US3659387A

US3659387A - Building structure with elevators

Info

Publication number: US3659387A
Application number: US26031A
Authority: US
Inventors: Clyde C Pearson Jr
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1970-04-06
Filing date: 1970-04-06
Publication date: 1972-05-02
Anticipated expiration: 1989-05-02

Abstract

A building structure is described in which the core walls are used as principally horizontal load bearing structures, said walls being capable of receiving and transferring to the ground substantially horizontal forces from any direction. The service elements on each level are placed so that they are directly above the service elements on preceding levels. Banks of elevators serving the various levels are placed outside the core walls with the front or entry portions thereof facing the outer walls of the building. The elevator banks are in front to rear relationship rather than facing each other.

Description

United States Patent [151 3,659,387 Pearson, Jr. [451 May 2, 1972 54] BUILDING STRUCTURE WITH 3,260,028 7/1966 Fraser ..52/236 x ELEVATORS 3,302,340 2/1967 Chertkof. 3,396,502 8/1968 Contevita ..52/236 [72] Inventor: Clyde C. Pearson, Jr., 503 Collier Rd.,

Atlanta 30318 Primary Examiner-John E. Murtagh [22] Fil d; A 6, 1970 Attorney-Cushman, Darby & Cushman 21 Appl. No.:. 26,031 [57] ABSTRACT U 8 Cl A building structure is described in which the core walls are "52/30! 52/236 used as principally horizontal load bearing structures,v said [5 l Ill. Cl; walls being p bl f i i g d t f rring to the ground Fleld Of Search R Substantially h i l forces f om any directigr The Service [56] References Cited elements on each level are placed so that they are directly above the service elements on preceding levels. Banks of UNITED STATES PATENTS elevators serving the various levels are placed outside the core walls with the front or entry portions thereof facing the outer 1,724,586 8/ 1929 mm? walls of the building. The elevator banks are in front to rear 1 932729 l2/1933 stark relationship rather than facing each other. 1,967,832 7/1934 Lindquist.. 1,988,075 1/1935 Fiorini 3 Claims, 29 Drawing Figures PATENTEDHAY 21972 SHEET 2 OF 8 Z0/ E 3 500K? 204/5 fl F0455 FIG.4

Zd/VEF 20085 Zd/VE C Edd/E5 Y W FIG.7

w m w M K m m F; M w

PATENTEDHAY 21972 W m 8 3,659,387

1 N & CQQEQE m J M if m 3:55 m M m M w w n W W we. 7 m w Mn 4 a 3 r N E 55:5; mm W WW E M .w M T EL y W m W J M y 5 V FIG. l2

BUILDING STRUCTURE WITH ELEVATORS This invention relates to a structural arrangement for buildings and an elevator arrangement to be used in conjunction with said structural arrangement in multistory configurations of said structural arrangement.

Since the emergence of the high-rise ofi'ice building over 80 years ago, while many developments have taken place which have provided improved electrical, mechanical and elevated systems and improved materials and methods of construction, little improvement has taken place in the basic relationship of the foregoing elements and the relationship of the foregoing elementsto the basic building structure with the result that the basic structural arrangement of such buildings has changed little over the years. With rapidly increasing construction and maintenance costs, however, it has become imperative that the time-wom basic concepts of building structural arrangements, especially with respect to multi-story buildings, be reexamined with an eye to providing a higher ratio of rentable square footage to gross square footage in order for the construction of such buildings for leasing purposes to be a profitable venture.

In the area of multi-story buildings, the original high-rise building designs, which were made possible by the then recently developed steel frame structural systems, were characterized by floors of uniform plan and elevation supported on a base of larger scale and capped by a distinctive attic story. This basic design changed little as the pyramidal form customary for larger buildings became widely used; this latter structural design being necessitated by set-back requirements in zoning laws and because the need for light and air limited the distance between the exterior wall and the elevator core which decreased in size on the upper floors as the number ofelevator banks decreased.

