Method)
NL (1) NL6804538A (en:Method)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4347218A (en) * 1977-09-02 1982-08-31 Anstalt Mura Apparatus for making carbon black
EP1318354A3 (en) * 2001-12-06 2004-03-31 Modine Manufacturing Company Enclosure for an infrared heater
US20060160042A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-07-20 E. C. B. Gmbh Device for mounting a fan burner on a combustion chamber
CN107990315A (zh) * 2017-11-24 2018-05-04 北京拓首能源科技股份有限公司 一种工艺加热炉燃烧器用中心点火低氮排放燃料枪

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52122934A (en) * 1976-04-08 1977-10-15 Tomoe Shokai Kk Burner
JPS60157636U (ja) * 1983-10-06 1985-10-21 三洋化学工業株式会社 緊密中栓
GB9317963D0 (en) * 1993-08-28 1993-10-13 E O G B Energy Products Ltd A burner
IT1288866B1 (it) * 1996-03-22 1998-09-25 F I M Fonderia Ind Meccanich E Bruciatore perfezionato per generatore di calore
JP6487179B2 (ja) * 2014-10-22 2019-03-20 サンデンホールディングス株式会社 送風機
CN120101135B (zh) * 2025-05-09 2025-07-29 佛山市安然热工机电设备有限公司 低氮烧嘴

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4347218A (en) * 1977-09-02 1982-08-31 Anstalt Mura Apparatus for making carbon black
EP1318354A3 (en) * 2001-12-06 2004-03-31 Modine Manufacturing Company Enclosure for an infrared heater
US20060160042A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-07-20 E. C. B. Gmbh Device for mounting a fan burner on a combustion chamber
US8177548B2 (en) 2004-12-23 2012-05-15 Elco Burners Gmbh Device for mounting a fan burner on a combustion chamber
CN107990315A (zh) * 2017-11-24 2018-05-04 北京拓首能源科技股份有限公司 一种工艺加热炉燃烧器用中心点火低氮排放燃料枪
CN107990315B (zh) * 2017-11-24 2024-01-05 北京拓首能源科技股份有限公司 一种工艺加热炉燃烧器用中心点火低氮排放燃料枪

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1573999A (en:Method) 1969-07-11
JPS4827252B1 (en:Method) 1973-08-21
CH497665A (de) 1970-10-15
BE713036A (en:Method) 1968-07-31
GB1208473A (en) 1970-10-14
DE1551757A1 (de) 1970-05-14
NL6804538A (en:Method) 1968-10-01
DE1551757B2 (de) 1977-01-20

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