US3665935A - Method of straightening keratinous fibers - Google Patents
Method of straightening keratinous fibers Download PDFInfo
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- US3665935A US3665935A US46653A US3665935DA US3665935A US 3665935 A US3665935 A US 3665935A US 46653 A US46653 A US 46653A US 3665935D A US3665935D A US 3665935DA US 3665935 A US3665935 A US 3665935A
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- hair
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- fibers
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- ammonia
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 alkali metal sulphides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- ZGSDJMADBJCNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S-][NH3+] Chemical compound [S-][NH3+] ZGSDJMADBJCNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 9
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002113 octoxynol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 210000004761 scalp Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M stearalkonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XWNSFEAWWGGSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-acetyl-4-methylheptanedinitrile Chemical compound N#CCCC(C)(C(=O)C)CCC#N XWNSFEAWWGGSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091036429 KCNQ1OT1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004153 Potassium bromate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000007113 Rumex obtusifolius Species 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromate Inorganic materials [O-]Br(=O)=O SXDBWCPKPHAZSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000001520 comb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- UYDLBVPAAFVANX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCCOCCOCCOCCO)C=C1 UYDLBVPAAFVANX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019396 potassium bromate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940094037 potassium bromate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
- A45D—HAIRDRESSING OR SHAVING EQUIPMENT; EQUIPMENT FOR COSMETICS OR COSMETIC TREATMENTS, e.g. FOR MANICURING OR PEDICURING
- A45D2/00—Hair-curling or hair-waving appliances ; Appliances for hair dressing treatment not otherwise provided for
- A45D2/001—Hair straightening appliances
- A45D2/002—Hair straightening appliances with combs
Definitions
- ABSTRACT This invention concerns a method of straightening keratinous [52] U 5 Cl 132/7 fibers, especially hair, by applying an oily preparation, sublsn In. .0 7/00 q y pp y g a composition containing ammonia and [58] Fie'ld 32/7 34 R thioglycolic acid as constituents, applying tension to the fibers y g pp g them between under tension between a mandrel and a clamp and subsequently releasing the tension when [56] References Cited fibers have been straightened.
- the oily composition may con- UNlTED STATES PATENTS tain cholesterol, sulphonated castor oil, sodium lauryl sul hate and water. 3,399,682 9/1968 lsaji ..132/7 p 9/1955 Westerberg ..l32/7 5 Claims, 2 Drawing figures METHOD STRAIGHTENING KERATINOUS FIBERS FIELD OF INVENTION DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
- thioglycolic acid, or a salt thereof, together with ammonia has been suggested as a means for softening hair.
- the present invention provides a method of straightening keratinous fibers of a curly or krinkly nature, which comprises the steps of applying to thekeratinous fibers an oily preparation capable of making them combable and slippery; subsequently applying a composition comprising thioglycolic acid, or a salt thereof, and ammonia; before, during or after applying the composition, applying tension to the fibers; maintaining the tension for a period of time while the composition is in contact with the fibers sufficiently long to cause a straightening of the fibers, and thereafter removing the tension, wherein the tension is applied by winding the fibers around a mandrel and gripping these wound fibers between a clamp and the mandrel.
- the method according to the present invention it is possible to straighten keratinous fibers, especially hair of a curly or crinkly nature.
- the straightened hair can remain in its new state until the straightened hair grows out.
- the method does not require the use of caustic alkalisorheat, and so can if desired, be efiected by amateurs for example at home.
- the method preferably is used by, professional hair stylists and/or beauticians. It appears that the treatment by the method according to the invention causes a marked psychological improvement a person who has naturally crinkly (i.e. fuzzy) hair.
- the invention isparticularly applicable to the straightening -of human hair of a crinkly or'curly nature and will now be described with reference to fibers of this nature, though it is applicable to other crinkly or curly keratinous fibers.
- the first step comprises applying to the hair an oily preparation which makes it combable and slippery. Any suitable preparation having these properties may be used.
- a preferred preparation comprises cholesterol, a sulphonated castor oil and a sulphonated oil such as an alkali metal lauryl sulphate, a sulphonated castor oil and a sulphonated oil.
