US3429673A - Corrosion inhibiting additive compositions for fuel oils - Google Patents
Corrosion inhibiting additive compositions for fuel oils Download PDFInfo
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- US3429673A US3429673A US622922A US3429673DA US3429673A US 3429673 A US3429673 A US 3429673A US 622922 A US622922 A US 622922A US 3429673D A US3429673D A US 3429673DA US 3429673 A US3429673 A US 3429673A
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- salt
- corrosion
- carbon atoms
- salts
- fuel oil
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title description 46
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title description 46
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 title description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 39
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 55
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 31
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 28
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 20
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 14
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 7
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 6
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- FMBWBTOMBLRYPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoate;tris(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O.OCCN(CCO)CCO FMBWBTOMBLRYPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940117927 ethylene oxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003747 fuel oil additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FBUKVWPVBMHYJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZDPHROOEEOARMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Hexadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN FJLUATLTXUNBOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-undecenoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC=C FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LTHNHFOGQMKPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CN LTHNHFOGQMKPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZGIPIEWHOQEVJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethylazanium;octanoate Chemical compound NCCO.CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZGIPIEWHOQEVJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005643 Pelargonic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanolamine Chemical compound NCCCO WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- SGTADWDVCKFNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylazanium;octanoate Chemical compound CCCCN.CCCCCCCC(O)=O SGTADWDVCKFNIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FCKWGJJEDLNPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylazanium;octanoate Chemical group CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCN FCKWGJJEDLNPGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC([O-])=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002897 organic nitrogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BEZZFPOZAYTVHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxfendazole Chemical compound C=1C=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=CC=1S(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BEZZFPOZAYTVHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2222—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates
- C10L1/2225—(cyclo)aliphatic amines; polyamines (no macromolecular substituent 30C); quaternair ammonium compounds; carbamates hydroxy containing
Definitions
- This invention relates to a corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils consisting of a mixture of:
- the invention also relates to fuel oils containing from 50 to 1000 parts per million of the aforesaid corrosion inhibitor composition.
- organic nitrogen compounds such as amines
- amines have already been suggested, in particular long chain amines as well as alkanolamines, amides and their salts, also fatty acids or their salts.
- these products guarantee good protection as long as the corrosion relates merely to an attack by condensation moisture or to corrosion due to salt-free ground Water.
- salt-containing, in particular, chloride-containing solutions the previously known fuel oil additives offer a sufiicient protection only when disproportionately higher, frequently no longer economical, concentrations are employed.
- the object of the invention is to discover corrosion preventatives, in particular, corrosion inhibiting additives for fuel oils which guarantee, even in the presence of saltcontaining, especially chloride-containing water, an especially pronounced protection already with the use of small amounts of the additives.
- Another object of the invention is the obtention of a corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils consisting of a mixture of:
- said salts being present in said mixture in a ratio of 1:9 to 9:1 parts by weight.
- a further object of the invention is the obtention of a corrosion preventative fuel oil containing from to 1000 parts per million of the aforesaid corrosion inhibitor composition.
- said salts being present in said mixture in a ratio of 1 to 9 to 9 to 1.
- salt A carboxylic acids with 8 to 10 carbon atoms were used for the salt formation
- carboxylic acids having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms as salt B can also be observed as an improvement compared with the shorter or longer chain acids.
- the amine components of the salt B those having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms have the most favorable effect on the corrosion-preventing behavior.
- a further influence of the effectiveness of the salt mixture is possible by varying the proportions of the salts A and B in the total mixture. Here it became evident that the best results are obtained when the ratio of salt A to salt B fluctuates within the limits of 3:7 to 7:3 parts by weight.
- compositions for fuel oils consist of a mixture of:
- said salts being present in said mixture in a ratio of 3:7 to 7:3 parts by weight.
- Suitable as acid components of the salt A are aliphatic carboxylic acids of natural origin, such as caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, and undecylenoic acid, and also synthetic carboxylic acids, as obtained by the paraffin oxidation or by addition of carbon monoxide and water to olefins.
- the above acids are alkanoic 3 acids and alkenoic aclds having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. The best efiectiveness may be attributed to the salts of caprylic, pelargonic and capric acids, of which caprylic acid (noctanoic acid) is most outstanding.
- the alkylamine component substituted by hydroxyl 5 amine-caprylate has been found the most favorable comgroups of the salt A can consist of monoethanolamine, dibination of all of the possibilities, absolutely suitable and ethanolamine, triethanolamine, propanolamine, isoprofurnishing very satisfoctory results.
