US3665270A - Electric transducers for tension control in a winding device - Google Patents

Electric transducers for tension control in a winding device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3665270A
US3665270A US87701A US3665270DA US3665270A US 3665270 A US3665270 A US 3665270A US 87701 A US87701 A US 87701A US 3665270D A US3665270D A US 3665270DA US 3665270 A US3665270 A US 3665270A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
winding
output signal
filament
amplifier
web
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US87701A
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter John Henry Ayers
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T V Manufacturing Ltd
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T V Manufacturing Ltd
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/08—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with core, coil, winding, or shield movable to offset variation of voltage or phase shift, e.g. induction regulators
    • H01F29/12—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with core, coil, winding, or shield movable to offset variation of voltage or phase shift, e.g. induction regulators having movable coil, winding, or part thereof; having movable shield
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H59/00—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators
    • B65H59/02—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators by regulating delivery of material from supply package
    • B65H59/04—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators by regulating delivery of material from supply package by devices acting on package or support
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H59/00—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators
    • B65H59/38—Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators by regulating speed of driving mechanism of unwinding, paying-out, forwarding, winding, or depositing devices, e.g. automatically in response to variations in tension
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
    • G01D5/204—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils
    • G01D5/2053—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils by a movable non-ferromagnetic conductive element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/06—Coil winding
    • H01F41/094—Tensioning or braking devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
    • B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
    • B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments

Definitions

  • a winding arrangement for controlling the tension in a fila- Related US. Application Data ment or web being wound includes an electrical transducer [63] continuationdmpm of Ser No 792 698 Jan 21 comprising a first winding carried by a core of ferromagnetic I969 material, a second winding carried by a separate core of ferromagnetic material which is spaced from said first core and a [30] Foreign Application Priority Data movable member of electrically conducting material which can be moved into and out of the gap between the cores and Jan. 23, 1968 Great Britain ..3,573/68 which connected to a dancer arm resting on the web or fi]a ment to be wound. The varying output signal produced by the US. Cl.
  • the present invention relates to electrical transducers for producing a variable electrical output signal in response to a mechanical movement.
  • an electrical transducer comprises a first winding carried by a core of ferromagnetic material, a second winding carried by a separate core of ferromagnetic material which is spaced from said first core, and a member of electrically conducting material which can be moved into and out of the gap between the two cores.
  • said member is made of non-ferromagnetic material, although this is not essential.
  • the separation between the two coil and core assemblies is such that whenone winding of the transducer is energized by a varying electric signal, preferably an alternating signal, a voltage is induced in the other winding by means of the varying magnetic flux extending between the two windings and their respective cores, whereby an output signal can be derived from the other winding.
  • a varying electric signal preferably an alternating signal
  • the coupling between the two coil and core assemblies can be varied until, when said member is completely inserted between the cores, the coupling between them is at a minimum and preferably substantially zero.
  • the output signal from the second coil and core assembly can be varied between its maximum and minimum values by variation of the physical position of the member in relation to the gap between the two cores.
  • the transducer according to this invention may be used in any application where it is desired to produce an electrical output signal which varies in dependence upon a mechanical movement.
  • transducer is in winding apparatus for controlling the torque applied to a winding spindle on which a thread, wire, tape, web or other filament is being wound in order to maintain the tension in the thread or other filament substantially constant.
  • winding apparatus usually incorporates a dancer arm which rests on the thread or filament as it passes to the wind-up bobbin on which it is being wound.
  • movement of the dancer arm with variation in tension of the thread or filament causes movement of the member of a transducer as above described, thereby producing a varying output signal which can be applied to control the drive mechanism for the wind-up bobbin, in order to vary the driving torque so as to keep the tension in the thread or filament substantially at the correct value.
  • the two coil and core assemblies are mounted within a tubular housing of electrically insulating material, the interior wall of said housing carrying or being formed with a first locating means for the first coil and core assembly and a second locating means for the second coil and core assembly whereby to provide the desired gap between the adjacent ends of the cores and an aperture in the wall of said tubular housing through which a portion of the movable member can extend into the gap between the two cores.
  • the tubular member is cylindrical.
  • the internal bore size of the tubular member varies in a series of steps from one end to the other, at least some of said steps serving as locating means for the coil and core assemblies.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating one embodiment of transducer according to this invention and its associated circuitry
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 are diagrams illustrating the principle of .the transducer
  • FIGS. 5:: and 5b show respectively plan and side elevational views illustrating the use of a transducer according to the invention in an apparatus for winding threads or other filaments
  • FIG. 6 is an axial cross-section through a preferred construction of transducer according to this invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a side view of the transducer
  • FIG. 8 is an end view
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a control system for the winding apparatus of FIGS. 5a and 5b.
  • the transducer comprises a primary winding 4 wound on a core 5 which can be of any low reluctance material such as soft iron, silicon steel or a ferrite material.
  • the secondary winding 7 of the transducer is wound on a similar core 8.
  • a movable member 6, which may be in the form of a vane made from an electrically conducting non-ferromagnetic metal, for example copper or aluminium.
  • the winding 4 is energized by an alternating voltage from any convenient signal source, here shown as an oscillator 2, whose output is fed through an amplifier 3 to the winding 4.
  • the power supply for the circuits is shown at 1.
  • the output from the secondary winding 7 is fed through a demodulator 9 to a load impedance 10.
  • the load impedance may be part of a control system so that the output signal produced from the demodulator 9 effects a control function on the control system.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 the two assemblies comprising the primary winding 4 and core 5 and secondary winding 7 and core 8 are shown separated by a gap.
  • FIG. 3 indicates the effect of introducing a portion of the vane 6 half-way between the two cores 5 and 8.
  • the alternating flux produced by the primary winding 5 causes eddy currents to be produced in the vane 6, which in turn sets up its own magnetic field in such a direction as to oppose that field which caused the eddy current.
  • FIG. 4 shows the situation when the vane 6 is full inserted in the gap between the two assemblies, thus diverting all the flux and producing substantially no coupling between the primary and secondary coils and therefore no or only a very low value of output signal in the coil 7.
  • the pole faces of the cores 5 and 8 can be shaped to give any desired form of flux concentration while the vane, in conjunction with any given shape of pole face, may be so shaped and positioned to give any desired output voltage function with respect to the vane position.
  • the transducer described is of simple inexpensive and robust construction, the only moving part being the vane, which may be mounted on a simple bearing.
  • the function of the output signal as a position of the vane may be given any desired value dependent on the relative shapes of the vane and pole faces. Thus, it can be changed by shaping the vane, i.e. where linearity is only important about a small portion of the total travel, the vane could be a circular member pivoted off-center.
  • FIGS. 5a and 5b there is illustrated one embodiment of part of a winding apparatus for winding a thread or other filament and incorporating a transducer according to this invention for controlling the torque of the drive to the winding spindle and hence the tension in the thread or other filament, as it is being wound.
  • the two coil and core assemblies 4, 5 and 7, 8 of the transducer are shown mounted on a support 13 with a gap 12 between the 7 cores 5 and 8.
  • the vane 6 of aluminum, for example, is mounted on a rotatable spindle 14 which also supports a dancer arm 15 carrying a roller 16 at its free end.
  • the roller 16 rests on the thread or other filament 17 to be wound, on its passage to the wind-up bobbin 18 which is mounted on a drive spindle 19.
  • the drive to the wind-up bobbin has its torque controlled, by means of an induction coupling device, for example, as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,054,006, issued Sept. II, 1962. Instead of an induction coupling, either a DC. or
  • the dancer arm 15 serves to impart tension in the thread or filament due to the weight of the arm or some other force acting on the arm (e.g. by springs or additional weights or counter weights). This tension is balanced by a torque supplied to the drive spindle of the wind-up bobbin. Therefore, if the arm is maintained in a constant position, constant filament tension will result.
  • the arm moves away from a desired set position, thereby moving the position of the vane 6 relative to the gap 12 between the primary winding and secondary winding of the transducer.
  • the transducer thus produces an output signal depending upon the position of the arm and this output signal is applied to control the torque supplied to the drive spindle of the wind-up bobbin in order to change its speed so that the dancer arm is returned to the desired set position.
  • the tension in the thread or filament increases, it exerts a force on the roller on the dancer arm and rotates the spindle carrying this arm to move the vane more into the gap between the primary and secondary coils of the transducer. This in turn reduces the output signal from the transducer which operates to reduce the power to the induction coupling device and hence the torque applied to the drive spindle for the wind-up bobbin. This in turn reduces the tension in the thread or filament allowing the arm to return to the desired set position. The reverse action takes place when the tension in the thread or filament is decreased.
  • the vane 6 of electrically conducting material may be a magnetic material, such as mild steel, although its effective action may not be so good as where it is made of nonmagnetic material.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic circuit diagram for a control system for the arrangement of FIGS. 5a and 5b.
  • Oscillator 40 provides an alternating voltage, preferably above SKI-I2, to the ferrite cored coil 4 of the transducer. Magnetic flux produced by coil 4 couples with the further ferrite cored coil 7, the amount of coupling depending on the position of the electrical conducting vane 6 between coils 4 and 7.
  • the voltage induced by coil 4 into coil 7 is rectified by rectifier 41, smoothed by capacitor 42 and appears as a DC. voltage across resistor 43, the magnitude of this DC. voltage is dependent on the position of the electrically conducting vane 6.
  • a preset voltage selected by potentiometer 44 is applied to an amplifier 45 by means of resistor 46. Potentiometer 44 serves as a control to set the height of the dancer roll 16.
  • the voltage appearing across resistor 43 is applied to amplifier 45 by means of resistors 47 and 48, capacitor 50 providing a lower impedance path for transient voltage changes appearing across resistor 43. These voltages across resistors 43 and 46 are of opposite polarity and are compared in the amplifier 45, the amplified difference of the two voltages'appearing at the output of amplifier 45 at terminal 51. Resistor 52 controls the gain of amplifier 45. The output voltage of amplifier 45 is fed into a thyristor firing circuit 53 which produces a pulse at terminal 54, the phase of which is dependent on the magnitude of the voltage appearing at terminal 51.
  • This pulse is fed into the gate of a thyristor 55 which is part of a half-wave thyristor rectifier circuit comprising an excitation coil 56 in series with a thyristor 55 across an alternating voltage supply appearing across terminals 57 and 58.
  • the current in coil 56 is proportional to the position of vane 6 and this coil is the excitation coil of the induction coupling driving the spindle 19.
  • the torque of the coupling is dependent on the current flowing in coil 56 and hence on the vane position.
  • Also connected to terminals 57 and 58 are power supplies 59 to provide the necessary voltages to the oscillator 40, amplifier 45 and firing circuit 53.
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 a further embodiment of the transducer is shown, which comprises a tubular housing 21 of an electrical insulating material, for example a hollow cylindrical member formed from a plastics material.
  • the internal bore of the housing is machined or otherwise shaped to form the steps 22, 23 and 24 as shown.
  • the steps 22 and 24 form accurate locations for the holders 25 carrying the ferromagnetic cores 26 around which are disposed the coil assemblies 27.
  • the coils are themselves carried by coil formers 28 located in recesses 29 in the ends of the holders 25.
  • the step 23 is provided to facilitate insertion of the core 26 with its coil assembly 27.
  • the wall of the housing 21 is provided with an aperture 31 opposite this gap through which can pass a portion of a metal vane forming the movable member of the transducer.
  • the transducer assembly may be completed by plugs 32 to protect the ends of the assembly and if desired the assembly can be encapsulated for example in a suitable resin. Electrical connections to the coils of the transducer are made through terminals 33 carried by a terminal strip 34 mounted on the outside of the housing 21.
  • the wires 35 of the coils pass through small holes in the housing 21 and are secured to the terminals 33.
  • the tubular housing may be made of a sufficient length to accommodate a printed circuit board or microcircuit between each coil and core assembly and the adjacent plug 12.
  • the circuits would be similar to those of FIG. 1 and comprise the oscillatorand possibly an amplifier on the input side and an amplifier and/or demodulator on the output side.
  • an arrangement for controlling the torque applied to a winding spindle on which a web or filament is being wound in order to maintain the tension in the web or filament substantially constant comprising an electrical transducer having a first winding carried by a core of ferromagnetic material, a second winding coupled to said first winding and carried by a second core of ferromagnetic material which is spaced from said first core and a member of electrically conducting material which can be moved into and out of the gap between the cores, means for applying an alternating voltage to said first winding and means for deriving an output signal induced by said alternating voltage from said second winding, a dancer arm connected to the movable member and which rests on the web or filament when it is being wound, whereby movement of the dancer arm with variation in tension of the web or filament causes movement of the movable member of said transducer thereby varying the efiective coupling between said first and second coils and producing a varying output signal from said second coil,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Tension Adjustment In Filamentary Materials (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
US87701A 1968-01-23 1970-11-09 Electric transducers for tension control in a winding device Expired - Lifetime US3665270A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB357368 1968-01-23