- a very preferred preparation is as follows:
- INGREDIENT QUANTITY Cholesterol 8 ounces Sulphonated castor oil 4 ounces Sodium lauryl sulphate l ounce Distilled water 4 ounces Preferably, slightly less ammonia is used. The quantity of ammonia should be controlled, since too much of this ingredient has a caustic effect and an undesirable pungent smell. However, the ammonia is important, since it appears to enhance the wetting" of the hair by the composition, and also makes the hair absorbent to the composition.
- An optional ingredient in the composition is at least one alkali metal or ammonium sulphite or sulphide, for example am- 4 monium or sodium sulphite or sulphide.
- This ingredient is preferably present in a comparatively small quantity, preferably about 5 parts by weight of the total composition.
- the sodium sulphite, if used, preferably is dissolved in a small quantity of water before being incorporated in the fonnulation. The quantity of this ingredient should be small, since too much would dry the hair. It is believed that this ingredient cooperates with the v thioglycolic acid to bring about the reasonably permanent straightening of the hair.
- a surface active agent may advantageously be incorporated in the composition.
- the surface active agent may be anionic, cationic or nonionic.
- the surface active agent may be octylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol, a sodium alkyl aryl polyether sulphonate a sodium alkyl aryl polyether sulphate, stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride or gum arabic.
- the above-mentioned surface active agents may be obtained commercially, and examples are the surfactants (also known as detergents and emulsifiers) sold by Rohm and Haas under the trade mark Triton.
- Triton X 100 Triton X 200, Triton X 301, and Triton X 400. If gum arabic is used it acts in addition as a thickener for the composition.
- the surface active agent apparently also serves to soften the hair, and is preferably employed in about equal quantity by volume compared with thethioglycolic acid.
- a thinner may be incorporated.
- a suitable thinner is an alkanolamine, for example monoethanolamine; alternatively or in combination therewith, alcohol may be used.
- a quantity of thinner equal to about one half to three quarters of the total volume of the formulation, provides a composition of a suitable consistency.
- sodium lauryl sulphate may be incorporated as a further ingredient. It is believed that this ingredient acts as a softener for the hair, and it also serves as a surfactant. It is preferably incorporated in a comparatively small quantity.
- composition may be made up further to the desired consistency by the addition of water, preferably distilled water.
- a preferred tensioning means comprises a substantially cylindrical roller around which the hair is adapted to be gripped, means for rotating the cylindrical roller and clamping means for clamping the hair under tension.
- the roller may have a plurality of longitudinally extending combs on its circumference, which preferably is unperforated.
- the means for rotating the roller may comprise a handle or grip at one end thereof.
- the handle or grip may be integral with the body part.
- a cylindrical tubular body may be provided, preferably being unperforated to prevent air passage so as to improve the effect of the formulation, and having a plurality of upright teeth to engage with and hold the hair.
- the body may be formed into a handle or grip, by means of which the curler may be manipulated to wind the hair securely and speedily.
- the handle or grip may be a separate element adapted to be engaged with the body part for manipulating the body part.
- the handle may be an elongated rodlike member having keying means at its one end, and then the body part may be shaped to engage with a body part to manipulate the body part for securely and speedily winding the hair; and afterwards the handle may be removed and used on the next body part.
- the clamping means may comprise a tubular body part having a longitudinal opening therein and adapted to clip over the roller with wound hair to hold it in position.
- the tubular body of the clamp may be of plastic and may be perforated to permit the passage of air.
- the tubular body of the clamp has securing means for securing it in position.
- This means may comprise teeth along one of the edges of the longitudinal opening, adapted to bear against the scalp and to engage in the hair.
- the tubular body of the clamp may have spring means to hold it resiliently but tightly over the curler with wound hair.
- the edges of the longitudinal opening may be biassed towards one another.
- the hair After releasing the tension, the hair preferably is rinsed.
- a neutralizer comprising an alkali metal bromate and optionally also comprising sodium lauryl sulphate may be applied to the hair.
- the oxidizing properties of neutralizers of this type are well known.