- this panolamine, triisopropanolamine, ethyleneoxide addition combination is the most effective when the mixture comproducts of amines or alk'anolamines, as for example, ponents are used at aratio of 1:1.
- concentrations for use of the corrosion inhibitor salt ethylene oxide units, 2-ethyl-hexylamine-l-6 ethylene oxmixtures of the invention, required for a sufiicient proide units, octylamine+8 ethylene oxide units, dodecyltection in fuel oil lies between 50 and 1000 p.p.m., based amine- ⁇ -12 ethylene oxide units, triethanolamine+2 on fuel oil.
- R1--l IRa examples wherein R R and R are members selected from the For the investigation of the effectiveness of the corrogroup consisting of (a) hydrogen, (b) alkyl having from 1 sion preventative compositions, rust-free, polished and dcto 12 carbon atoms (0) hydroxyalkyl having from 2 to 6 greased steel plates of the quality ST 37-2 (-DIN 17.100), carbon atoms, and (d) -(CH CH -O:),,H, where n 1s 2 mm. thick, 20 mm. wide and 100 mm. long, were placed an integer of from 2 to 20, with the prov1so that at least in a standing cylinder of about 25 mm.
- R R and R is selected from members (c) and mm. height. Then ml. of a pure unmixed fuel oil, to (d) above. Triethanolamine was found to be the most sultwhich various corrosion inhibitor salt mixtures had been able component. added, and 3 ml. of an aqueous 0.3% sodium chloride so- AS d components of the Salt 1 h y Valerie lution were added. The steel plates were submerged about acid as well as those acids already indicated as acid com- 30 6 mm. in the aqueous solution and were covered with oil ponents f the salts A can be used, of which ap a gi, up to a height of mm.
- An aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils consisting of a mixture of (A) salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids containing from 8 to 10 carbon atoms selected from the group ness of the fuel oil additives of the invention, a quanticonsisting of alkanoic acids and alkenoic acids, with tative test was conducted according to the specifications alkylamines containing hydroxyl groups of the given by the Eidrischen Metallpriifungs und formula feelingssweg (Federal Metal Testing and Research R1 Institute) (EMPA-Publications 2/ 1964).
- a square, rust-free, polished, degreased steel plate (ST RPN-R DIN Of known weight and 2 mm. thickwherein R R and R are members selected from ness with a length of 20 mm, was placed in a 50 ml. the group consisting of (a) hydrogen, (b) alkyl beaker. ml. of fuel oil was poured over the steel plate, having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, (c) hydroxyalkyl and while vigorously stirring, 0.23 ml. of water or 0.23 having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and (d) ml. of sodium chloride solutions having a concentration 40 varying from 0.3% to 3% were added.
- n is an integer from 2 to 20, with the proviso produced a corresponding corrosion.
- the loss of iron was consisting of alkanoic acids and alkenoic acids, with ascertained from the difference and converted into gram monoalkylamines having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, of loss of iron/rn. of surface.
- the values thus obtained with the proviso that the total number of carbon are reported in the following table. atoms in said salt is more than 10;
- the advantage obtainable according to the invention consists in that with even low concentrations of the indicated salt mixtures in fuel oil, a complete protection can be obtained for the storage tank against corrosion due to salt-containing water.
- the salt-containing waters have until now caused the greatest difficulties with respect to the corrosion preventative techsaid salts being present in said mixture in a ratio of 3:7 to 7:3 parts by weight.
- aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1 wherein the carboxylic acid component of the salt A is an alkanoic acid having 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
- aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1 wherein the carboxylic acid component of the salt B is an alkanoic acid having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
- aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1 wherein the alkylamine containing hydroxyl group component of salt A is triethanolamine.
- aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1 wherein the monoalkylamine component of salt B is dodecylamine.
- salt A is triethanolamine-caprylate
- salt B is dodecylamine-caprylate and said salts A and B are present in a ratio of 1 to 1 parts by weight.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Description
United States Patent Office 3,429,673 Patented Feb. 25, 1969 ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE This invention relates to a corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils consisting of a mixture of:
(A) salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, with alkylamines substituted with hydroxyl groups; and
(B) salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, with alkylamines having from 4 to 16 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms in said salt is more than said salts being present in said mixture in a ratio of 1:9 to 9:1 parts by weight. The invention also relates to fuel oils containing from 50 to 1000 parts per million of the aforesaid corrosion inhibitor composition.
