US3663933A - Protective band for bilaminar transducer with slotted spacer ring - Google Patents
Protective band for bilaminar transducer with slotted spacer ring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3663933A US3663933A US52038A US3663933DA US3663933A US 3663933 A US3663933 A US 3663933A US 52038 A US52038 A US 52038A US 3663933D A US3663933D A US 3663933DA US 3663933 A US3663933 A US 3663933A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tape
- transducer
- spacer ring
- filling
- bilaminar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000088 plastic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
- B06B1/0611—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements in a pile
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
- B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
- B06B1/0662—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface
- B06B1/0677—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element with an electrode on the sensitive surface and a high impedance backing
Definitions
- ABSTRACT An improvement in bilaminar sonar transducers which employ slotted, compliant, outer spacer rings, the improvement comprising filling the slots with a plastic resin, such as epoxy resin, having a low modulus of elasticity as compared with that of the spacer ring, and banding the spacer ring with a wrapping of fiberglass tape which is impregnated with epoxy resin and cured,
- a plastic resin such as epoxy resin
- This invention relates to bilaminar sonar transducers and especially to a protective band for the compliant spacing ring of a bilaminar transducer.
- Slots in the spacing ring of a bilaminar transducer are designed to provide a high radial compliance to the transducer assembly, high compliance being a necessary condition for a maximum coefficient of electromechanical coupling, minimum mechanical stress, maximum radiation resistance and maximum output power capability. These slots, however, leave thin sections of metal in the spacer ring and the thin sections of metal are subject to failure, even under low hydrostatic pressure.
- an object of this invention is to provide the compliant spacer with protection against failure due to hydrostatic pressure while substantially maintaining the high compliance of the spacer.
- FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the crystal backing assembly for a bilaminar sonar transducer
- FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a bilaminar sonar transducer
- FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a bilaminar sonar transducer after the spacer ring has been wrapped with fiberglass tape;
- FIG. 4 is a partially sectioned side view of a crystal backing assembly
- FIG. 5 is a partially sectioned side view of an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows the crystal backing assembly of the typical bilaminar sonar disc transducer.
- This component consists of an upper and a lower metallic disc 10 and II separated by a spacer ring 12 around the circumference of the discs which are positioned in parallel, i.e., one above the other.
- the material from which the discs and spacer ring are fabricated may be stainless steel, for example.
- the discs are welded to the spacer ring, the welds 24 being shown in FIG. 4.
- the spacer ring 12 has slots 14 therein at spaced intervals and thicker segments 22 between the slots.
- the welding provides a zero bending moment at the edges of the metal discs 17 affixed to the outer surfaces of the upper and lower metallic (IISCS 10 and 11 of the crystal backing assembly (see, also,
- FIG. 5 The figure. 5).
- each ceramic disc are coated with a thin metallic coating which comprises an electrode.
- the outer-surface electrodes are electrically interconnected by wire 19 and the inner surface electrodes are electrically interconnected by wire 21, and lead wires 18 and 18 are brough out as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5.
- the spacer ring 12 is banded by wrapping one or more layers of plastic-impreganted tape around it.
- This band 20 may consist of fiber glass tape impregnated with a plastic resin such as that used to fill the slots 14.
- the resin may, for example, be the product of the Shell Chemical Corporation designated Epon 815.
- Epon 815 The fiber glass filaments span the filled slots and provide the extra strength needed to protect the unit against hydrostatic pressure.
- the density of the fiber glass tape and resin is still low enough that the radial compliance of the impregnated tape is at least an order of magnitude below that of the metal spacer ring.
- the resin is cured by the proper heat treatment for the particular type of resin which is used.
- a bilaminar sonar disc transducer having a crystal backing assembly comprising a pair of metallic discs separated by a slotted metallic peripheral spacer ring, the improvement comprising:
- a filling for said slots from a material having a low modulus of elasticity compared to that of said slotted, metallic spacer ring;
- a protective band wrapped around the outside of said spacer ring comprising at least one layer of tape impregnated with a plastic resin, the density of said tape and resin being sufficiently low that the radial compliance of the combination is at least an order of magnitude below that of said slotted spacer ring.
