US3664008A - Method of producing elongated highly densified powdered metal articles - Google Patents

Method of producing elongated highly densified powdered metal articles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3664008A
US3664008A US832576A US3664008DA US3664008A US 3664008 A US3664008 A US 3664008A US 832576 A US832576 A US 832576A US 3664008D A US3664008D A US 3664008DA US 3664008 A US3664008 A US 3664008A
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United States
Prior art keywords
container
powdered metal
elongated
powder
rounded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US832576A
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English (en)
Inventor
John Haller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ALLEGHENY INTERNATIONAL ACCEPTANCE Corp
Federal Mogul LLC
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Federal Mogul LLC
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Assigned to AL-INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS, INC. reassignment AL-INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS, INC. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SPECIAL METALS CORPORATION A DE CORP
Assigned to ALLEGHENY INTERNATIONAL ACCEPTANCE CORPORATION reassignment ALLEGHENY INTERNATIONAL ACCEPTANCE CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: AL- INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS INC.
Assigned to HELLER FINANCIAL, INC. reassignment HELLER FINANCIAL, INC. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SPECIAL METALS CORPORATION
Assigned to SPECIAL METALS CORPORATION reassignment SPECIAL METALS CORPORATION RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: AL-INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS, INC., A CORP. OF PA, ALLEGHENY INTERNATIONAL, INC., A CORP. OF PA
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to SPECIAL METALS CORPORATION reassignment SPECIAL METALS CORPORATION RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: HELLER FINANCIAL, INC.
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/1208—Containers or coating used therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4981—Utilizing transitory attached element or associated separate material