The prior art The inner walls of the metal containers for the fuel oil supply are, as is well known, exposed to intense corrosion attacks. Primarily, these attacks are caused by water which enters the tank together with the fuel oil or possibly absorbed by the air which is drawn into the tank as the fuel oil is used. In any event this water tends to collect as a coherent layer on the bottom of the supply tank and as condensed moisture on the walls of this tank above the fuel oil level. Due to the fact that the oxygen present in this water is replenished continuously from the fuel oil during corrosion, this corrosion is advanced to a still greater degree. A further intensification of these corrosion attacks is caused by salts dissolved in the water, primarily chlorides, which get into the fuel oils in transportation and pass to the aqueous phase. The presence of salt-containing ground waters is even more dangerous, as they do not allow the presently known corrosion inhibiting agents, possibly present in the fuel oil, to take effect. Therefore, for some time, most types of fuel oils have been admixed with additives which are supposed to reduce the corrosive attacks.
As corrosion inhibitors organic nitrogen compounds, such as amines, have already been suggested, in particular long chain amines as well as alkanolamines, amides and their salts, also fatty acids or their salts. To some extent, these products guarantee good protection as long as the corrosion relates merely to an attack by condensation moisture or to corrosion due to salt-free ground Water. To combat the attacks by salt-containing, in particular, chloride-containing solutions, the previously known fuel oil additives offer a sufiicient protection only when disproportionately higher, frequently no longer economical, concentrations are employed.
Objects of the invention The object of the invention is to discover corrosion preventatives, in particular, corrosion inhibiting additives for fuel oils which guarantee, even in the presence of saltcontaining, especially chloride-containing water, an especially pronounced protection already with the use of small amounts of the additives.
Another object of the invention is the obtention of a corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils consisting of a mixture of:
(A) salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, with alkylamines substituted with hydroxyl groups; and
(B) salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, with alkylamines having from 4 to 16 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms in said salt is more than 10;
said salts being present in said mixture in a ratio of 1:9 to 9:1 parts by weight.
A further object of the invention is the obtention of a corrosion preventative fuel oil containing from to 1000 parts per million of the aforesaid corrosion inhibitor composition.
These and other objects of the invention will become more apparent as the description thereof proceeds.
Description of the invention The invention accomplishes these objectives in that as corrosion preventatives, in particular corrosion in hibiting additives for fuel oils, such products are utilized which contain mixtures of:
(A) salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, with alkylamines substituted by bydroxyl groups; and
(B) salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, with alkylamines having from 4 to 16 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the total number of carbon atoms in said salt is more than 10;
said salts being present in said mixture in a ratio of 1 to 9 to 9 to 1.
In the case wherein salt A, carboxylic acids with 8 to 10 carbon atoms were used for the salt formation, a distinct improvement could be noted as compared with the shorter or longer chain acids. The use of carboxylic acids having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms as salt B can also be observed as an improvement compared with the shorter or longer chain acids. Among the amine components of the salt B, those having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms have the most favorable effect on the corrosion-preventing behavior. A further influence of the effectiveness of the salt mixture is possible by varying the proportions of the salts A and B in the total mixture. Here it became evident that the best results are obtained when the ratio of salt A to salt B fluctuates within the limits of 3:7 to 7:3 parts by weight.
Particularly effective mixtures are obtained when all improving factors are considered simultaneously. These preferred corrosion inhibitor compositions for fuel oils consist of a mixture of:
(A) salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having from 8 to 10 carbon atoms, with alkylamines substituted by hydroxyl groups; and
(B) salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having from 6 to 10 carbon atoms with alkylamines having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the total number of the carbon atoms in said salts is more than 10;
said salts being present in said mixture in a ratio of 3:7 to 7:3 parts by weight.
Suitable as acid components of the salt A are aliphatic carboxylic acids of natural origin, such as caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, and undecylenoic acid, and also synthetic carboxylic acids, as obtained by the paraffin oxidation or by addition of carbon monoxide and water to olefins. Generally, the above acids are alkanoic 3 acids and alkenoic aclds having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. The best efiectiveness may be attributed to the salts of caprylic, pelargonic and capric acids, of which caprylic acid (noctanoic acid) is most outstanding.
4 octylamine, decylamine, and dodecylamine proved of better suitability. The best results were obtained with dodecylamine.
