US3661981A - Corrosion inhibitors - Google Patents

Abstract

THIS SPECIFICATION DISCLOSES COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR INHIBITING CORROSION NORMALLY CAUSED BY OIL WELL FLUIDS. THE COMPOSITIONS COMPRISE A MAJOR AMOUNT OF AN AMINE SALT WHEREIN THE AMINE IS

RNHCH2CH2CH2NH2

WHEREIN R IS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALIPHATIC AND CYCLOALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON RADICAL HAVING 12 TO 30 CARBON ATOMS AND THE ACID IS

HOOC-C(-R1)=C(-R2)-C(-R3)=C(-R4)-COOH

WHEREIN R1, R2, R3 AND R4 ARE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF CH3 AND H.

Description

United. States Patent 3,661,981 CORROSION INHIBITORS Samuel E. Jolly, Ridley Park, Pa., assignor to Sun Oil Company, Philadelphia, Pa. No Drawing. Original application July 18, 1966, Ser. No. 565,701, now Patent No. 3,523,894, dated Aug. 11, 1970. Divided and this application Mar. 2, 1970, Ser.

Int. Cl. C07e 87/04 US. Cl. 260-5011 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE This specification discloses compositions and methods for inhibiting corrosion normally caused by oil well fluids. The compositions comprise a major amount of an amine salt wherein the amine is RNI-ICH CH CH NH wherein R is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon radicals having 12 to 30 carbon atoms and the acid is wherein R R R and R are selected from the group consisting of CH and H.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION This application is a division of copending application Ser. No. 565,701, filed July 18, 1966, by Samuel E. Jolly and entitled Corrosion Inhibitors now Patent No. 3,523,- 894, issued Aug. 11, 1970.

This invention relates to new compositions and to the inhibiting of corrosion of metal equipment used in connection with the production and transportation of oil well fluids, and more particularly, to inhibiting the corrosion normally caused by well fluids such as mixtures of crude oil and brine.

More specifically this invention relates to corrosion inhibiting compositions containing N-alkyl trimethylene diarnine salts of acids having the general structure;

wherein R R R and R are R or H, and to processes Patented May 9, 1972 of inhibiting corrosion in oil wells using such compositions.

Protection of metal surfaces from corrosion is an important factor in many fields of technology. One manner of providing such protection is by use of a corrosion inhibitor which forms an adsorbed protective film on a metal surface, which film resists attack of the surface by corrosive agents in fluids with which the surface would otherwise come in direct contact. The present invention provides a highly eifective corrosion inhibitor for such use.

One application of corrosion inhibition which is of great importance in petroleum production is the inhibition of corrosion normally caused by oil well fluids such as mixtures of crude oil and brine. Corrosion of metal tubing, casing, pumps and other equipment used in producing oil from wells is a particularly difficult problem in petroleum production. The mixtures of crude oil and brine which are produced in most wells are highly corrosive to the metals of which such equipment is commonly constructed, particularly when the brine contains hydrogen sulfides, carbon dioxide or other acidic materials.

Amine salts of acids have been proposed as oil well corrosion inhibitors. For example, US. Pat. No. 3,054,- 0 discloses using acids having the formula:

where R is a hydrocarbon radical having 12 to 30 carbon atoms, and n is an integer from 0 to 5. R is preferably aliphatic or cycloaliphatic. In a preferred embodiment R is the hydrocarbon residue of petroleum naphthenic acids. Also proposed by this patent are salts of these acids and N-alkyl trimethylene diamines having the formula;

where R is a hydrocarbon of 12. to 30 carbon atoms.

It has now been found that oil well corrosion inhibitor compositions exhibiting improved properties over the compositions of Pat. No. 3,054,750 comprise the N-alkyl trimethylene diamine salts of acids having the general structure;

C=O 00 OH HO 0 0 0:0

H CH

cis-cis C=C OH; HO O C=C H C O OH cis-trans H0 0 O H C=C CH H30/ \CZC/ H CO OH trans-trans The three isomeric dimethylmuconic acids are white crystalline powders with the physical properties listed in Table I.

