US366560A - Magazine fire-arm - Google Patents

Description

{No Model.) 2 Sheets -Sheet 1;

A. BURGESS.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

Patented July 12, 1887.

A. BURGESS.

MAGAZINE FIRE ARM.

v Patented July 121887.,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW BURGESS, OF OWEGO, NEW YORK MAGAZl'NE FIRE-ARM SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 366,560, dated July 12, 1887. Applicalion and Jnncl5,1885. Serial Namefaw. (No model.

T all whom, it may concern: Be it known that I, ANDREW BURGESS, a

, citizen of the United States, residing at Owego,

- Fig. 2 shows the magazine-box and feeder atiachedto the side of the gun. Fig. 3 isa sec tional view of the feeder detached. Fig. 4 shows a modification of the feeder and magazine-box. Fig. 5 is a hiodific'ation of the ,-rrangement for cocking the gun, and Fig. 6 is a detached view of the extractor.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. v

A isthe frame of the gun; B, the bolt; B, the l'ockingbrac'e which engages the shoulder in the frame; B, the part of locking'brace which serves as a dog to cook the hammer. E is the extractor, and f the firing-pin. M is the magazine-box fixed to the gun; M, a detachable cartridge guard or carrier.

In this gun a reciprocating breech is moved and locked by a brace pivoted in the bolt in asimilar manner to that shown in my'Pateht No. 290,529, but the operating projection of.

the brace is engaged by or connected to a sliding' guard, by which it is operated, as shown in some of my later applications; but the sliding guard is not a feature of this invention, as a slide forward of the frame connected to the locking-brace, or any other known way to operate it,may be' substituted for the sliding guard, and the magazine-box, the cartridge feeder, and the extractor may be applied to various kinds of breechloading fire-arms.

. In Fig. 1 it will be seen the locking-braceis made in two parts, the part B" being pivoted or hung in the bolt B and the part B' having a limited independent movement on the part B. The part, B is connected to the operat ing-handle. The pivoted part B" of the brace :extends back to terminate in the rod or dog I),

to engage a shoulder in the hammer above its pivot to cook it, and said rod is wide at its rear, so that the bolt is closed home by the dog b closing down against the swinging cam or fly S, hung inthe frame, or by the spring I S, or both,'when the .bolt moves so far forward that the-inclined rear of the' part B of the brace reaches the inclined locking-shouldersin the frame, or the dog b reaches the inclined top of the camfly S, the part B pushing the bolt forward by the spring 8 and the dog or arm b cam'ming forward on the incline of thefly S, so that when the breech is closed the parts take the position shown in Fig. I (the forward position of the-hammer being shown 7 in dotted lines) until the discharge takes place.

When the gun is fired, the cartridge, recoiling against the bolt, drivesit forcibly back, and the part B'" of the brace is carried by it, so that the rear end of part B", constituting the dog b, engaging the notch b above the pivot of 7 the hammer, drives back the hammer to cock it, as shown in-full lines; but the part B of the brace remains unchanged in its locking position and -receives the force of the recoil of the bolt (after it has compressed the spring S) by its forward end or shoulder receiving the impact of the corresponding shoulder on'the part B". The reaction of the spring S will usually return the bolt forward to nearly or quite its closed position, driving the exploded 8 5 shell again forward; but that is immaterial inthe action of the arm, as the usualmovement of unlocking the bolt raises the rear of part B of the brace above thelockin'g-shoulders in the frame, and also the rear of part B ordog 0 b up against the cam-fly, turning it up to 8.1:- low said dogto' rise above its point, when its spring will return the fly to theposition here shown, to be ready to again cam home the bolt when being closed, as before described. 5

The firing'pin f is held in the bolt bya pin in the slot f, whose rear wall is inclined for ward, as shown, so that when the firing-pin is forced upward-ale by the unlocking of the brace--the said incline forcesgthe firing-pin rearward, ahd'tbe rearof said firing-pin is raised above the striking part'of the hammer-,

Ipo

so the firing-pn| can neither be driven forward (as it is held back by the pin) nor struck by the hammer, except when the brace is in its locking position.