- the neutralizer is subsequently rinsed out.
- the neutralizer may comprise about 1 part by weight of each of potassium bromate and sodium lauryl sulphate, and about 12.5 parts by weight of water.
- FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a separated roller and clamp
- FIG. 2 is an isometric view of another form of separated roller and clamp suitable for use in the present invention.
- a solid roller has a handle 12 at one end thereof.
- the circumference of the roller has a plurality of spikes 14 capable of gripping hair.
- the clamp comprises a longitudinal body part 16 capable of being clipped over the roller and having teeth 18, 20 extending along a longitudinal opening therein.
- a solid roller 10 has teeth in the form of a plurality of ridges 22 between cuts on its circumference.
- the roller has a slot 24 in one end, into which a winding handle 26 can be fitted.
- Clamp 28 has a cylindrical body part 30, open edges 32, 34 of which are biassed towards each other. Handles 36, 38 enable the edges to be forced away from each other.
- the formulation preferably has a thick, creamy consistency
- a method of straightening a persons krinkly or curly hair substantially without causing pain to the scalp which comprises the steps of rinsing the hair with an oily preparation to make the hair combable and slippery; subsequently applying a composition comprising ammonia and a compound selected from the group consisting of thioglycolic acid and salts thereof, applying tension to the hair strands by winding the hair strands under tension around a mandrel and providing a clamp over the mandrel to grip the hair strands wound thereon whereby the individual strands are under tension on the parts wound around the mandrel but are substantially free from tension on the part between the mandrel and the person's scalp; maintaining the tension for a period of time while the composition is in contact with the hair strands sufficiently long to cause a straightening of the fibers; and thereafter removing the tension.
- ammonia-containing composition further comprises a sulphurcontaining compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulphides, ammonium sulphide, alkali metal sulphites and ammonium sulphite.
- a sulphurcontaining compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulphides, ammonium sulphide, alkali metal sulphites and ammonium sulphite.
- ammonia-containing composition contains a member selected from the group consisting of surface active agents and alkanolamines.
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- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
This invention concerns a method of straightening keratinous fibers, especially hair, by applying an oily preparation, subsequently applying a composition containing ammonia and thioglycolic acid as constituents, applying tension to the fibers by gripping them between under tension between a mandrel and a clamp and subsequently releasing the tension when fibers have been straightened. The oily composition may contain cholesterol, sulphonated castor oil, sodium lauryl sulphate and water.
Description
e United States Patent [151 3,665,935 Kingshott May 30, 1972 [54] METHOD OF STRAIGHTENING 3,472,604 10/1969 Dasher et a1 ..132/7 KERATINOUS FIBERS 3,39 91,23: 941328 ,15 11 1 4 [72] Inventor: Patricia Alexandra Klngshott, Pinetown, 3,376,375 4/1968 Natal Province, Republic of South Africa 2,855,811 12/1953 [73] Assignee: Kingshott Investments (Proprietary) Limited, Durban, Natal Providence, gg'ff' g 'f j o sis an xammer-- v r Republic of South Africa Anomey Karl w. Rocks [22] Filed: June 16, 1970 211 App]. No.1 46,653 [57] ABSTRACT This invention concerns a method of straightening keratinous [52] U 5 Cl 132/7 fibers, especially hair, by applying an oily preparation, sublsn In. .0 7/00 q y pp y g a composition containing ammonia and [58] Fie'ld 32/7 34 R thioglycolic acid as constituents, applying tension to the fibers y g pp g them between under tension between a mandrel and a clamp and subsequently releasing the tension when [56] References Cited fibers have been straightened. The oily composition may con- UNlTED STATES PATENTS tain cholesterol, sulphonated castor oil, sodium lauryl sul hate and water. 3,399,682 9/1968 lsaji ..132/7 p 9/1955 Westerberg ..l32/7 5 Claims, 2 Drawing figures METHOD STRAIGHTENING KERATINOUS FIBERS FIELD OF INVENTION DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART For many years, proposals have been made for straightening hair of a crinkly or curly nature. The use of thioglycolic acid, or a salt thereof, together with ammonia has been suggested as a means for softening hair. Many formulations containing this acid or a salt thereof have been proposed and/or utilized but it is believedthat all the proposals so far have not been entirely successful. Many of the known compositions concerned contain a caustic alkali, which has a dilepatory action and/or require the use of heat.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a method of straightening keratinous fibers of a curly or krinkly nature, which comprises the steps of applying to thekeratinous fibers an oily preparation capable of making them combable and slippery; subsequently applying a composition comprising thioglycolic acid, or a salt thereof, and ammonia; before, during or after applying the composition, applying tension to the fibers; maintaining the tension for a period of time while the composition is in contact with the fibers sufficiently long to cause a straightening of the fibers, and thereafter removing the tension, wherein the tension is applied by winding the fibers around a mandrel and gripping these wound fibers between a clamp and the mandrel.