TABLE I Cis-eis Cis-trans Trans-trans Molecular Weight 170. 2 170. 2 170. 2 Melting P011113, C a 223224 11 179-180 a 332-333 Ionization constants: (at 25 C.) 11%;

p 2 Solubtlity, g./100 g. solution, 25.0

t 0.026 0. 244 0.0036 0 W3 er a 0. 24 b 1. 97 b 0.032 3. 30 22. 7 0. 39 0.185 2.17 0.39 0. 994 7. 60 0. 112 Benzene 0. 006 0. 023 0. 008

* Melting point varies with the rate of heating. b At 80 C.

All of the acids which fit the general formula may be prepared by the method disclosed in U.S. Pat. 3,383,289, issued May 14, 1968, which involves the fermentation of C to C methylbenzenes having 1 to 4 methyl groups to produce the corresponding unsaturated dibasic acids.

Additionally the preferred u,a'-dimethylmuconic acids may be prepared by the peracetic oxidation of p-xylenol to give the cis-cis isomer as described by Elvidge et al., J. Chem. 800., pages 1026 to 1033 (1952). This is inverted by boiling alkali to the trans-trans acid or isomerized by fulfuric acid to the lactonic acid which when esterified and treated with sodium methoxide gives the half methyl ester of cis-trans-a,w'-dimethylmuconic acid.

The diamines useful in this invention are of the formula;

RNHCH CH CH NH wherein R is a hydrocarbon radical having 12 to 30 carbon atoms. R may be aliphatic or cycloaliphatic.

*In the preparation of the amine salts, the acids and the amine are simply mixed together in the liquid or partially liquid state. Both the monoand diacid salts may be prepared according to the relative proportion of reagents used. The temperature is maintained below 100 C. in order to avoid formation of amide linkages. Amides are avoided since they give generally inferior results as corrosion inhibitors, particularly for use in preventing corrosion normally caused by oil well fluids.

The corrosion inhibiting compositions disclosed herein are particularly useful for inhibiting corrosion of metal equipment used in production and transportation of oil well fluids, including gas Well fluids and gas condensate well fluids, such corrosion being normally caused by maable manner, e.g. by introducing them, either alone or disterials such as H 3, CO and lower organic acids. The inhibitors can be commingled with the well fluids in any suitsolved in a suitable solvent such as an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, into the well tubing or into the annulus between the tubing and the casing. The salt can alternatively be incorporated in a solid stick inhibitor containing microcrystalline wax or other suitable material. The injection practices which are known for use with other organic inhibitors are generally suitable for use with the present inhibitor. Preferably, the salt is added to the cor rosive well fluids in amounts of 25 to 1000 ppm. based on the well fluids, e.g. a mixture of crude oil and brine. In addition to their corrosion inhibiting properties, the salts have detergency characteristics which make them useful in maintaining metal surfaces of well production equipment in clean condition, and in removing corrosion products or scale from corroded metal surfaces.

The compositions are useful in other corrosion inhibition applications also, being generally useful in protecting ferrous metals, the protection being accomplished by means of a layer of the composition on the metal surface which is to be protected. Preferably, they are first dissolved in a protective hydrocarbon oil or other suitable solvent, and the solution is applied to the surface. Suitable operation in the latter instance is disclosed for diffcrent inhibitors in U.S. Pat. No. 2,736,658, and similar operation can be employed in the present instance. Preferred amounts of the inhibitor in the solvent are those within the approximate range from 0.01 to 1.0 weight percent, though any larger amount which is soluble in the solvent can be employed. Generally the salts of this invention are less soluble in water, hydrocarbons, alcohols, etc. than those disclosed in Pat. 3,054,750. This is advantageous because they are not as rapidly depleted by the well fluids when used as inhibitors.