Definitions

  • the powder-filled evacuated can is then heated to a high temperature of approximately 2,100 F. for about 1 hour, then compressed in the die cavity of a press having a recess in one of its plungers for the stem, and with at least one of its plungers having an end of reduced diameter to provide a clearance space into which the peripheral portion of the can flows as compression proceeds.
  • the density reaches 100 percent, the peripheral portion of the can and the surplus metal powder therein continue to move axially into the clearance space around the plunger or plungers, producing an axially projecting lip extending around the periphery of the can and containing metal powder at a somewhat lower density than in the remainder of the can.
  • the walls of the can are then removed by machining or pickling, together with the less dense peripheral portion of the now substantially solidified elongated metal billet thus produced.
  • My previous method mentioned above produces disc-shaped or pancakeshaped billets or bodies which, while possessing better and more uniform metallurgical characteristics substantially free from impurities, are of inconvenient shapes for producing elongated workpieces without a considerable waste of such metal.
  • the method of the present invention enables the production of elongated billets which facilitate the production of elongated workpieces without serious waste of such metal.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section through an elongated powderfilled, evacuated and sealed container in the die cavity of a press, ready for compression;
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-section taken along the line 2-2 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a horizontal cross-section taken along the line 3-3 in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical section similar to FIG. 1, but after the powder-filled evacuated can has been compressed.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the densified metal billet produced by this method.
  • FIG. 1 shows a powderfilled evacuated sealed container assembly, generally designated 10, as consisting of an elongated metal container 12 which has been filled with a charge 14 of metal powder which is to be compacted to an extremely high density approaching or equallying solidity or 100 percent density.
  • the powder charge 14 has previously been inserted in the interior chamber 16 through a tubular filling and evacuating stem 18, the tip 20 of which has then been pinched and sealed as by welding, in order to maintain the high vacuum in the chamber 16.
  • the container 12 is of heat-resisting material, preferably of ordinary steel or stainless steel and has approximately cylindrical upper and lower walls 22 and 24 respectively, shown inverted in the drawing from the upright position occupied during filling and evacuating thereof.
  • the container 12 has flat parallel opposite side walls 26 (FIGS. 2 and 3) and toroidal opposite end walls 28 (FIGS. 1 and 3).
  • the die set within which the container assembly 10 is to be compressed, consists of a die 32 containing a die cavity 34 of elongated cross-section (FIG. 3) having flat parallel opposite side surfaces 36 joined to one another by substantially cylindrical end surfaces 38.
  • a die cavity 34 of elongated cross-section (FIG. 3) having flat parallel opposite side surfaces 36 joined to one another by substantially cylindrical end surfaces 38.
  • Entering into the upper and lower ends of the die cavity or die bore 34 are an upper punch 40 and a lower punch 42 having corresponding cross-sections.
  • the punches 40 and 42 are of similar configuration and each has a nose portion 44 of reduced size but of similar cross-section to the shank 46 of each plunger 40 and 42 so as to leave a clearance space 48 extending around the nose portion 44 between it and the die bore 34. From FIG.
  • the die bore 34 is slightly larger in cross-section than the cross-sectional size of the can 12 so as to also leave a clearance space 50 therebetween.
  • the lower punch 42 has a socket 52 extending downward from the top surface 54 of the nose portion 44 thereof (FIGS. 1 and 2) for receiving the sealed filling stem 18.
  • the die 32 is preferably yieldingly supported on the bed or bolster (not shown) of a conventional hydraulic or mechanical press (also not shown) as by a conventional die cushion 56 consisting either of compression springs 58 or of a conventional hydraulic die cushion (not shown).
  • a conventional die cushion 56 consisting either of compression springs 58 or of a conventional hydraulic die cushion (not shown).
  • Such die cushions are well known in the press art and their details are beyond the scope of the present invention.
  • the lower punch 42 is preferably connected to a lower press plunger (not shown) which is stationary during pressing but which is movable in order to eject the finished workpiece, as is well known in the press art.
  • the upper punch 40 is preferably connected to the vertically movable platen (not shown) of the conventional press mentioned above.
  • the container 12 is first prepared in the shape shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 as described above, and is then completely filled with the charge 14 of powdered metal, which may be of the super-alloy type containing cobalt or nickel for retaining high tensile strength at a high temperature as well as for resisting deformation and corrosion. Filling is accomplished with the container 12 in an upright position with the filling and evacuating stem 18 uppermost. After the chamber 16 has been completely filled with powdered metal through the stem 18, the latter is connected to a high vacuum pump (not shown), and the chamber 16 evacuated as completely as is commercially possible in order to prevent subsequent oxidation of the particles of metal powder in the charge 14 thereof at the high temperature to which the latter is subjected. While the chamber 16 is still being maintained in a highly evacuated state, the stem 18 is sealed off, as by pinching and welding, so as to produce the sealed pinched air-tight tip 20.
  • powdered metal which may be of the super-alloy type containing cobalt or nickel for retaining
  • the evacuated sealed container filled with the metal powder charge 14 is then placed in a suitable furnace and heated at a temperature of approximately 2,100" F. for approximately 1 hour and then inverted and immediately transferred to the die cavity 34 with the stem 18 projecting downward into the recess 52.
  • the parts are now in the positions shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 inclusive.
  • the upper punch 40 is now caused to descend into the die cavity 34, while the lower punch 42 is held stationary, thereby compressing the powder-filled evacuated sealed container assembly 10 (FIG. 4).
  • the container 12 is deformed into the shape shown in FIG. 4, and densification of the powdered metal charge 14 progressively increases as the powdered metal particles are forced into closer and closer engagement until fusion thereof occurs as a result of the combined action of the initial high temperature and the added heat resulting from the energy produced by the compressive force being exerted.
  • the charge 14 becomes denser at its central portion than at its periphery where the clearances 48 occur in the lower and upper punches 42 and 40. As a result, when the density of the charge 14 approaches percent to form a completely solid central portion 60 (FIG. 4) it can be compressed no further.
  • peripheral portion 62 of the container 12 deforms as it moves into the clearance spaces 48 around the reduced size nose portion 44 of the upper and lower punches 40 so as to form a pair of oppositely extending lips or hollow flanges 64 while the excess powdered metal 66 is extruded into the channel 68 in each lip and is of lower density than the remaining portion 60 of the now substantially solidified charge of powdered metal resulting from the compression of the original charge 14.
  • the operation of the press (not shown is now reversed to raise its platen (not shown) and the upper punch 40 out of the die cavity 34, whereupon the lower punch 42 is caused to move upward to the top of the die cavity 34, thereby ejecting the now compressed solidified metal-filled container assembly, generally designated 70, from the die cavity 34.
  • the container 12 is now separated and removed from the solidified metal charge 60 by machining, pickling of other suitable means, also removing the less dense opposite end portions and peripheral portions 66 within the lips 64.
  • the result is an elongated billet 72 having a rectangular mid-portion 74 from which the rounded opposite ends 76 have been cut off (FIG. 5) but otherwise corresponding in cross-section to the crosssection 5 of the die cavity 34 (FIG. 3).
  • the sheet metal forming its walls can be peeled off the solidified or compacted metal billet 72 after the compacting procedure has been carried out, thereby effecting removal thereof more rapidly in a simpler and less expensive manner than by machining it off or removing it by pickling.
  • the temperature of 2,100 F. and the time of 1 hour will vary with the size of the billet to be produced.
  • the range of temperatures from 2,000 to 2,200 F. has been found satisfactory for the range of sizes ordinarily produced whereas the stated period of one hour is necessarily increased as the size and weight of the billet 72 to be produced are also increased.
  • a method of making a substantially solid elongated body from powdered metal comprising encasing the powdered metal in an elongated metal container having rounded opposite ends,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
US832576A 1969-06-12 1969-06-12 Method of producing elongated highly densified powdered metal articles Expired - Lifetime US3664008A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US83257669A 1969-06-12 1969-06-12