With the method according to the present invention it is possible to straighten keratinous fibers, especially hair of a curly or crinkly nature. The straightened hair can remain in its new state until the straightened hair grows out. Furthen'nore, the method does not require the use of caustic alkalisorheat, and so can if desired, be efiected by amateurs for example at home. However, the method preferably is used by, professional hair stylists and/or beauticians. It appears that the treatment by the method according to the invention causes a marked psychological improvement a person who has naturally crinkly (i.e. fuzzy) hair. V I
The invention isparticularly applicable to the straightening -of human hair of a crinkly or'curly nature and will now be described with reference to fibers of this nature, though it is applicable to other crinkly or curly keratinous fibers.
. The first step comprises applying to the hair an oily preparation which makes it combable and slippery. Any suitable preparation having these properties may be used. A preferred preparation comprises cholesterol, a sulphonated castor oil and a sulphonated oil such as an alkali metal lauryl sulphate, a sulphonated castor oil and a sulphonated oil. A very preferred preparation is as follows:
INGREDIENT QUANTITY Cholesterol 8 ounces Sulphonated castor oil 4 ounces Sodium lauryl sulphate l ounce Distilled water 4 ounces Preferably, slightly less ammonia is used. The quantity of ammonia should be controlled, since too much of this ingredient has a caustic effect and an undesirable pungent smell. However, the ammonia is important, since it appears to enhance the wetting" of the hair by the composition, and also makes the hair absorbent to the composition.
An optional ingredient in the composition is at least one alkali metal or ammonium sulphite or sulphide, for example am- 4 monium or sodium sulphite or sulphide. This ingredient is preferably present in a comparatively small quantity, preferably about 5 parts by weight of the total composition. The sodium sulphite, if used, preferably is dissolved in a small quantity of water before being incorporated in the fonnulation. The quantity of this ingredient should be small, since too much would dry the hair. It is believed that this ingredient cooperates with the v thioglycolic acid to bring about the reasonably permanent straightening of the hair.
As a further ingredient, a surface active agent may advantageously be incorporated in the composition. The surface active agent may be anionic, cationic or nonionic. The surface active agent may be octylphenoxy polyethoxyethanol, a sodium alkyl aryl polyether sulphonate a sodium alkyl aryl polyether sulphate, stearyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride or gum arabic. The above-mentioned surface active agents may be obtained commercially, and examples are the surfactants (also known as detergents and emulsifiers) sold by Rohm and Haas under the trade mark Triton. Examples are Triton X 100, Triton X 200, Triton X 301, and Triton X 400. If gum arabic is used it acts in addition as a thickener for the composition. The surface active agent apparently also serves to soften the hair, and is preferably employed in about equal quantity by volume compared with thethioglycolic acid.
In order to render the composition into a suitable consistency, a thinner may be incorporated. A suitable thinner is an alkanolamine, for example monoethanolamine; alternatively or in combination therewith, alcohol may be used. A quantity of thinner equal to about one half to three quarters of the total volume of the formulation, provides a composition of a suitable consistency.
Finally, sodium lauryl sulphate may be incorporated as a further ingredient. It is believed that this ingredient acts as a softener for the hair, and it also serves as a surfactant. It is preferably incorporated in a comparatively small quantity.