The inhibitors can also be employed in greases comprising gelled hydrocarbon oils as described in the U.S. Pat. No. 2,736,658, previously cited. Preferred amounts of the inhibitor in the grease are those within the approximate range from 1 to 5 weight percent though any larger amount which is compatible with the grease can also be employed.

The following examples illustrate the invention.

EXAMPLES I-II Salts of N-tallow trimethylene diamines with a,oc'-dlmethyl-cis,cis-muconic acid were prepared. The diamines employed were a material known by the trademark Duomeen T and comprised a mixture of diamines having the formula RNHCH CH CH NH where R is a hydrocarbon radical derived from tallow, the average molecular weight of the mixture of diamines being 320. Since the mixture of diamines is not pure, the combining weight of Duomeen T is about 400.

Mono-salts were prepared by admixing the diamines with the theoretical amount of acid required to neutralize one amino group of the diamines with one carboxyl group. Disalts were also prepared by using twice that ratio of the acid.

These salts were then tested as corrosion inhibitors for oil well fluids according to the following procedure: Approximately equal volumes of a severely corrosive kerosene saturated with hydrogen sulfide, and of brine containing 13.24 grams per liter of CaCl -2H O, 3.5 g./l. of Na SO 60 g./l. of NaCl, 10.68 g./l. of MgCI -GH O, 1.0 g./l. of Na CO and 400 to 600 ppm. of H 8 were placed in a bottle, together with amounts of the amine salt mixture as indicated in Table II, expressed as parts per million based on the sum of the volumes of oil and brine. A cleaned and weighed /6 rod of mild steel was placed in the bottle, and the latter was sealed. The liquids nearly filled the bottle, the remaining fluid being largely air. The bottle was placed on the periphery of a drum which was rotated at a rate of about revolutions per minute for a period of 24 hours. The test was carried out at room temperature. The steel rod was then removed, cleaned, and weighed to determine the weight loss from corrosion by the oil and brine. This weight loss was compared with that obtained in a blank run with no inhibitor, and the percent reduction in weight loss by use of the inhibitor and the percent protection determined. The percent protection results are given in Table II, Columns A and B.

TABLE II.SALTS (B) (C) (D) Dlamine. RNHCHzCHzCHzNHz RNHcHgcHzcHzNHz RNHCHzCHzOHgNHg RNHCH CHgCHgNH;

Acid cis,cis DMMA cis,cis DMMA N-naphthenyl alanlnes N-naphthenyl alanines Mole ratio, acid to diamlne 1:1 2: 1 1:1 2:1

Percent protection Parts per million:

The table further shows the results obtained with the wherein R R R and R are selected from the group compositions prepared in Example III of US. Pat. 3,054,- consisting of CH and H.

750 (indicated as C and D in Table II). Although the 2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the salt is a salts of this invention do not exhibit extraordinary film monosalt. life, a comparison of results in the table does indicate 3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the salt is a that not only do the compositions of the present invendisalt. tion exhibit generally greater protection at a particular 4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the salt is the concentration over the N-naphthenyl alanine salts but monosalt of u,x'-dimethylmuc0nic acid. also, surprisingly, significantly maintain their activity at 5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the salt is the extremely low concentrations. For example, at a concendisalt of a,a'-dimethylrnuconic acid. tration of 50 parts per million, the N-naphthenyl alanine salts exhibited percent protection of 16.0 and 73.0 while eferences Cited the cis, cis DMlVIA salts, at the same concentration showed UNITED STATES PATENTS percent protection of 85, 82, 86 and 84. 2,840,584 6/1958 Jones 260 501'2 X What 2 868 833 1/1959 5 b t 1 260 5012 1. A composition of matter comprising an amine salt na 0 e a an wherem the amme BERNARD HELFIN, Primary Examiner RNHCHZCHZCHZNHZ M. W. GLYNN, Assistant Examiner wherein R is a hydrocarbon radical having 12 to 30 carbon atoms, and the acid is