- a transducer as in claim I in which said tape is fiber glass tape, and said filling and tape-impregnating material are epoxy resin.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
An improvement in bilaminar sonar transducers which employ slotted, compliant, outer spacer rings, the improvement comprising filling the slots with a plastic resin, such as epoxy resin, having a low modulus of elasticity as compared with that of the spacer ring, and banding the spacer ring with a wrapping of fiberglass tape which is impregnated with epoxy resin and cured.
Description
United Sttes Patent Madison [is] 3,663,933 [4 1 May 16, 1972 [54] PROTECTIVE BAND FOR BILANHNAR TRANSDUCER WITH SLOTTED SPACER RING [72] Inventor: Theodore C. Madison, Santa Barbara,
Calif.
[73] Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy 22 Filed: July 2,1970
21 Appl.No.: 52,038
[52] US. Cl ..340/8, 310/82, 340/10 [51] Int. Cl. ..G0lv 1/16 [58] Field of Search ..340/8 R, 8 C, 8 MM, 8 L, 8 D,
340/8 PC, 8 FT, 8 S, 10; 310/82, 8.4, 8.7, 9.1, 9.4
[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,054,084 9/1962 Parssinen et a1. ..340/8 R Rathbun, Jr ..340/8 R 3,249,912 5/1966 Straube 340/10 3,496,617 2/1970 Cook et al. ..340/1O 3,546,497 1 H1968 Craster et a1. ..340/l0 Primary Examiner-Benjamin A. Borchelt Assistant Examiner-H. J. Tudor AttorneyRichard S. Sciascia and Louis B. Applebaum [5 7] ABSTRACT An improvement in bilaminar sonar transducers which employ slotted, compliant, outer spacer rings, the improvement comprising filling the slots with a plastic resin, such as epoxy resin, having a low modulus of elasticity as compared with that of the spacer ring, and banding the spacer ring with a wrapping of fiberglass tape which is impregnated with epoxy resin and cured,
5 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures Patented 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. 72/500046 6. MAW/50M Paiented 13, 1372 3,333,333
2 SheetsSlu-m& r.
INVENTOR. $350002: 6, Maw/5m BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to bilaminar sonar transducers and especially to a protective band for the compliant spacing ring of a bilaminar transducer.
Slots in the spacing ring of a bilaminar transducer are designed to provide a high radial compliance to the transducer assembly, high compliance being a necessary condition for a maximum coefficient of electromechanical coupling, minimum mechanical stress, maximum radiation resistance and maximum output power capability. These slots, however, leave thin sections of metal in the spacer ring and the thin sections of metal are subject to failure, even under low hydrostatic pressure.
STATEMENT OF OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of this invention is to provide the compliant spacer with protection against failure due to hydrostatic pressure while substantially maintaining the high compliance of the spacer.
This and other objects and advantages result from filling the slots in the spacer ring with a low-modulus resin and banding the spacer ring with one or more layers of tape consolidated with a resin, the overall compliance of the filling and wrapping structure being high enough not to significantly affect the performance of the flexural disc assembly but having sufficient stiffness and strength to prevent failure of the slots due to hydrostatic pressure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other objects, advantages and novel features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the invention when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of the crystal backing assembly for a bilaminar sonar transducer;
FIG. 2 is an isometric view of a bilaminar sonar transducer;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a bilaminar sonar transducer after the spacer ring has been wrapped with fiberglass tape;
FIG. 4 is a partially sectioned side view of a crystal backing assembly; and
FIG. 5 is a partially sectioned side view of an embodiment of the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT FIG. 1 shows the crystal backing assembly of the typical bilaminar sonar disc transducer. This component consists of an upper and a lower metallic disc 10 and II separated by a spacer ring 12 around the circumference of the discs which are positioned in parallel, i.e., one above the other. The material from which the discs and spacer ring are fabricated may be stainless steel, for example. The discs are welded to the spacer ring, the welds 24 being shown in FIG. 4.
