US3664356A - Pumping station sphere handling method and system - Google Patents

Pumping station sphere handling method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3664356A
US3664356A US59573A US3664356DA US3664356A US 3664356 A US3664356 A US 3664356A US 59573 A US59573 A US 59573A US 3664356D A US3664356D A US 3664356DA US 3664356 A US3664356 A US 3664356A
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United States
Prior art keywords
spheres
line
sphere
magazine
downstream portion
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Expired - Lifetime
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US59573A
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English (en)
Inventor
Marvin H Grove
Lyle R Van Arsdale
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M&J Valve Co
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M&J Valve Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L55/26—Pigs or moles, i.e. devices movable in a pipe or conduit with or without self-contained propulsion means
    • F16L55/46—Launching or retrieval of pigs or moles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L2101/00—Uses or applications of pigs or moles
    • F16L2101/40—Separating transported fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/0318—Processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/4891—With holder for solid, flaky or pulverized material to be dissolved or entrained

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A method and system applicable to pipeline systems for handling spheres at pumping stations.
  • the invention serves to launch spheres into the line at the downstream side of a pumping station in predetermined relation to an interface regionbetween different liquid products.
  • Spheres arriving at the pumping station are detected and diverted and stored in a magazine.
  • Previously diverted spheres in the magazine are launched successively into the downstream portion of the line in such a manner as to effectively divide different products.
  • the method makes use of sphere detecting means in the up stream portion of the line to detect the arrival of a group of spheres, and also means for detecting the interface region between different products.
  • Special timing means is provided for controlling the sequence with which the spheres are relaunched into the line, whereby the spacing between relaunched spheres corresponds to a particular volume.
  • a sphere When a sphere arrives at a pumping station it must be bypassed about the station, or it must be diverted from the line and the same or another sphere reintroduced into the downstream portion of the line. Assuming that the sphere is being used for the purpose of separating products of different gravities, it should be located and maintained at or near the interface region between the products. It has been observed that when such separating spheres have been propelled over considerable distances, there is a tendency for the sphere to lag behind the interface region, thus permitting some intermingling between the products.
  • station bypass means serves to divert and then reintroduce the sphere back into the main line in the same general position which it previously occupied with respect to the liquid products, then the lag referred to above is not compensated for but in fact becomes cumulative as the sphere moves past successive stations.
  • This invention relates generally to methods and systems applicable to pipelines making use of flow propelled spheres to separate liquid products. More particularly it relates to methods and systems of this character which employ several spheres to separate products.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method and system of the above character which will operate to effectively launch spheres in predetermined relation to an interface region, irrespective of any lag between the spheres and the interface region as received at the station.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method and system of the above character making use of novel timing means in such a manner that the spheres are rapidly and successively introduced into the downstream line portion with predetermined spacing.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method and a system of the above character which is capable of accurately launching spheres into the downstream portion of the line at a relatively rapid rate, and independent of the rate with which spheres are received.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating apparatus forming the present system, with electrical means to obtain automatic cycling.
  • FIG. 2 is a detail in section illustrating the sphere diverting tee indicated in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the various steps involved in a complete cycle of operation.
  • the system illustrated in FIG. 1 consists of the upstream line portion 10a located at the upstream side of a pumping station, and a downstream or outgoing line portion 10b.
  • the pumping station may consist of the pump 11 having suction and discharge lines 12, 13 provided with valves 14 and 15. Also lines 12 and 13 may be connected by check valve 16, which is normally closed by fluid pressure.
  • the upstream line portion 10a is shown including the spaced sphere detectors D1 and D2, and the sphere diverter 17. This diverter may be a simple flow tee having a side duct connected to the bypass line 18. When substantial flow occurs through line 18 in the direction indicated, spheres arriving at the flow tee l7 tend to be carried into the line 18.
  • Line 18 is provided, with a flow tee 19, which has a conduit 12a connected to the suction line 12 of the station pump 11.
  • a grid or bars 20 prevent spheres from entering conduit 12a and a wash line 26a may be provided to aid movement of spheres past the grid.
  • Flow tee 19 may be constructed as disclosed and claimed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,387,483.
  • the bypass line 18 also connects with the magazine tube 21, which serves to store spheres for launching.
  • the lower portion 21a of tube 21 communicates with the downstream portion 10b, as illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • Spheres within the tube portion 210, illustrated in dotted lines, are retained by the retractable launching pin 22. This pin is actuated by energizing the external power operator 23, and when energized the pin is briefly retracted to permit the nearest sphere to pass downwardly into the downstream portion of the line 10b.
  • Tube portion 21a is separated from portion 21b by the normally closed valve 26, which is shown provided with a power operator 27. Also a valve 28, shown provided with power operator 29, controls communication between the portion 21b of the tube and the bypass line 18.