The composition may be made up further to the desired consistency by the addition of water, preferably distilled water. I
Preferably before applying tension, though if desired during or after applying tension, the composition is applied. The time for which tension is applied will depend on the actual constituents of the composition, the extent of the tension and the hair being treated. Preferably tension is applied until substantially all of the hair under tension is straightened though if desired smaller amounts (eg from 50 percent of the curls or krinkles) may be straightened. Tension is generally applied for from 15 to 25 minutes, though simple testing will show the optirnum time for a given head of hair. Generally, about 20 minutes is sufficient. A preferred tensioning means comprises a substantially cylindrical roller around which the hair is adapted to be gripped, means for rotating the cylindrical roller and clamping means for clamping the hair under tension. The roller may have a plurality of longitudinally extending combs on its circumference, which preferably is unperforated.
The means for rotating the roller may comprise a handle or grip at one end thereof. In one form, the handle or grip may be integral with the body part. Thus, a cylindrical tubular body may be provided, preferably being unperforated to prevent air passage so as to improve the effect of the formulation, and having a plurality of upright teeth to engage with and hold the hair. At one or both ends, the body may be formed into a handle or grip, by means of which the curler may be manipulated to wind the hair securely and speedily.
In another form, the handle or grip may be a separate element adapted to be engaged with the body part for manipulating the body part. Thus the handle may be an elongated rodlike member having keying means at its one end, and then the body part may be shaped to engage with a body part to manipulate the body part for securely and speedily winding the hair; and afterwards the handle may be removed and used on the next body part.
The clamping means may comprise a tubular body part having a longitudinal opening therein and adapted to clip over the roller with wound hair to hold it in position. The tubular body of the clamp may be of plastic and may be perforated to permit the passage of air.
The tubular body of the clamp has securing means for securing it in position. This means may comprise teeth along one of the edges of the longitudinal opening, adapted to bear against the scalp and to engage in the hair. Alternatively or in addition the tubular body of the clamp may have spring means to hold it resiliently but tightly over the curler with wound hair. For example the edges of the longitudinal opening may be biassed towards one another.
After releasing the tension, the hair preferably is rinsed. If desired, a neutralizer comprising an alkali metal bromate and optionally also comprising sodium lauryl sulphate may be applied to the hair. The oxidizing properties of neutralizers of this type are well known. Preferably, the neutralizer is subsequently rinsed out. The neutralizer may comprise about 1 part by weight of each of potassium bromate and sodium lauryl sulphate, and about 12.5 parts by weight of water.
DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a separated roller and clamp; and
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of another form of separated roller and clamp suitable for use in the present invention.
With reference to FIG. 1, a solid roller has a handle 12 at one end thereof. The circumference of the roller has a plurality of spikes 14 capable of gripping hair. The clamp comprises a longitudinal body part 16 capable of being clipped over the roller and having teeth 18, 20 extending along a longitudinal opening therein.
In FIG. 2, a solid roller 10 has teeth in the form of a plurality of ridges 22 between cuts on its circumference. The roller has a slot 24 in one end, into which a winding handle 26 can be fitted. Clamp 28 has a cylindrical body part 30, open edges 32, 34 of which are biassed towards each other. Handles 36, 38 enable the edges to be forced away from each other.
EXAMPLES The following examples illustrate preferred thioglycolic acid containing compositions which can be used'in the method of the invention.
Water (distilled) 2| mls First the thioglycollic acid and ammonia are mixed, and then the sodium sulphite (dissolved in water) is added, while stirring. Next the Triton is added slowly, and subsequently the mono-ethanolamine and alcohol, still with continuous stirring. Finally the sodium lauryl sulphate is added, and the formulation is made up to the desired consistency by the addition of water.
The formulation preferably has a thick, creamy consistency,
with a pH of about 9.5 and a specific gravity of about 1.06.
It has been found that coarse, naturally crinkly or fuzzy hair treated according to the invention with this composition, became permanently straightened, or at least straightened for prolonged periods, and acquired a soft, silky feel and easily manageable quality.