The pyramidal shape was no longer used in new construction begun in the 1940s when adequate air-conditioning and artificial lighting systems were developed, and this resulted in the slab building which took advantage of structural standardization and provided larger working areas on the upper floors. In spite of the changes set forth above, however, the basic structural arrangement of such buildings has remained the same. That is, the support and load-bearing structures used have undergone very little change with the result that rentable floor space has increased very little. There have been attempts to enhance the rental efficiency of such buildings, but these attempts have in fact often resulted in a loss of or a wasting of space and/or flexibility with an increase in the cost or complexity of the building. For example, unused elevator landings on upper levels have been utilized for service elements, i.e., toilets, janitor closets, storage rooms, mechanical and electrical closets and shafts, stairs and the like. By relocating such facilities at the various elevator bank terminations, proceeding upwardly, the lateral transitions from floor to floor involve a loss of space and flexibility while significantly increasing the complexity and cost of the building. In buildings having multi-bank elevator systems much space is wasted in unused elevator landings on the lower and middle floors; after the service element requirements are met, many of these spaces remain vacant. While the latter may be rented as storage space, they cannot justify the high rentals asked for the typical floor space because of their interior location, awkward size and sometimes noisy condition arising out of the fact that they are boxed in on at least two sides by elevator banks serving upper floors.

In the typical multi-story buildings presently being constructed, elevator landings are used which are too narrow or cramped on the main or entrance level of the building while the elevator landings on the floors above are too spacious for the needs of each particular floor. This situation has arisen out of the fact that the entrance level and the floors above have radically difierent traffic requirements, and a compromise usually takes place to accommodate each. The inefficiency of use of floor space is obvious. Furthermore, the typical elevator landing on the floors above the main level serves no useful purpose other than being a waiting area or access corridor to another corridor directly serving offices or the like on that floor. Because the elevator landing is generally defined on both sides by elevator banks, the space therein cannot be utilized as a direct access corridor for offices located in close proximity to the elevator doors.

A building's supporting structure must in order to meet present day demands be designed to resist the horizontal forces emanating from all directions, i.e., those loads caused by Wind, earthquake, water, soil, asymmetrical gravity loads or the like or any combination thereof, but it is desirable that the interior space be as column-free and unobstructed as poss ible. The latter two objectives are often conflicting. The conventional rigid frame structural system wherein certain of the joints formed at beam-column intersections are made rigid will adequately resist the usual horizontal loads, but such a structural configuration will not necessarily result in a relatively column-free floor space. Further, the rigid frame structure requires heavier steel beams and columns, requires more complex connections and is generally more expensive. Another approach used for horizontal load transfer structures is the utilization of diagonal bracing or shear walls. The latter may be reinforced concrete or a combination of steel members fabricated in such a way as to form a truss which transfers horizontal loads to the ground. Obviously, then either the exterior walls or the core walls of the building must be used for this latter type of construction. In present building designs, however, it is not possible to use core walls as effectively as they should be used because only the rear walls of the elevator shafts are of sufircient height, and these walls are not available for each direction from which horizontal loads might be expected to come. In certain of the directions there will be no continuous walls extending from the ground to the top of the building to transfer the loads from those certain directions because large penetrations are made at the junction of the elevator lobbys and corridors at various vertical locations along these walls, In a recently constructed building the exterior walls have been used; but the aesthetics of such a building have been seriously questioned, and the entrance of natural light into a building of this design is somewhat impaired. Therefore, it would be desirable to provide a structural arrangement including an elevator arrangement which would permit the maximum use of the core walls for structural support by allowing such walls to extend continuously from the ground to the top of the building and which are arranged to withstand horizontal loads from all directions.

It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an efficient building structure in which the core walls alone can provide the resistance to all horizontal loads brought to bear on the building. This does not preclude the use of the outside walls or other frames to help resist the horizontal loads.

A further object of this invention is to provide a building structure in which the service elements on each succeeding level are located directly above the service elements on preceding levels eliminating costly and complex lateral transitions from level to level while permitting the use of the core walls as horizontal load bearing structures.

An additional object of this invention is to provide a building structure which will maximize the usable and rentable floor space by minimizing the space needed for elevator landings.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a building structure which will meet all of the foregoing objects with a minimum of cost and complexity.

The aforementioned and other objects are obtained in a building structure constructed according to the principles of this invention in which core walls, located within the outer walls of the building, are provided which are properly braced to act as horizontal load bearing structures. Furthermore, these core walls are arranged so that the horizontal loads from any direction may be transferred to the ground. On each level all service elements are placed so that they are directly above like service elements on a preceding level thereby eliminating all expensive and difiicult transitions of these elements at various termination levels of elevator banks throughout the build-.

ing. All such service elements are placed within a space defined by the core wall or walls. Banks of elevators sewing various floors are located outside the core walls with the front or entry portions of the elevators facing the outer walls of the building. The elevator platforms are related front to rear rather than the conventional relationship of two banks of elevators facing inward to an elevator landing. Therefore, opposite the elevator doors of the elevator bank serving a particular floor only a minimum of space need to be used for an elevator landing, and a wall may be placed directly opposite the elevator doors defining the landing, which wall might well be the wall of an office or the like. That is, this wall may be penetrated with doors to gain access to tenant spaces, or it may not be used at all in the case where an entire level or a portion thereof is occupied by a single tenant. In the latter situation it can readily be seen that virtually the entire floor outside the core wall or walls is usable space. At the main entrance level of the building, access to any elevator bank may be had by going to one of the different vertical levels which is the lower termination of the particular elevator bank communicating with the desired level.