The rear of the firing-pin is arranged to spring downward, as here shown, in position to receive the blow of the hammer. This is here effected by the spring S bearing its forward end upward against the fulcrum f' n the bolt to press the rear of the firingn downward, and the springif also bears downward on the locking-brace with a constant pressure, which has the effect of assisting the locking movenn-nt of the brace, and also to hold it with snfticient force when inritsloeked position to retain it,thcre, and thereby hold the operating-handle in its forward or lockng position against its own weight and the ar ofcarryin the gun, butyieldingtogrcater force when the handle is moicd toopcratethc breech mechanism.

The extractor E is hung in the top of the face of the bolt to spring downward ortoward the axis of the bolt to grasp and withdraw the cartridge; but when in withdrawing the bolt it reaches nearly to its rcarmost position the extractor strikes a projection, as c, in the frame, which turns the forward end of the ex tractor up and backward to allow the cartridgc-shell to rise upward out of the frame.

The brace may be made in one piece, and having movement in the bolt, and the spring, as S, arranged forward of the brace to press it toward its rear position in the bolt and opcrate to cock the hammer in a manner similar to the double brace; but in that case I prefer to arrange a spring between 'the operatinghandle and its engaging-point on the brace to prevent the recoil of the brace from forcibly drivingback the handle.

in Fig. 2 the cartridge-feeder F and magazincbox )l are attached to the right-hand side of the gun; but they maybe arranged atthe othersidc, as partly shown in Fig. i, when preferred, or when applied to ordinary bolt-guns. The upright part or long arm of feeder F is hollowed outin front,and grooved to rcceivethc heads ofthc cartridges in a manner well known in machine-guns) and hold them in position to feed downward by gravity to an opening in the side of the frame, into which they are forced by a lever in a manner similar to that shown in my Patent No. 303,262. The feeder has a short arm, F, extending forward (when the feeder is in opcratireposition beneath the.

opening in the frame of the gun to stop the cartridges opposite said opening. The feeder is pivoted 'to the frame, .and a springcateh or ophcrknown means holds it in its upright po s tion when in use, or in a horizontal position when notin use, to feed the cartridges.

A magazine-box M, open at thetop, is fixed to-the side of the frame, of capacity to hold the cartriilg es that the feeder is arranged to carry, and in such position that its top will he when turned forward, and the cartridgesheld by their flanges by the feeder will ent r and hang pendent, in the magazine-box,which then protects them from shocks and exposure when the arm is being carried o'r uscd as a single- -loader. The outside of the magazine-box may be corrugated to stiffen it, and thohot tom perforated to allow sand or water to escape M may he sutlieient for that purpose; but

vertical grooves'are made in the outside of the st audard, as shown, to receive the inbent ends of the sides of the magazine-box M to hold the box in place, and also spring apart the sides of the bo\,so th cartridges can fall freely.

i may hang the feeder or standard F to turn down as before, and the detachable box M will turndown with it, and the 'fixcd magazinebox M may be retained to protect thede.

tachable, box and standard.

The dctachable'magazine or box )I' is made, preferably, of spring-tempered steel and open at the bottom, and at itsrearlowcr eml springing inward to hold the cartridges by springpressurefrom falling out until the sides are sprung apart by the feeder or standard, as above described, and the rear endsof thesides are bent inward at about a rightangle to form inner, projecting ribs to enter the outside grooves of the standard. \l'hen the inner grooves for the cartridge-flanges are retained in the standard l", thc inner top of the standard, being slightly beveled, will push the flanges of the cart ridges a little forward as the box is being forced down the. standard into position, so the flanges will enter the grooves, and if the box should then be detached the cartridges will feed downward, as at first/dcscribed, so the lower cartridge will lie opposite the opening in the frame.

The trigger T is hung in the guard-strap and has pivot-ed thereto a dog or sear, 1,Figs.' 4 and 5, which is engaged by a pawl or springcatch, 1, to pull off the gun, but released i|nmcd int ely t hereafter by the set-screw I'", which stops the catch I" to release it as the trigger is pulled back, when the dog or sear/will be free to spring back and engage the hammer to hold it as it is cooked hy'the recoil of the bolt.

