US3662935A - Apparatus for fibrillating uniaxially oriented film - Google Patents

Apparatus for fibrillating uniaxially oriented film Download PDF

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Publication number
US3662935A
US3662935A US873451A US3662935DA US3662935A US 3662935 A US3662935 A US 3662935A US 873451 A US873451 A US 873451A US 3662935D A US3662935D A US 3662935DA US 3662935 A US3662935 A US 3662935A
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United States
Prior art keywords
revolving
film
uniaxially oriented
coarse surface
oriented film
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US873451A
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English (en)
Inventor
Masahide Yazawa
Tokio Okada
Kazue Yamano
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Polymer Processing Research Institute Ltd
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Polymer Processing Research Institute Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Polymer Processing Research Institute Ltd filed Critical Polymer Processing Research Institute Ltd
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Publication of US3662935A publication Critical patent/US3662935A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/42—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments
    • D01D5/423—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like by cutting films into narrow ribbons or filaments or by fibrillation of films or filaments by fibrillation of films or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F1/18—Perforating by slitting, i.e. forming cuts closed at their ends without removal of material
    • B26F1/20—Perforating by slitting, i.e. forming cuts closed at their ends without removal of material with tools carried by a rotating drum or similar support
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T225/00—Severing by tearing or breaking
    • Y10T225/10—Methods
    • Y10T225/14—Longitudinally of direction of feed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T225/00—Severing by tearing or breaking
    • Y10T225/30—Breaking or tearing apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T225/00—Severing by tearing or breaking
    • Y10T225/30—Breaking or tearing apparatus
    • Y10T225/329—Plural breakers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for fibrillating a uniaxially oriented film, and more particularly to a method for preparing a split fiber web from a uniaxially oriented film by slide-rubbing the film over a bar-file-like, revolving means having a coarse surface.
  • split fibers have come to attention and various methods for preparing split fibers have been proposed.
  • One of the present inventors proposed also in US. Pat. Application No. 8 18529, a method for fibrillating a uniaxially oriented film by a bar file or similar means having a coarse surface and revolving at a high speed.
  • the present invention relates to a method for continuously fibrillating a uniaxially oriented film, where the uniaxially oriented film of a polymer having a fiber formability is split into a web of small continuous fibers having reticulated structure by slide-rubbing the film under a tension over a bar file-like means having a coarse surface revolving around an axis in a longitudinal direction at a high speed, in a direction perpendicular to the revolving axis of said revolving means, characterized by using a bar-like means having a surface on which are provided a plurality of small roof-type projections formed by (1) multiple screw threads having more than 10 to several tens of sharp crests at a helix angle of 2.5 or more and usually at a pitch of 0.2 to 2.0 mm and (ll) scraped grooves which intersect with said thread crests at an angle of 2.5 or more to the travelling direction of said uniaxially oriented film, have the same each width as said pitch and are scrap
  • the object of the present invention is to fibrillate a wide, uniaxially oriented film having a width over 1 m as well as more than 100 narrow, tape-like, uniaxially oriented films arranged in parallel at a speed as high as 500 to 1,000 m/min., while keeping the number of revolution of the revolving means having a coarse surface, i.e. an essential constituent of the fiber splitting apparatus, below the hazzardous rate of revolution.
  • the production capacity of a splitter exceeds 10 tons per day and it is made possible to fabricate a truly practical production scale splitter.
  • the maximum diameter of commercially available bar file used in the method of the prior application filed by one of the present applicants as regards said method for fibrillation is about mm and its effective length is 400 to 500 mm.
  • the number of revolution be such that the revolution is effected at a peripheral speed 3 to 5 times as high as the travelling speed of the uniaxially oriented film, and thus, if the travelling speed is 300 m/min., the number of revolution exceeds the hazardous rate of revolution of the revolving means and becomes 14,000 rpm. in case that the file diameter is 20 mm, and a span between the supporting bearings is only about 600 mm. Thus, it is impossible to use the film having an effective width of over 500 mm and traveling at a higher speed.
  • the length for fabricating a file is about 500 mm even either in case of manual processing using a chisel or in case of mechanical processing using a chisel-like tool. It is almost impossible to commercially obtain a file having an efiective length of over 1 m to obtain a uniform split state covering a large width.
  • the present invention is proposed to obtain a uniform, split fiber web by means of a splitter having a uniform surface structure through threading that can be worked uniformly.
  • Japanese Pat. Publication No. 169097/68 proposes a tap-like tool having male threads prepared by threading one or several rows of screws and scraping the screws at a several locations on the circumference.
  • Said conventional tool looks like, at a glimpse, as if it were a splitter used in the present invention, but its structure and function are fundamentally different. That is, the tool used in Japanese Pat. Publication No. 16909/68 has one or several threads of screws and the helix angle of the screw is very small, and does not exceed 1, and is less than several minutes. lts crest forms a sharp edge and its object is to cut the film. Thus, reticulated slits of various sizes are obtained on the film by number of said screw crests, number of scrapes on the circumference, diameter of the tool and number of revolutions.
  • the reticulated structure of the thus obtained product is regular and consists of main reticulated fibers running almost obliquely and a large number of small fibers connecting to said reticulated fibers one with another in form of a ladder.
  • the wearing of the edged tool is considerable.
  • the life of edges is about 20 hours even the in case of a film consisting of pure resin.
  • the life cannot exceed several hours, though it depends upon its content. This is indeed a surprising but a well-known fact.
  • the present invention is to provide a novel mode of a bar-like revolving means having a coarse surface to be used in said prior invention.
  • the crests of small projections on the surface of the revolving means of the present invention are at certain angles to the travelling direction of said film so as not to cut the uniaxially oriented film. Such angles are the helix angles of said screw threads (I). If said angles are less than 2.5, the crests of the screw threads often exert a cutting action.
  • such cutting action depends upon the surface properties of metals constituting said projections and the polymer film slide-rubbing over the metals, for example, a degree of smoothness and a coefficient of friction between the metals and the film, but most of polymers do not receive the cutting action hardly at all if the helix angle is 2.5 or more.
  • the crests of the present invention do not require a sharpness of the edge of edged tools. It is only necessary that the film undergoes an elevational difference from one position to another on account of the irregularity of the surface of the means having a coarse surface while the film is slide-rubbed over the coarse surface.
  • the crests have sharp but elevationally somewhat rugged tiny projections inevitablly brought about by fabrication, because the sidewards slipping of the film can be thereby prevented.
  • the said polymer having a fiber formability is selected from the group consisting of high density olyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylchloride, polyvinylalcohol, polyacrylonitril, polyvinylidenchloride, and copolymer thereof, polystyrene, polytetrafluoroethylene, copolymer of hexafluoropropylene and tetrafluoroethylene and other fluoro-resins, nylon-6, nylon-66 and the like polyamides, polyethylene-ter
  • An apparatus for continuously fibrillating film which includes:
  • a revolving coarse surface positioned intermediate said two spaced apart revolving feed means and adapted to be pressed against said film at a contact angle of between 60 and 120 so that said film will be maintained under tension in moving between said two spaced apart revolving feed means
  • the helix angle of said screw thread crests being at least 2.5 with respect to the travelling direction of said film so as to not cut the uniaxially oriented film
  • the angle of the helical grooves with respect to the travelling direction of the film being within the range of about 5 to k. the length of each roof-shaped projection on said revolving surface being at least equal to the width of said helical grooves.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US873451A 1968-11-18 1969-11-03 Apparatus for fibrillating uniaxially oriented film Expired - Lifetime US3662935A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8465568 1968-11-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3662935A true US3662935A (en) 1972-05-16