A mixture of triethanolamine-caprylate and dodecyl- The alkylamine component substituted by hydroxyl 5 amine-caprylate has been found the most favorable comgroups of the salt A can consist of monoethanolamine, dibination of all of the possibilities, absolutely suitable and ethanolamine, triethanolamine, propanolamine, isoprofurnishing very satisfoctory results. Furthermore, this panolamine, triisopropanolamine, ethyleneoxide addition combination is the most effective when the mixture comproducts of amines or alk'anolamines, as for example, ponents are used at aratio of 1:1. butylamine+3 ethylene oxide units, n-hexylamine+6 10 The concentrations for use of the corrosion inhibitor salt ethylene oxide units, 2-ethyl-hexylamine-l-6 ethylene oxmixtures of the invention, required for a sufiicient proide units, octylamine+8 ethylene oxide units, dodecyltection in fuel oil, lies between 50 and 1000 p.p.m., based amine-{-12 ethylene oxide units, triethanolamine+2 on fuel oil. Preferably, amounts of 100 to 250 p.p.m., ethylene oxide units, triethanolamine+6 ethylene oxide based on fuel oil, are used. units, etc. The preferred alkylamine components of salt The tests and the test results presented in the following A are alkylamines containing hydroxyl groups of the serve for better comprehension of the objects of the informula vention. It is to be understood, however, that these em- Rz bodiments are not to be deemed limitative in any respect.
R1--l IRa Examples wherein R R and R are members selected from the For the investigation of the effectiveness of the corrogroup consisting of (a) hydrogen, (b) alkyl having from 1 sion preventative compositions, rust-free, polished and dcto 12 carbon atoms (0) hydroxyalkyl having from 2 to 6 greased steel plates of the quality ST 37-2 (-DIN 17.100), carbon atoms, and (d) -(CH CH -O:),,H, where n 1s 2 mm. thick, 20 mm. wide and 100 mm. long, were placed an integer of from 2 to 20, with the prov1so that at least in a standing cylinder of about 25 mm. diameter and 240 one of R R and R is selected from members (c) and mm. height. Then ml. of a pure unmixed fuel oil, to (d) above. Triethanolamine was found to be the most sultwhich various corrosion inhibitor salt mixtures had been able component. added, and 3 ml. of an aqueous 0.3% sodium chloride so- AS d components of the Salt 1 h y Valerie lution were added. The steel plates were submerged about acid as well as those acids already indicated as acid com- 30 6 mm. in the aqueous solution and were covered with oil ponents f the salts A can be used, of which ap a gi, up to a height of mm. In this way, the rust development nanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargomc acid and caprlc could be observed on all three boundary phases: wateracid seem to be especially appropriate. Generally the steel, oil-steel and air-steel. The cylinders were kept locked above acides are alkanoic acids and alkeno1c acids having M fo 7 days in th d rk, Th aft th corrosion was 4 to 12 carbon atoms. The very best results are obtained judged visually nd i dica d i h th numbers 0 to 1() with caprylic acid. The individual values were assigned the following signi- As alkylamine components of salt B, butylamlne, hexylfi a amine, octylamine, decylamine, dodecylamine, hexadecylamine as well as amine mixtures as obtained, for example, 0 und?anged appparance 40 13=sl1ghtcorros1on from acids of corresponding chaln length as occurring 46=pronounced corrosion in natural o1ls and fats can be used. Preferably, these distinct corrosion are mono-alkylamines having from 4 to 16 carbon atoms. T ry Of the amines mentioned, those with short or medium The following table indicates the type of individual addilength chains, as for example, butylamine, hexylamine, tions, the amounts of these, as well as the evaluation.