  • the internal diameter of the magazine tube is substantially greater than the diameter of the spheres, whereby when spheres are deposited into the magazine they move downwardly by gravity.
  • shutoff valve 33 in the discharge line 13 from the pump 11. Also it is desirable to provide a block valve 34 in an intermediate portion 100 of the line, or in other words, that portion of the main line extending from the diverter 17 to the magazine tube 21.
  • suitable detecting means is provided which will detect an interface region between products of different gravities.
  • a detector is illustrated schematically at 36 and is located adjacent the lower end of the launching tube.
  • Known devices capable of continuously monitoring changes in specific gravity may make use of means for continuously diverting and reintroducing small quantities of liquid together with hydrometer means which indicates an increase or decrease in specific gravity.
  • timers T1 and T2 which respond to signals or demands from detector D1 and D2, and which perform operations as will be presently described. It is also desirable to provide electronic circuitry including controllers schematically indicated at C1 and C2, which receive and transmit demands as will be presently described. These controllers may comprise known types of electrical components, including amplifiers and the like.
  • valves 28 and 26 have been designated V1 and V2 respectively, the valve 32 as V3, and the valve 34 as V4.
  • a suitable sphere diverter 17 is shown in FIG. 2. It consists of spaced diverter bars 36 which are attached to shaft 37. When these bars are in the position shown in solid lines, a sphere is diverted from line a into the bypass line 18. When the bars are swung to the position shown in dotted lines, the spheres are permitted to pass through the line portion 100 and cannot enter the bypass pipeline 18. When the station is in normal operation the bars 36 are in the position shown in solid lines.
  • the shaft 37 may be provided with hydraulic or other type of power operator to permit remote operation.
  • the sphere detectors D1 and D2 are located a predetermined distance apart, as for example a distance which provides a volume between sphere centers of ten barrels.
  • Timers T1 and T2 are constructed to provide an upcount, and when initiated by a command a downcount at a relatively slower speed, as for example at a rate one fourth the upcount.
  • the complete upcount requires N seconds
  • the complete downcount may require four times N seconds.
  • the sphere after passing detector D2 is caused to pass through the line 18, and to the entrance end of the magazine tube 21.
  • valve V1 is open and the sphere is delivered into the upper portion 21b of the magazine.
  • the gravity of the products is being continuously monitored by the gravity detecting device 36, and this device detects arrival of an interface region. It may be explained that the interface region generally reaches the monitoring device 36 before the first received sphere reaches the magazine tube 21.
  • the controller C1 In response to a command 44 from the device 36 the controller C1 energizes operator 23 to momentarily retract pin 22, and also momentarily opens valve V3, thus causing the lowemiost sphere to be propelled into the downstream portion 10b of the main line.
  • the command issued by the controller C1 also issues command 46 to timer T1 to start a countdown.
  • the rate of the countdown is substantially less than the countup and may be set according to the spacing desired between the launching of the first and second spheres.
  • the countdown would be at a rate one fourth the rate of countup.
  • timer Tl When timer Tl reaches zero it issues a command 47 to the controller C1, whereby pin 22 is retracted and valve V3 momentarily opened to launch a second sphere into the line. Also T1 issues command 48 to T2 to start a second countdown. This countdown can be at the same rate as the countdown for timer T1 assuming that the spacing between the second and third sphere is to be the same as the spacing between the first and second.
  • timer T2 has returned to zero at the end of its countdown, it issues command 49 to the controller C1 whereby this controller again momentarily opens the valve V3 and retracts pin 22 to launch the third sphere.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the sequence of operations described above.
  • the sequence of operations of the various components is shown by the vertical lines, while operating steps are shown in the left hand column.
  • the present invention provides a method and system which will effectively bypass pumping stations of pipelines with relaunching of spheres in such a manner as to promote optimum separation between liquid products. Because of the magazine storage feature the method and system is capable of relaunching spheres at a relatively rapid rate, that is, independent of the rate with which the spheres are received. The relaunching of the spheres into the line is controlled by the hydrometer monitoring, thus making it possible to correct any lag between the interface region and the spheres as received at the station.
  • valve V4 in the suction line 12 whereby when valve V4 is opened, valves 33 and 52 can be closed to isolate the pump.
  • controller 53 which is responsive to a circuit 54 adapted to sense an electrical power failure, issues command 55 to the power operator of V4 to open the same.
  • Means such as a limiting switch on V4 sends command 56 to both the operators of valves 33 and 52 to close the same, thus isolating the pump from the line.
  • the method and system described above can be modified in certain respects.
  • the number of spheres launched in one overall cycle can be varied, or in some instances where multiple sphere separation is not desired, a single sphere can be launched.
  • the launching of spheres, involving operation of pin 22 and valve V3 may be carried out manually or by manual supervision. Even with full automatic operation it is desirable to provide for monitoring, with suitable indicating means at a monitoring station whereby all operations are made known to a supervisor. This can be associated with suitable means whereby the supervisor may at any time intervene and override various operations as desired.
  • a method of handling product separating spheres being fiow propelled along a main pipeline which conducts a plurality of products of different specific gravities separated at one or more interface regions the method making use of a magazine for retaining and storing a plurality of spheres in readiness to be released into the downstream portion of the line, the steps of detecting the arrival of an interface region between two liquid products at a point near the station, releasing a sphere from the magazine, to launch the same into the downstream portion of the line in accordance with such detection whereby the sphere is launched into said interface region, and diverting spheres from the upstream portion of the line and supplying the same to the magazine.