The spacer ring 12 has slots 14 therein at spaced intervals and thicker segments 22 between the slots. The welding provides a zero bending moment at the edges of the metal discs 17 affixed to the outer surfaces of the upper and lower metallic ( IISCS 10 and 11 of the crystal backing assembly (see, also,
FIG. 5).
The upper and lower surfaces of each ceramic disc are coated with a thin metallic coating which comprises an electrode. The outer-surface electrodes are electrically interconnected by wire 19 and the inner surface electrodes are electrically interconnected by wire 21, and lead wires 18 and 18 are brough out as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5.
Since filling the slots 14 is not sufficient in itself to completely protect the transducer against external pressure, the spacer ring 12 is banded by wrapping one or more layers of plastic-impreganted tape around it. This band 20 may consist of fiber glass tape impregnated with a plastic resin such as that used to fill the slots 14. The resin may, for example, be the product of the Shell Chemical Corporation designated Epon 815. The fiber glass filaments span the filled slots and provide the extra strength needed to protect the unit against hydrostatic pressure. The density of the fiber glass tape and resin is still low enough that the radial compliance of the impregnated tape is at least an order of magnitude below that of the metal spacer ring.
The resin is cured by the proper heat treatment for the particular type of resin which is used.
Obviously many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible in the light of the above teachings. It is therefore to be understood that within the scope of the appended claims the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
I claim:
I. In a bilaminar sonar disc transducer having a crystal backing assembly comprising a pair of metallic discs separated by a slotted metallic peripheral spacer ring, the improvement comprising:
a filling for said slots from a material having a low modulus of elasticity compared to that of said slotted, metallic spacer ring; and
a protective band wrapped around the outside of said spacer ring, said band comprising at least one layer of tape impregnated with a plastic resin, the density of said tape and resin being sufficiently low that the radial compliance of the combination is at least an order of magnitude below that of said slotted spacer ring.
2. A transducer as in claim 1, in which said tape is fiber glass tape.
3. A transducer as in claim 1, in which said filling and said tape-impregnating materials are epoxy resins.
4. A transducer as in claim 1, in which said tape is fiber glass tape, and said filling and tape-impregnating materials are plastic resin.
5. A transducer as in claim I, in which said tape is fiber glass tape, and said filling and tape-impregnating material are epoxy resin.
Claims (5)
1. In a bilaminar sonar disc transducer having a crystal backing assembly comprising a pair of metallic discs separated by a slotted metallic peripheral spacer ring, the improvement comprising: a filling for said slots from a material having a low modulus of elasticity compared to that of said slotted, metallic spacer ring; and a protective band wrapped around the outside of said spacer ring, said band comprising at least one layer of tape impregnated with a plastic resin, the density of said tape and resin being sufficiently low that the radial compliance of the combination is at least an order of magnitude below that of said slotted spacer ring.
2. A transducer as in claim 1, in which said tape is fiber glass tape.
3. A transducer as in claim 1, in which said filling and said tape-impregnating materials are epoxy resins.
4. A transducer as in claim 1, in which said tape is fiber glass tape, and said filling and tape-impregnating materials are plastic resin.