In the modification of thc cocking device, l-ig. :i, the rot-oiling bolt. has a shoulder, 0, arranged to engage the. short arm 0' of the hung in the frame to sprint lover U,whit.h .s

closed or eovercdhy thelongarm of the feeder l 1|pward,'aml has a long arm to engage the pin ICO' o in the hammer below its pivot when turned by the bolt. An arm, B, is extended from the locking-block to bear down on and release lever from engagement; with the bolt and hammeusothatthehammermaythenbecocked 1n the ordinary way, and cam-pin 0 may be turned to hold said lever 0 out of operative engagement.

The fly'S, Fig. 1*, may be modified in various ways, as will be evident to a skilled mechanic.

The hammer may be 'moved either to half or full cock bymechanism of the same general character.

I do not limit my claims to. the particular .constrnction shown, but desire to cover, broadly, the movement of the hammer to half or full cock by a limited recoil of the bolt while in locked position.

I do not claim hereinthe peculiar construction of trigger, the same forming part of my application of J nly 18, 1885, No. 171,940.

I do not confine myself to the precise construe tlons shown, as I consider myself entitled to equivalent constructions, and to apply the novel features herein pointed out-to guns of other construction, so far as they are applicable.

I claim- 1. In a breech-loading firearm, a longitudinally-reciprocating breech-piece, a lockingbrac'e therefor, an abutment in the frame, against which saidbrace bears when the bolt is a little in rear of its forward position, a hammer, and a piece between the hammer and breech-piece which is forced into engagement with the hammer on the firing of the gun, to force the hammer back by the limited recoil of the-breech piece, all in combination sub stantial] y as described.

2. A reciprocating bolt, and a cocking-dog which connects the bolt and hammer, to cock thehammer by the-limited rccoil of the bolt, in combination with a locking-piece which,whilc engaging its locking-shoulder in the frame, carries the bolt forward ofits locking position, by means substantially as specified.

3. A brccch piece having reciprocating movement, and a. cockingdog attached to said brecclrpiccc, substantially as described, in combination with a cam-fly in position to form a bearing between the body of the gun and breech-piece, so as to force the brccclrpiccc forward, substantially as set forth.

4. In combination, in the frame of abrcechloading lire-arm, a longitudi[tally-reciprocating bolt, a brace which swings outward from the axis of the bolt to'lock the breech against a shoulder in the frame, and a cocking-dog arranged in the brace to bear against the hammer above its pivot when the breech is closed and the hammer down, the bolt having pacc affording a lost motion between its fo: .mrd

position and its locking position, through which it is forced to move rearward by the explosion of the charge to press back the hammer, substantially as described.

5. In combination, in the frame of a gun, a reciprocating bolt, a locking-brace formed in two parts, substantially as described, a spring to separate the parts of said brace, and a lock-. ing-shoulder in the frame, against which that part of the brace to which the operative handle is connected bears, substantial as speci- 6. In a reciprocating bolt, a tiring-pin arranged to be sprung into position to receive the blow of the hammer, in combination with a brace which swings outward from the axis of the bolt to lock the breech and inward to .So

unlock thebrccch, said brace being arranged to strike the rear of the firing-pin and swing it out of range of the hammer in unlocking the breech, substantially as set forth.

7. A reciprocating bolt, a brace which swings outward from the axis of the bolt to the extractor and turn it back vertically with the axis ofthe bolt, substantially as described, to release the cartridge'hi the last .part of the opening movement of the breech.

9. A cartridgeiccdcr pivoted to the frame and turningdown at the side thereof, substantially as described, andhaviug the grooves to receive and guide the cartridges by theirtiangcs, in combination with a magazine box or casing secured to the side of the breechframe to receive and cover the cartridges while held by their flanges.

10. A pivoted cartridge-feeder havingan arm to support the cartridges and a short arm to stop the cartridges, substantially as described, and a box independently attached to the gun below the feeder, in combination,

- substantially as described, whereby the feeder can be turned down to house the cartridges in the box, or turned up without moving the box. 1

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ANDREW BURGESS. \Vitnesscs: Y Y

A. Summon \VARNER, A. W. OAKLEY.

lock the breech, an operating sliding handle

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