  • a method of handling product separating spheres being flow propelled along a main pipeline which conducts a plurality of products of different specific gravities separated at one or more interface regions the method making use of means inserted in an upstream portion of the line to divert incoming spheres into a station pump bypass line and a magazine for retaining and storing a plurality of spheres in readiness to be released into the downstream portion of the line, the steps of diverting a sphere from the main line into a bypass line, delivering such diverted sphere into the storage magazine, detecting the arrival of an interface region at a point near the station pump, releasing a sphere from the magazine into the downstream portion of the line in response to such detection whereby it is launched into said interface region, and then releasing a second sphere from the magazine into the downstream portion in predetermined spaced relationship with the first released sphere.
  • a method as in claim 3 in which a third sphere is released from the magazine after release of the second sphere, the third sphere being released and introduced into the downstream portion of the line in predetermined relationship to the first and second released spheres.
  • a method as in claim 3 in which diverted spheres are stored in the magazine and spheres diverted in a preceding cycle of operation released into the downstream portion of the line.
  • a method as in claim 5 in which the time required for the arrival of the first one of two successive spheres at spaced points along the upstream portion of the line is noted and the spacing between the released spheres is determined by reference to such timing.
  • a system for the handling of product separating spheres at a pumping station where the station is connected to receive liquid from an upstream line portion and to deliver liquid into the downstream portion of the line, a storage magazine adapted to store a plurality of spheres, means for releasing spheres from the storage means and for introducing the same into the downstream portion of the line, means for diverting spheres arriving at the pumping station from the upstream portion of the line, and means for introducing such spheres into the magazine.
  • a system for the handling of product separating spheres at a pumping station where the station is connected to receive liquid from an upstream line portion and to deliver liquid into the downstream portion of the line, a storage magazine adapted to store a plurality of spheres, means for releasing spheres from the storage means and for introducing the same into the downstream portion of the line, and means responsive to the arrival of an interface region between liquid products at a point near the pumping station for controlling the release of spheres from the magazine.
  • a system for the handling of product separating spheres at a pumping station where the station is connected to receive liquid from an upstream line portion and to deliver liquid into the downstream portion of the line, the system including storage means for storing spheres diverted from the line, means for diverting incoming spheres from the upstream portion of the line and for delivering the same into the storage means, and means for successively releasing spheres from the storage means and for introducing the same into the downstream portion of the line, the storage means comprising two first and second spaces serving to store two separate first and second groups of spheres, the first group representing spheres previously diverted from the line and the second group representing spheres immediately diverted from the line, and a valve when closed serving to separate said spaces and said groups of spheres and when open permitting the first group of spheres to progress into the second space of the storage means for introduction into the downstream portion of the line.
  • a system for the handling of product separating spheres at a pumping station where the station is connected to receive liquid from an upstream line portion and to deliver liquid into the downstream portion of the line
  • the system including storage means for storing spheres diverted from the line, means for diverting incoming spheres from the upstream portion of the line and for delivering the same into the storage means, and means for successively releasing spheres from the storage means and for introducing the same into the downstream portion of the line
  • the storage means comprising an upright magazine tube, the lower end of the tube being in communication with the downstream portion of the line, an additional valve at the upper end of the tube adapted to be opened to permit introduction of spheres, said first named valve being disposed intermediate the ends of the tube to divide the tube into upper and lower first and second spaces, and a retractable sphere retaining pin at the lower end of the magazine tube.
  • a system as in claim 10 in which a liquidsupply pipe is in communication with the magazine tube at a point intermediate the two lowermost spheres in the same, said pipe serving as means for introducing liquid to urge the lowermost sphere downwardly into the downstream line portion when the retaining pin is retracted.
  • a system for handling product separating spheres being flow propelled along a pipeline used for conducting a plurality of liquid products of different specific gravities separated at one or more interface regions the system being applicable to pipelines at pumping stations where the station has suction and discharge connections to upstream and downstream portions of the line, the system comprising two sphere detectors on the upstream portion of the line, the detectors being spaced apart a predetermined distance representing a predetermined volume, two timing devices responsive to demands from said sphere detectors, each device providing an upcount and a downcount after the upcount is terminated, a sphere storage magazine consisting of a magazine tube having its lower end communicating with the downstream portion of the line,'said tube having its upper portion adapted to receive spheres diverted from the line and having its lower portion adapted to store spheres previously diverted from the line, means for releasing spheres successively from the lower portion of the tube into the downstream portion of the line, means downstream from the pumping station but upstream from the point of communication of the magazine tube with the downstream portion of the