Publications (1)

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US3664008A true US3664008A (en) 1972-05-23

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US832576A Expired - Lifetime US3664008A (en) 1969-06-12 1969-06-12 Method of producing elongated highly densified powdered metal articles

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3664008A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2029116C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2051102A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1290927A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE415075B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3866303A (en) * 1973-06-27 1975-02-18 Bethlehem Steel Corp Method of making cross-rolled powder metal discs
US4575450A (en) * 1983-07-21 1986-03-11 Pechiney Process for obtaining extruded semifinished products from high resistance aluminum alloy powder
US5480601A (en) * 1986-06-17 1996-01-02 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method for producing an elongated sintered article
RU2252838C2 (ru) * 2003-07-01 2005-05-27 Научно-исследовательское учреждение Институт физики прочности и материаловедения (НИУ ИФПМ СО РАН) Способ горячего прессования порошков тугоплавких металлов

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3343210C1 (de) * 1983-11-30 1985-01-10 Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5000 Köln Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung verdichteter Formkoerper
JPS6199605A (ja) * 1984-10-18 1986-05-17 Hitachi Zosen Corp 熱間静水圧圧縮焼成法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2123416A (en) * 1938-07-12 graham
US3075244A (en) * 1959-07-23 1963-01-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Manufacture of articles from powdered materials
US3269826A (en) * 1963-10-08 1966-08-30 Du Pont Compaction of finely divided metals
US3496036A (en) * 1967-05-25 1970-02-17 Penn Nuclear Corp Process of making titanium alloy articles

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2123416A (en) * 1938-07-12 graham
US3075244A (en) * 1959-07-23 1963-01-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Manufacture of articles from powdered materials
US3269826A (en) * 1963-10-08 1966-08-30 Du Pont Compaction of finely divided metals
US3496036A (en) * 1967-05-25 1970-02-17 Penn Nuclear Corp Process of making titanium alloy articles

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3866303A (en) * 1973-06-27 1975-02-18 Bethlehem Steel Corp Method of making cross-rolled powder metal discs
US4575450A (en) * 1983-07-21 1986-03-11 Pechiney Process for obtaining extruded semifinished products from high resistance aluminum alloy powder
US5480601A (en) * 1986-06-17 1996-01-02 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method for producing an elongated sintered article
RU2252838C2 (ru) * 2003-07-01 2005-05-27 Научно-исследовательское учреждение Институт физики прочности и материаловедения (НИУ ИФПМ СО РАН) Способ горячего прессования порошков тугоплавких металлов

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2029116C3 (de) 1980-07-24
FR2051102A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-02
SE415075B (sv) 1980-09-08
DE2029116B2 (de) 1979-11-08
DE2029116A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-12-23
GB1290927A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-27

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Owner name: AL-INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS, INC. 2700 TWO OLIVER PLAZA

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:SPECIAL METALS CORPORATION A DE CORP;REEL/FRAME:004212/0061

Effective date: 19831229

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Owner name: ALLEGHENY INTERNATIONAL ACCEPTANCE CORPORATION

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Effective date: 19870827

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Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNORS:AL-INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS, INC., A CORP. OF PA;ALLEGHENY INTERNATIONAL, INC., A CORP. OF PA;REEL/FRAME:004846/0078

Effective date: 19870827

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Effective date: 19870827

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Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:HELLER FINANCIAL, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005463/0096

Effective date: 19900831