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US3665270A true US3665270A (en) 1972-05-23

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US87701A Expired - Lifetime US3665270A (en) 1968-01-23 1970-11-09 Electric transducers for tension control in a winding device

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US (1) US3665270A (it)
CH (1) CH489786A (it)
DE (1) DE1903276A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2000616A1 (it)
GB (1) GB1250759A (it)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3924177A (en) * 1973-05-07 1975-12-02 Ampex Tape loop tension arm position indicator system
US5016561A (en) * 1987-06-05 1991-05-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Continuous vacuum processing apparatus
US6786306B2 (en) 2002-04-17 2004-09-07 James L. Tiner Elevator mechanism

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS53123980A (en) * 1977-04-05 1978-10-28 Teijin Ltd Instrument for checking tension of running yarn
CH665823A5 (de) * 1984-08-30 1988-06-15 Huemer Franz Xaver Spuleinrichtung.
IE55855B1 (en) * 1984-10-19 1991-01-30 Kollmorgen Ireland Ltd Position and speed sensors
EP0852217A3 (en) * 1997-01-03 1998-11-25 New House Textiles Limited A tension monitoring device
EP2149960A1 (en) * 2008-07-31 2010-02-03 Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. Electrical appliance with improved efficiency

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3924177A (en) * 1973-05-07 1975-12-02 Ampex Tape loop tension arm position indicator system
US5016561A (en) * 1987-06-05 1991-05-21 Hitachi, Ltd. Continuous vacuum processing apparatus
US6786306B2 (en) 2002-04-17 2004-09-07 James L. Tiner Elevator mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1250759A (it) 1971-10-20
CH489786A (de) 1970-04-30
FR2000616A1 (it) 1969-09-12
DE1903276A1 (de) 1969-09-04

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