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Pinball Game Machines (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
US59573A 1970-07-30 1970-07-30 Pumping station sphere handling method and system Expired - Lifetime US3664356A (en)

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CA (1) CA940412A (cs)
DE (1) DE2138140A1 (cs)
FR (1) FR2103813A5 (cs)
GB (1) GB1324000A (cs)
NL (1) NL7110475A (cs)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3983895A (en) * 1975-04-17 1976-10-05 Marathon Oil Company Pump station bypass system
US4135949A (en) * 1976-05-18 1979-01-23 Phillips Petroleum Company Safety interlock for pipeline pig launcher and receiver
US4160652A (en) * 1977-08-26 1979-07-10 Texas Eastern Engineering, Ltd. Method and apparatus for handling the fluids in a two-phase flow pipeline system
US4736482A (en) * 1986-07-16 1988-04-12 Taylor Forge Engineered Systems, Inc. Pipeline pig bypassing assembly
US20070142443A1 (en) * 2003-09-18 2007-06-21 Kazuhiko Matsumura Asymmetric reductive amination of keto acid derivatives for producing amino acid derivatives
WO2007119040A3 (en) * 2006-04-18 2007-12-13 Riverside Projects Ltd Apparatus and method for a hydrocarbon production facility
US20110150711A1 (en) * 2004-11-02 2011-06-23 Crown Brands Limited Loop Reactor for Emulsion Polymerisation
US20150000893A1 (en) * 2011-05-05 2015-01-01 Oil States Energy Services, L.L.C. Controlled aperture ball drop
US9739111B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2017-08-22 Oil States Energy Services, L.L.C. Controlled aperture ball drop

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19632344A1 (de) * 1996-08-10 1998-02-12 Mann & Hummel Filter Molchsystem

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2953157A (en) * 1957-10-14 1960-09-20 Shell Oil Co Apparatus for controlling the pumping of fluids in a pipeline
US2965114A (en) * 1957-10-14 1960-12-20 Shell Oil Co Method and apparatus for controlling the pumping of fluids in a pipeline
US2965125A (en) * 1958-10-29 1960-12-20 Shell Oil Co Apparatus for controlling the pumping of fluids in a pipeline

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2953157A (en) * 1957-10-14 1960-09-20 Shell Oil Co Apparatus for controlling the pumping of fluids in a pipeline
US2965114A (en) * 1957-10-14 1960-12-20 Shell Oil Co Method and apparatus for controlling the pumping of fluids in a pipeline
US2965125A (en) * 1958-10-29 1960-12-20 Shell Oil Co Apparatus for controlling the pumping of fluids in a pipeline

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3983895A (en) * 1975-04-17 1976-10-05 Marathon Oil Company Pump station bypass system
US4135949A (en) * 1976-05-18 1979-01-23 Phillips Petroleum Company Safety interlock for pipeline pig launcher and receiver
US4160652A (en) * 1977-08-26 1979-07-10 Texas Eastern Engineering, Ltd. Method and apparatus for handling the fluids in a two-phase flow pipeline system
US4736482A (en) * 1986-07-16 1988-04-12 Taylor Forge Engineered Systems, Inc. Pipeline pig bypassing assembly
US20070142443A1 (en) * 2003-09-18 2007-06-21 Kazuhiko Matsumura Asymmetric reductive amination of keto acid derivatives for producing amino acid derivatives
US20110150711A1 (en) * 2004-11-02 2011-06-23 Crown Brands Limited Loop Reactor for Emulsion Polymerisation
WO2007119040A3 (en) * 2006-04-18 2007-12-13 Riverside Projects Ltd Apparatus and method for a hydrocarbon production facility
US20090223672A1 (en) * 2006-04-18 2009-09-10 Upstream Designs Limited Apparatus and method for a hydrocarbon production facility
US20150000893A1 (en) * 2011-05-05 2015-01-01 Oil States Energy Services, L.L.C. Controlled aperture ball drop
US9739111B2 (en) 2011-05-05 2017-08-22 Oil States Energy Services, L.L.C. Controlled aperture ball drop
US9869151B2 (en) * 2011-05-05 2018-01-16 Oil States Energy Services, L.L.C. Controlled aperture ball drop

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NL7110475A (cs) 1972-02-01
DE2138140A1 (de) 1972-02-03
CA940412A (en) 1974-01-22
FR2103813A5 (cs) 1972-04-14
GB1324000A (en) 1973-07-18

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