TABLE I.-ADDITION [p.p.m. based on fuel 0111 Amount Example p.p.m. Salt A p.p.m. Salt B 01 corrosion 0 No addition 0 No addition 10 258 Triethanolamine-eaproate. 25g 5 2 125 'TriethanoIamine-eaproat 125 1 250 Triethanolamine-eaprylate. 0 3 125 do 125 0 250 Trlethanolamine-eaprate 0 4 125 -do 125 0 250 Triethanolamtnedeurate. 0 5 125 do 125 1 250 Monoethanolamine-caprylate. 0 5 125 -do 125 1 250 Tiiiigopropanolamine-cspry- 0 15 B e. 125 do 125 1 250 2-ethyl-hexyl-amine+fi 0 8 ethylene oxide unitseaprylete. 125 do 125 1 250 Dodecylamine+12 ethylene 0 g oxide units-eaprylate. 125 -do 125 Dodecylamine-eaprylate 1 0 250 Butylamine-caprylate. 4 12(51 Triethanolamine apryla do 1 'rartarsaisaaarrseiae o 3 0 250 Decylamine-eaprylate. 2 125 Triethanolamlne-eaprylate.. 125 do 0 0 250 Cocoamine-caprylate 2 125 Triethanolamine-eaprylate 125 0 0 250 Hexadecylamine-caprylate- 5 125 Triethanolamine-eaprylate.. 125 do 2 0 250 Dodecylamiue-butyrate 3 123 Triethanolamine-caprylate d0 1 111 55185131151551 125 3 0 250 2 34 125 Triethauolamine-caprylate- 125 0 35.--. 0 250 3 See fobtnotes at end of table.
TABLE I.Oontinued Ip.p.m. based on fuel oil] Amount Example p.p.m. Salt A p.p.m. Salt B oi corrosion 12g Trlethanolamine-caprylate. 2 125 Triethanolamine-caprylate 125 1 50 50 1 25 do 25 2 25 Triethanolamine caproate. 225 2 225 25 4 150 100 2 100 150 2 50 450 1 l Cocoarnine is the mixed amine derived from coconut oil fatty acids.
As it can be concluded from the preceding Table I, the individual salts already reduce the corrosive effect of the aqueous phase in the fuel oil to a certain degree when used by themselves. (See Examples 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 25 27, 29, 31, 33, 35 and 37.) However, if the corrosion inhibitor mixtures of the invention are used, a substantially greater protection is obtained than that which was to be expected from the total of the individual effects of the two components of the mixture. This synergistic effect makes it possible to obtain a fully satisfactory corrosion protective effect against aqueous, chloride-containing solutions with low concentrations of use of the corrosion inhibitor compositions of the invention.
To gain further information concerning the efiectivenique. Moreover, with the use of the corrosion preventative compositions of the invention, no foreign substances which could have an unfavorable effect during the combustion of the fuel oil in the boiler are added to the fuel oil.
The preceding specific embodiments are illustrative of the invention. It is to be understood, however, that other expedients known to those skilled in the art can be employed without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.
We claim:
1. An aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils consisting of a mixture of (A) salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids containing from 8 to 10 carbon atoms selected from the group ness of the fuel oil additives of the invention, a quanticonsisting of alkanoic acids and alkenoic acids, with tative test was conducted according to the specifications alkylamines containing hydroxyl groups of the given by the Eidgenossischen Metallpriifungs und formula Versuchsanstalt (Federal Metal Testing and Research R1 Institute) (EMPA-Publications 2/ 1964).
A square, rust-free, polished, degreased steel plate (ST RPN-R DIN Of known weight and 2 mm. thickwherein R R and R are members selected from ness with a length of 20 mm, was placed in a 50 ml. the group consisting of (a) hydrogen, (b) alkyl beaker. ml. of fuel oil was poured over the steel plate, having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, (c) hydroxyalkyl and while vigorously stirring, 0.23 ml. of water or 0.23 having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and (d) ml. of sodium chloride solutions having a concentration 40 varying from 0.3% to 3% were added. The aqueous (CHz CH2 'O)n H phase settled gradually in drops on the steel plate and Where n is an integer from 2 to 20, with the proviso produced a corresponding corrosion. The beakers, that at least one of R R and R is selected from covered with a watch glass, were allowed to stand in the members (c) and (d) above; and dark for 28 days. Thereafter, the rust formed was care- (B) Salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids containing fully scraped off with cellulose and the steel plate was again from 6 to 10 carbon atoms selected from the group weighed after having been dried. The loss of iron was consisting of alkanoic acids and alkenoic acids, with ascertained from the difference and converted into gram monoalkylamines having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms, of loss of iron/rn. of surface. The values thus obtained with the proviso that the total number of carbon are reported in the following table. atoms in said salt is more than 10;
TABLE II Triethanol- Dodecyl- G. of iron loss/m. of surface amuleamme- 1 solution FSEElZ ZhB 9355??? H20 NRC fuel oil) fuel oil) 0.3% 1. 0% 3. 0%
From the figures indicated in Table II, the outstanding corrosion inhibiting effect of the triethanolarninecaprylate/dodecylamine-caprylate mixtures can be seen even in the presence of greater sodium chloride concentrations which might be present in the ground water. These inhibiting effects occur even at extremely low concentrations of the corrosion inhibitor compositions of the invention in fuel oil.
