US3665235A - Mercury vapor lamp - Google Patents

Mercury vapor lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
US3665235A
US3665235A US30413A US3665235DA US3665235A US 3665235 A US3665235 A US 3665235A US 30413 A US30413 A US 30413A US 3665235D A US3665235D A US 3665235DA US 3665235 A US3665235 A US 3665235A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
burner
lamp
envelope
lower portion
portions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US30413A
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English (en)
Inventor
Andre Albert Hugot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Electro Mecanique SA
Original Assignee
Compagnie Electro Mecanique SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Electro Mecanique SA filed Critical Compagnie Electro Mecanique SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3665235A publication Critical patent/US3665235A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/52—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Means for circulating gas or vapour within the discharge space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/33—Special shape of cross-section, e.g. for producing cool spot

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a mercury vapor lamp, and in particular to a high-pressure lamp of this kind which may be used in photochemical processes, for example.
  • a lamp generally comprises a burner in the form of an elongate transparent bulb, for example of quartz, through the sealed ends of which there pass electrodes which are often made of tungsten or molybdenum.
  • This burner is itself enclosed in a transparent envelope normally of toughened glass resistant to thermal shock.
  • the envelope is sometimes surrounded by a jacket, which is also transparent and through which a transparent coolant, generally water, is circulated.
  • the envelope usually contains a gas which may be air in fairly low-power lamps, but which, for lamps having powers in excess of around kW, may be an inert gas such as nitrogen, containing no water vapor.
  • An object of the present invention is to alleviate this problem, and one aspect of the invention provides a doped mercury vapor lamp comprising an elongate burner for operation with its length generally vertical, and a transparent envelope in which said burner is disposed, the lamp being adapted to operate with a first portion of the surface of said burner at a lower temperature than a second portion thereof which is disposed below said first portion.
  • a doped mercury vapor lamp comprising an elongate burner for operation with its length generally vertical, and a transparent envelope in which said burner is disposed, the lamp being adapted to operate with a greater dissipation of heat per unit height of the burner from a first portion of the surface of the burner than from a second portion thereof which is disposed below said first portion.
  • the dissipation of the heat in the upper portion of the burner can be promoted in a variety of ways, for example by using the following features either separately or in combination:
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 are schematic, longitudinal views partly in section of various doped mercury vapor lamps in accordance with the invention.
  • the mercury vapor lamp comprises a burner l constituted by an elongate quartz bulb containing doped mercury. The ends of the bulb are traversed by electrodes 2.
  • the burner is mounted in a sealed envelope 3 filled with a gas such as nitrogen.
  • the envelope 3 contains sealed leadthroughs for electrical leads 4 and 5 connected to the electrodes 2.
  • Perforated washers 5 of refractory material locate the ends of the burner and the sleeves of the-conductors in the envelope 3.
  • This envelope 3 is surrounded by a jacket 6 closed by an annular plug through which there passes a tube 7 supplying fluid, for example water, the tube 7 terminating at the bottom of the envelope, and an upper exit tube 8 for said fluid.
  • a tube 7 supplying fluid, for example water, the tube 7 terminating at the bottom of the envelope, and an upper exit tube 8 for said fluid.