5. A transducer as in claim 1, in which said tape is fiber glass tape, and said filling and tape-impregnating material are epoxy resin.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US5203870A | 1970-07-02 | 1970-07-02 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3663933A true US3663933A (en) | 1972-05-16 |
Family
ID=21975028
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US52038A Expired - Lifetime US3663933A (en) | 1970-07-02 | 1970-07-02 | Protective band for bilaminar transducer with slotted spacer ring |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3663933A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4184093A (en) * | 1978-07-07 | 1980-01-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Piezoelectric polymer rectangular flexural plate hydrophone |
| FR2570567A1 (en) * | 1984-09-19 | 1986-03-21 | Norway Geophysical Co | HYDROPHONE ARRANGEMENT |
| US4709361A (en) * | 1986-10-30 | 1987-11-24 | Allied Corporation | Flexural disk transducer |
| US4888747A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1989-12-19 | Williams C W | Sonar transducer control arm assembly for fishermen |
| US5172344A (en) * | 1973-06-29 | 1992-12-15 | Raytheon Company | Deep submergence transducer |
| US5811911A (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1998-09-22 | Daimler-Benz Ag | Piezoelectric actuator |
| USD403606S (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 1999-01-05 | Paton Jr William K | Submersible protective cage for a pressure transducer |
| EP1041537A2 (en) | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-04 | Thomson Marconi Sonar Limited | Pressure tolerant transducer |
| US7787330B1 (en) | 2007-10-03 | 2010-08-31 | Karl Reid | Removable protective device for a submersible liquid transmitter |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3054084A (en) * | 1959-09-28 | 1962-09-11 | Edwin J Parssinen | Balanced flexural electroacoustic transducer |
| US3249912A (en) * | 1962-08-08 | 1966-05-03 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Electromechanical transducer |
| US3421137A (en) * | 1966-02-23 | 1969-01-07 | Us Navy | Echo repeater and/or target simulator |
| US3496617A (en) * | 1967-11-08 | 1970-02-24 | Us Navy | Technique for curving piezoelectric ceramics |
| US3546497A (en) * | 1967-11-08 | 1970-12-08 | Plessey Co Ltd | Piezoelectric transducer element |
-
1970
- 1970-07-02 US US52038A patent/US3663933A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3054084A (en) * | 1959-09-28 | 1962-09-11 | Edwin J Parssinen | Balanced flexural electroacoustic transducer |
| US3249912A (en) * | 1962-08-08 | 1966-05-03 | Gen Dynamics Corp | Electromechanical transducer |
| US3421137A (en) * | 1966-02-23 | 1969-01-07 | Us Navy | Echo repeater and/or target simulator |
| US3496617A (en) * | 1967-11-08 | 1970-02-24 | Us Navy | Technique for curving piezoelectric ceramics |
| US3546497A (en) * | 1967-11-08 | 1970-12-08 | Plessey Co Ltd | Piezoelectric transducer element |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5172344A (en) * | 1973-06-29 | 1992-12-15 | Raytheon Company | Deep submergence transducer |
| US4184093A (en) * | 1978-07-07 | 1980-01-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Piezoelectric polymer rectangular flexural plate hydrophone |
| FR2570567A1 (en) * | 1984-09-19 | 1986-03-21 | Norway Geophysical Co | HYDROPHONE ARRANGEMENT |
| US4709361A (en) * | 1986-10-30 | 1987-11-24 | Allied Corporation | Flexural disk transducer |
| EP0265679A2 (en) * | 1986-10-30 | 1988-05-04 | AlliedSignal Inc. | Flexural disk transducer |
| EP0265679A3 (en) * | 1986-10-30 | 1988-12-21 | Allied Corporation | Flexural disk transducer |
| US4888747A (en) * | 1989-01-17 | 1989-12-19 | Williams C W | Sonar transducer control arm assembly for fishermen |
| US5811911A (en) * | 1995-11-07 | 1998-09-22 | Daimler-Benz Ag | Piezoelectric actuator |
| USD403606S (en) * | 1997-09-08 | 1999-01-05 | Paton Jr William K | Submersible protective cage for a pressure transducer |
| EP1041537A2 (en) | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-04 | Thomson Marconi Sonar Limited | Pressure tolerant transducer |
| US6404106B1 (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2002-06-11 | Thales Underwater Systems Limited | Pressure tolerant transducer |
| US7787330B1 (en) | 2007-10-03 | 2010-08-31 | Karl Reid | Removable protective device for a submersible liquid transmitter |
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