The advantage obtainable according to the invention consists in that with even low concentrations of the indicated salt mixtures in fuel oil, a complete protection can be obtained for the storage tank against corrosion due to salt-containing water. Particularly, the salt-containing waters have until now caused the greatest difficulties with respect to the corrosion preventative techsaid salts being present in said mixture in a ratio of 3:7 to 7:3 parts by weight.
2. The aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1, wherein the carboxylic acid component of the salt A is an alkanoic acid having 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
3. The aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1, wherein the carboxylic acid component of the salt B is an alkanoic acid having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
4. The aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1 wherein the carboxylic acid component of salt A is caprylic acid.
5. The aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1 wherein the alkylamine containing hydroxyl group component of salt A is triethanolamine.
6. The aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1 wherein the carboxylic acid component of salt B is caprylic acid.
7. The aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1 wherein the monoalkylamine component of salt B is dodecylamine.
8. The aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inihibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1 wherein salt A is triethanolamine-caprylate, salt B is dodecylamine-caprylate and said salts A and B are present in a ratio of 1 to 1 parts by weight.
9. Fuel oil containing from 50 to 1000 parts per million, based on the fuel oil of the aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1.
10. Fuel oil containing from 50 to 1000 parts per million, based on the fuel oil of the aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 8.
11. Fuel oil containing from 100 to 250 parts per million, based on the fuel oil of the aqueous sodium chloride corrosion inhibitor composition for fuel oils of claim 1.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,990,365 2/1935 Beale 4466 XR 2,382,818 8/1945 Rhodes et al. 252-392 XR 2,433,243 12/1947 Smith et al. 4466 2,587,546 2/ 1952 Matuszak 252392 XR 2,614,980 10/1952 Lytle 252392 XR 2,736,658 2/1956 Pfohl et al. 4466 XR 2,798,045 7/1957 Buck et al. 4471 XR 2,939,842 6/1960 Thompson 44-71 XR DANIEL E. WYMAN, Primary Examiner.
WILLIAM J. SHINE, Assistant Examiner.
US. Cl. X.R. 44-71
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEH0059019 | 1966-04-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3429673A true US3429673A (en) | 1969-02-25 |
Family
ID=7160378
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US622922A Expired - Lifetime US3429673A (en) | 1966-04-05 | 1967-03-14 | Corrosion inhibiting additive compositions for fuel oils |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3429673A (en) |
BE (1) | BE696437A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1521777A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1517433A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1140019A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6703634A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3873278A (en) * | 1973-11-29 | 1975-03-25 | Du Pont | Gasoline |
US3893825A (en) * | 1970-12-30 | 1975-07-08 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Inhibition of corrosion |
US3894849A (en) * | 1973-11-29 | 1975-07-15 | Du Pont | Gasoline |
US4781730A (en) * | 1987-06-05 | 1988-11-01 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Fuel additive comprising a hydrocarbon soluble alkali or alkaline earth metal compound and a demulsifier |
WO2001038463A1 (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2001-05-31 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Use of fatty acid salts of alkoxylated oligoamines as lubricity improvers for petroleum products |
US20040010966A1 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2004-01-22 | Aradi Allen A. | Additives for fuel compositions to reduce formation of combustion chamber deposits |
DE19816526B4 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 2006-12-21 | Basf Ag | Use of alkoxylated amines for the stabilization of liquid or solid compounds against aging processes |
US20070094921A1 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2007-05-03 | William Colucci | Methods to improve the low temperature compatibility of amide friction modifiers in fuels and amide friction modifiers |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2160100C2 (en) * | 1971-12-03 | 1984-08-02 | Hermann Bantleon Gmbh, 7900 Ulm | Corrosion inhibitor in aqueous metalworking lubricants |
FR2576032B1 (en) * | 1985-01-17 | 1987-02-06 | Elf France | HOMOGENEOUS AND STABLE COMPOSITION OF ASPHALTENIC LIQUID HYDROCARBONS AND AT LEAST ONE ADDITIVE USABLE IN PARTICULAR AS FUEL INDUSTRIAL |