  • the bulb which constitutes the burner 1 has a frusto-conical lateral surface which joins with substantially hemispherical ends.
  • the larger end of the frusto-conical part of the bulb is located at the top of the bulb when the lamp is in its normal operating position, which is that shown in FIG. 1 or a position close thereto.
  • the cross-section of the envelope 3 is constant and circular over the whole of the height occupied by the bumer.
  • the bulb forming the burner 1 has two cylindrical sections of difierent diameters, the top section la having a larger diameter than the bottom section 1b.
  • the enclosure 3 is again substantially cylindrical.
  • the lamp is similar to that of the preceding example but the height of the top section 1a is much less than that of the bottom section lb, of the burner.
  • the top section 1a has a height of around 15 cm and an external diameter of 46 mm, the bottom section 1b having an external diameter of only 33 mm, and satisfactory results are obtained with mercury vapor doped with thallium moni-iodide (ITI).
  • ITI thallium moni-iodide
  • the heat exchange area per unit height presented by the top section of the burner is larger than that offered by the bottom section. Since the envelope 3 is cylindrical, the thickness of the annular space surrounding the top section is smaller than that of the annular space surrounding the bottom section.
  • the mean thickness of the space surrounding the burner in the envelope 3 is thus smaller at the top end than at the bottom end and, consequently, the heat liberated by the burner is dissipated more rapidly from the top than it is from the bottom, even though the heat exchange area per unit height of the burner l is constant.
  • the burner 1 is again substantially cylindrical in form, but the bottom section 3a of the envelope, which is located opposite the bottom. half of the burner, has a larger diameter than the top section 3b which surrounds the upper part of the burner. In this fashion, a similar result is obtained to that obtained with the preceding example.
  • the lamp shown in FIG. 6 comprises a burner 1 and an envelope 3, both substantially cylindrical in form, and an auxiliary cooling arrangement consisting of an entry tube 9 and an exit tube 10 for a coolant gas, the entry tube 9 having annular jets 11 located around the top section of the burner, which project the gas on to the top section of the burner 1 but not directly on to the bottom section.
  • This feature can be used in conjunction with one or both of the two already mentioned, or for that matter with both of them.
  • the jacket 6 can be omitted from this lamp, even if it would be desirable in the absence of the auxiliary cooling arrangement.
  • a doped mercury vapor lamp comprising an elongate burner for operation with its length generally vertical, and a transparent envelope in which said burner is disposed, means for effecting the existence of a temperature differential within said burner between higher and lower portions thereof, the higher temperature being effected relative to said lower portion.
  • a lamp as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means is afforded by the shape of said envelope, said envelope being shaped to provide lower surface area in the region of said higher portion than in the region of said lower portion, whereby heat in said higher portion is dissipated at a greater rate than in the region of said lower portion.
  • a lamp as claimed in claim 2 wherein the surface of the burner in and between said higher and lower portions is of frusto-conical shape, the larger cross-sectional portions thereof being disposed above the smaller cross-sectional por tions in use, the said envelope being of uniform cylindrical shape.
  • a lamp as claimed in claim 7 wherein adjacent and between said higher and lower portions the shape of the internal surface of the envelope is frusto-conical and the larger cross-sectional portions thereof are located below the smaller cross-sectional portions in use, the said burner being of uniform cylindrical shape.
  • a lamp as claimed in claim 1 wherein said means comprises a scaven ing device for directing a fluid onto the higher portion of sai burner but not direct y on to said lower portion.