1. A method of straightening a persons krinkly or curly hair substantially without causing pain to the scalp, which comprises the steps of rinsing the hair with an oily preparation to make the hair combable and slippery; subsequently applying a composition comprising ammonia and a compound selected from the group consisting of thioglycolic acid and salts thereof, applying tension to the hair strands by winding the hair strands under tension around a mandrel and providing a clamp over the mandrel to grip the hair strands wound thereon whereby the individual strands are under tension on the parts wound around the mandrel but are substantially free from tension on the part between the mandrel and the person's scalp; maintaining the tension for a period of time while the composition is in contact with the hair strands sufficiently long to cause a straightening of the fibers; and thereafter removing the tension.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein tension is applied to the hair strands before the ammonia-containing composition is applied.
3. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein tension is applied to the hair strands after the ammonia-containing composition is applied.
4. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the ammonia-containing composition further comprises a sulphurcontaining compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulphides, ammonium sulphide, alkali metal sulphites and ammonium sulphite.
5. A method in accordance with claim 4, wherein the ammonia-containing composition contains a member selected from the group consisting of surface active agents and alkanolamines.
* lit 1* l
Claims (4)
- 2. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein tension is applied to the hair strands before the ammonia-containing composition is applied.
- 3. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein tension is applied to the hair strands after the ammonia-containing composition is applied.
- 4. A method in accordance with claim 1, wherein the ammonia-containing composition further comprises a sulphur-containing compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal sulphides, ammonium sulphide, alkali metal sulphites and ammonium sulphite.
- 5. A method in accordance with claim 4, wherein the ammonia-containing composition contains a member selected from the group consisting of surface active agents and alkanolamines.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US4665370A | 1970-06-16 | 1970-06-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3665935A true US3665935A (en) | 1972-05-30 |
Family
ID=21944643
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US46653A Expired - Lifetime US3665935A (en) | 1970-06-16 | 1970-06-16 | Method of straightening keratinous fibers |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3665935A (en) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2719104A (en) * | 1951-07-11 | 1955-09-27 | Carl G Westerberg | Dyeing composition and process for keratinaceous material |
US2865811A (en) * | 1952-05-02 | 1958-12-23 | Irval Cosmetics Inc | Hair straightener containing a kerating reducing agent, anionic wetting agent and water-soluble soap and method of using same |
US3157578A (en) * | 1959-07-23 | 1964-11-17 | Oreal | Permanent deformation of hair |
US3376875A (en) * | 1964-02-25 | 1968-04-09 | Rosan Jose | Hair curler with removable rotating means |
US3399682A (en) * | 1963-08-05 | 1968-09-03 | Hoyu Shokai Kk | Method of simultaneously permanently dyeing and waving human hair |
US3399683A (en) * | 1966-04-11 | 1968-09-03 | Realistic Company | Method for waving and styling hair |
US3472604A (en) * | 1965-09-27 | 1969-10-14 | Clairol Inc | Retarding damage to hair on the head with polymerizable vinyl monomers in bleaching or dyeing processes |
-
1970
- 1970-06-16 US US46653A patent/US3665935A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2719104A (en) * | 1951-07-11 | 1955-09-27 | Carl G Westerberg | Dyeing composition and process for keratinaceous material |
US2865811A (en) * | 1952-05-02 | 1958-12-23 | Irval Cosmetics Inc | Hair straightener containing a kerating reducing agent, anionic wetting agent and water-soluble soap and method of using same |
US3157578A (en) * | 1959-07-23 | 1964-11-17 | Oreal | Permanent deformation of hair |
US3399682A (en) * | 1963-08-05 | 1968-09-03 | Hoyu Shokai Kk | Method of simultaneously permanently dyeing and waving human hair |
US3376875A (en) * | 1964-02-25 | 1968-04-09 | Rosan Jose | Hair curler with removable rotating means |
US3472604A (en) * | 1965-09-27 | 1969-10-14 | Clairol Inc | Retarding damage to hair on the head with polymerizable vinyl monomers in bleaching or dyeing processes |
US3399683A (en) * | 1966-04-11 | 1968-09-03 | Realistic Company | Method for waving and styling hair |
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