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US1990365A (en) * | 1932-03-21 | 1935-02-05 | Standard Oil Co | Top cylinder lubricant |
US2382818A (en) * | 1942-12-21 | 1945-08-14 | Standard Oil Co | Corrosion prevention |
US2433243A (en) * | 1946-05-21 | 1947-12-23 | Gulf Oil Corp | Diesel fuel oils |
US2587546A (en) * | 1948-10-30 | 1952-02-26 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Rust inhibiting composition |
US2614980A (en) * | 1950-04-03 | 1952-10-21 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Process for inhibiting corrosion in oil wells |
US2736658A (en) * | 1952-07-23 | 1956-02-28 | Armour & Co | Method of protecting metal surfaces from corrosion and corrosion inhibitor compositions |
US2798045A (en) * | 1954-09-27 | 1957-07-02 | Shell Dev | Lubricating compositions |
US2939842A (en) * | 1957-12-30 | 1960-06-07 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Corrosion inhibitor |
-
1966
- 1966-04-05 DE DE19661521777 patent/DE1521777A1/en active Pending
-
1967
- 1967-03-08 NL NL6703634A patent/NL6703634A/xx unknown
- 1967-03-14 US US622922A patent/US3429673A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1967-03-31 BE BE696437D patent/BE696437A/xx unknown
- 1967-04-03 FR FR101229A patent/FR1517433A/en not_active Expired
- 1967-04-04 GB GB15254/67A patent/GB1140019A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US1990365A (en) * | 1932-03-21 | 1935-02-05 | Standard Oil Co | Top cylinder lubricant |
US2382818A (en) * | 1942-12-21 | 1945-08-14 | Standard Oil Co | Corrosion prevention |
US2433243A (en) * | 1946-05-21 | 1947-12-23 | Gulf Oil Corp | Diesel fuel oils |
US2587546A (en) * | 1948-10-30 | 1952-02-26 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Rust inhibiting composition |
US2614980A (en) * | 1950-04-03 | 1952-10-21 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Process for inhibiting corrosion in oil wells |
US2736658A (en) * | 1952-07-23 | 1956-02-28 | Armour & Co | Method of protecting metal surfaces from corrosion and corrosion inhibitor compositions |
US2798045A (en) * | 1954-09-27 | 1957-07-02 | Shell Dev | Lubricating compositions |
US2939842A (en) * | 1957-12-30 | 1960-06-07 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Corrosion inhibitor |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3893825A (en) * | 1970-12-30 | 1975-07-08 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Inhibition of corrosion |
US3894849A (en) * | 1973-11-29 | 1975-07-15 | Du Pont | Gasoline |
US3873278A (en) * | 1973-11-29 | 1975-03-25 | Du Pont | Gasoline |
US4781730A (en) * | 1987-06-05 | 1988-11-01 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Fuel additive comprising a hydrocarbon soluble alkali or alkaline earth metal compound and a demulsifier |
DE19816526B4 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 2006-12-21 | Basf Ag | Use of alkoxylated amines for the stabilization of liquid or solid compounds against aging processes |
WO2001038463A1 (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2001-05-31 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Use of fatty acid salts of alkoxylated oligoamines as lubricity improvers for petroleum products |
JP2003514979A (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2003-04-22 | ビーエーエスエフ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | Use of fatty acid salts of alkoxylated oligoamines as lubricity improvers for petroleum products |
JP4713804B2 (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2011-06-29 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | Use of alkoxylated oligoamine fatty acid salts as lubricity improvers for petroleum products |
US20040010966A1 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2004-01-22 | Aradi Allen A. | Additives for fuel compositions to reduce formation of combustion chamber deposits |
US20070094921A1 (en) * | 2002-04-24 | 2007-05-03 | William Colucci | Methods to improve the low temperature compatibility of amide friction modifiers in fuels and amide friction modifiers |
US7402185B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2008-07-22 | Afton Chemical Intangibles, Llc | Additives for fuel compositions to reduce formation of combustion chamber deposits |
US7846224B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2010-12-07 | Afton Chemical Intangibles, Llc | Methods to improve the low temperature compatibility of amide friction modifiers in fuels and amide friction modifiers |
EP1462506A1 (en) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-09-29 | Ethyl Corporation | Additives for fuel compositions to reduce formation of combustion chamber deposits |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BE696437A (en) | 1967-10-02 |
GB1140019A (en) | 1969-01-15 |
FR1517433A (en) | 1968-03-15 |
NL6703634A (en) | 1967-10-06 |
DE1521777A1 (en) | 1969-09-18 |
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