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US873451A Expired - Lifetime US3662935A (en) 1968-11-18 1969-11-03 Apparatus for fibrillating uniaxially oriented film

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3662935A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1957998A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2023532A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1250855A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0688665A2 (en) 1994-06-20 1995-12-27 Nippon Petrochemicals Company, Limited Composite material with controlled elasticity
US5612125A (en) * 1991-05-27 1997-03-18 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Process for producing prepreg
US20190062949A1 (en) * 2016-03-03 2019-02-28 Teijin Aramid B.V. Process and device for splitting a tape
US10328630B2 (en) 2015-06-10 2019-06-25 Jxtg Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation Mesh structure
US10370784B2 (en) 2014-09-19 2019-08-06 Jxtg Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation Mesh nonwoven fabric

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA984113A (en) * 1970-05-08 1976-02-24 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Perforation of thermoplastic films

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3416772A (en) * 1966-06-03 1968-12-17 Phillips Petroleum Co Method of fibrillation
US3427912A (en) * 1964-08-13 1969-02-18 Toshiba Machine Co Ltd Process for preparation for splitting fiber and its apparatus for the same
US3494522A (en) * 1968-01-08 1970-02-10 Hercules Inc Apparatus for making yarn by fibrillation of ribbons of plastic material
US3496259A (en) * 1968-05-03 1970-02-17 Chevron Res Process for preparing fibrous web
US3500517A (en) * 1967-03-20 1970-03-17 Shell Oil Co Process and apparatus for fibrillating and crimping films

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3427912A (en) * 1964-08-13 1969-02-18 Toshiba Machine Co Ltd Process for preparation for splitting fiber and its apparatus for the same
US3416772A (en) * 1966-06-03 1968-12-17 Phillips Petroleum Co Method of fibrillation
US3500517A (en) * 1967-03-20 1970-03-17 Shell Oil Co Process and apparatus for fibrillating and crimping films
US3494522A (en) * 1968-01-08 1970-02-10 Hercules Inc Apparatus for making yarn by fibrillation of ribbons of plastic material
US3496259A (en) * 1968-05-03 1970-02-17 Chevron Res Process for preparing fibrous web

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5612125A (en) * 1991-05-27 1997-03-18 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Process for producing prepreg
US5723388A (en) * 1991-05-27 1998-03-03 Nippon Oil Co., Ltd. Prepreg of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene
EP0688665A2 (en) 1994-06-20 1995-12-27 Nippon Petrochemicals Company, Limited Composite material with controlled elasticity
US10370784B2 (en) 2014-09-19 2019-08-06 Jxtg Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation Mesh nonwoven fabric
US10328630B2 (en) 2015-06-10 2019-06-25 Jxtg Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation Mesh structure
US20190062949A1 (en) * 2016-03-03 2019-02-28 Teijin Aramid B.V. Process and device for splitting a tape
US11208737B2 (en) * 2016-03-03 2021-12-28 Teijin Aramid B.V. Process and device for splitting a tape

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1250855A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-10-20
DE1957998A1 (de) 1970-05-27
FR2023532A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-08-21

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