Landscapes

  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
US30413A 1969-04-28 1970-04-21 Mercury vapor lamp Expired - Lifetime US3665235A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR6913435A FR2041513A5 (de) 1969-04-28 1969-04-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3665235A true US3665235A (en) 1972-05-23

Family

ID=9033168

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US30413A Expired - Lifetime US3665235A (en) 1969-04-28 1970-04-21 Mercury vapor lamp

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3665235A (de)
BE (1) BE749227A (de)
CH (1) CH530090A (de)
CS (1) CS162721B2 (de)
DE (1) DE2020078A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2041513A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1294022A (de)
LU (1) LU60803A1 (de)
NL (1) NL7005331A (de)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2228618A1 (de) * 1973-05-11 1974-12-06 Mohndruck Reinhard Mohn Ohg
US3870919A (en) * 1973-06-28 1975-03-11 Gen Electric Discharge lamp having blow-molded arc tube ends
US3935491A (en) * 1973-09-24 1976-01-27 Compagnie Electro Mecanique Discharge lamp
US3939538A (en) * 1973-06-28 1976-02-24 General Electric Company Method of making discharge lamp having blow-molded arc tube ends
US4179616A (en) * 1978-02-21 1979-12-18 Thetford Corporation Apparatus for sanitizing liquids with ultra-violet radiation and ozone
FR2531579A1 (fr) * 1982-08-06 1984-02-10 Gen Electric Systeme de lampe pour pompage laser
US4733086A (en) * 1985-03-15 1988-03-22 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Thermal electron source
US4746832A (en) * 1985-12-31 1988-05-24 Gte Products Corporation Controlling the vapor pressure of a mercury lamp
US4891555A (en) * 1985-11-15 1990-01-02 General Electric Company Metal vapor discharge lamps
US4963783A (en) * 1988-12-19 1990-10-16 Gte Products Corporation Electroded photochemical lamps for photochemical mercury separation
US5334905A (en) * 1992-02-10 1994-08-02 Heraeus Instruments Gmbh Immersible lamp for a photochemical reactor
US5629245A (en) * 1986-09-09 1997-05-13 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Method for forming a multi-layer planarization structure
US6013338A (en) * 1986-09-09 2000-01-11 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. CVD apparatus
US6087764A (en) * 1996-12-12 2000-07-11 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Liquid-cooled discharge lamp
US20060171158A1 (en) * 2002-12-02 2006-08-03 Hendricx Josephus Christiaan M Vehicle headlamp
US8628670B2 (en) 2010-07-19 2014-01-14 Cascade Water Services Water treatment apparatus and process to reduce pipe scale and biomass
US8696915B2 (en) 2011-04-28 2014-04-15 Cascade Water Services Water treatment apparatus and process to reduce pipe scale and biomass using positive pressure ultraviolet oxygenation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2825018C2 (de) * 1978-06-05 1986-07-24 Georg 4902 Bad Salzuflen Horstmann Quecksilberdampf-Niederdrucklampe
HU191305B (en) * 1984-03-29 1987-02-27 Tungsram Rt,Hu High pressure sodium or metal halogen lamp for dc operation

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2228618A1 (de) * 1973-05-11 1974-12-06 Mohndruck Reinhard Mohn Ohg
US3870919A (en) * 1973-06-28 1975-03-11 Gen Electric Discharge lamp having blow-molded arc tube ends
US3939538A (en) * 1973-06-28 1976-02-24 General Electric Company Method of making discharge lamp having blow-molded arc tube ends
US3935491A (en) * 1973-09-24 1976-01-27 Compagnie Electro Mecanique Discharge lamp
US4179616A (en) * 1978-02-21 1979-12-18 Thetford Corporation Apparatus for sanitizing liquids with ultra-violet radiation and ozone
FR2531579A1 (fr) * 1982-08-06 1984-02-10 Gen Electric Systeme de lampe pour pompage laser
US4733086A (en) * 1985-03-15 1988-03-22 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Thermal electron source
US4891555A (en) * 1985-11-15 1990-01-02 General Electric Company Metal vapor discharge lamps
US4746832A (en) * 1985-12-31 1988-05-24 Gte Products Corporation Controlling the vapor pressure of a mercury lamp
US5629245A (en) * 1986-09-09 1997-05-13 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Method for forming a multi-layer planarization structure
US5855970A (en) * 1986-09-09 1999-01-05 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Method of forming a film on a substrate
US6013338A (en) * 1986-09-09 2000-01-11 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. CVD apparatus
US4963783A (en) * 1988-12-19 1990-10-16 Gte Products Corporation Electroded photochemical lamps for photochemical mercury separation
US5334905A (en) * 1992-02-10 1994-08-02 Heraeus Instruments Gmbh Immersible lamp for a photochemical reactor
US6087764A (en) * 1996-12-12 2000-07-11 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Liquid-cooled discharge lamp
US20060171158A1 (en) * 2002-12-02 2006-08-03 Hendricx Josephus Christiaan M Vehicle headlamp
US8628670B2 (en) 2010-07-19 2014-01-14 Cascade Water Services Water treatment apparatus and process to reduce pipe scale and biomass
US8696915B2 (en) 2011-04-28 2014-04-15 Cascade Water Services Water treatment apparatus and process to reduce pipe scale and biomass using positive pressure ultraviolet oxygenation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7005331A (de) 1970-10-30
CH530090A (fr) 1972-10-31
GB1294022A (en) 1972-10-25
FR2041513A5 (de) 1971-01-29
CS162721B2 (de) 1975-07-15
DE2020078A1 (de) 1970-11-26
LU60803A1 (de) 1970-06-29
BE749227A (fr) 1970-10-01

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