The invention may be best understood by reference to the description of a preferred embodiment given hereinbelow in conjunction with the drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a plan view of the lower entrance level of the preferred embodiment of the building constructed according to the principles of this invention;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of only the core wall structure and elevator arrangement on the main entrance level of the preferred embodiment building;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of only the core wall structure and the elevator arrangement on the upper entrance level of the preferred embodiment building;

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the core wall construction, the service element arrangement and the elevator arrangement on the floors or levels in zone A in the preferred embodiment building;

FIG. 5 is a plan view like FIG. 4 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone B;

FIG. 6 is'a plan view like FIG. 4 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone C; 7

FIG. 7 is a plan view like FIG. 4 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone D;

FIG. 8 is a plan view like FIG. 4 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone E;

FIG. 9 is a plan view like FIG. 4 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone F FIG. 10 is a plan view showing only the core wall construction, the service element arrangement and the elevator arran gement in the lower level of a first sky lobby above zone F in the preferred embodiment building;

FIG. 11 is a plan view like FIG 10 of the arrangement on the main level of the first sky lobby;

FIG. 12 is a plan view like FIG. 10 showing the arrangement on the upper level of the first sky lobby;

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing only the core wall construction, the service element arrangement and the elevator arrangement of the floors constituting zone G in the preferred embodiment building;

FIG. 14 is a plan view like FIG. 13 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone H;

FIG. 15 is a plan view like FIG. 13 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone I;

FIG. 16 is a plan view like FIG. 13 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone J;

FIG. 17 is a plan view like FIG. 13 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone K; I

FIG. 18 is a plan view like FIG. 13 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone L;

FIG. 19 is a plan view of only the core wall construction and elevator arrangement of a lower level of a second sky lobby in the preferred embodiment building;

FIG. 20 is a plan view like FIG. 19 showing the main level of the second sky lobby;

FIG. 21 is a plan view like FIG. 19 showing the arrangement in an upper level of the second sky lobby;

FIG. 22 is a plan view showing only the core wall construction, the service element arrangement and the elevator arrangement on the floors constituting zone M in the preferred embodiment building;

FIG. 23 is a plan view like FIG. 22 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone N;

FIG. 24 is a plan view like FIG. 22 on the floors constituting zone 0;

FIG. 25 is a plan view like FIG. 22 on the floors constituting zone P;

FIG. 26 is a plan view like FIG. 22 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone Q;

FIG. 27 is a plan view like FIG. 22 showing the arrangement on the floors constituting zone R;

FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 28-28 in FIG. 1; and

FIG. 29 is a crosssectional view taken along the line 29-29 in FIG. 1.

In the preferred embodiment of the building structure according to the principles of this invention shown in FIGS. 1 through 29 the multi-level building shown therein is of atype in which vertically adjacent floors or levels are grouped into zones, each zone being served by a particular bank of elevators. The zone arrangement in the preferred embodiment is such that each zone is indicated by a letter of the alphabet, and the zones are in alphabetical order proceeding upwardly. A predetermined number of the aforementioned zones are formed into groups of zoneswith an access level, commonly known as a sky lobby interposed between vertically adjacent ones of said groups of zones above the group adjacent the entrance level. An elevator bank is supplied on the entrance level for serving each of the access levels or sky lobbys. Further, each access level willhave a bank of elevators for each zone in the group of zones thereabove served by the particular access level. Each said bank of elevators for each zone will serve all of the floors or levels in that zone only. Each of the zones below the first sky lobby are served by a particular bank of elevators having a lower termination at the entrance area of the building.

The entrance area to the preferred embodiment building structure is comprised of three levels; the lower entrance level is shown in FIG. 1, the main or ground entrance level is shown in FIG. 2 and the upper entrance level is shown in FIG. 3. In FIG. 1 which shows the lower entrance level the entire outline of the building structure is shown. That is, this is the only figure in which the outer walls 30 and the columnar vertical supports 32 are shown. These elements should be considered as implicit in the remaining figures. Within the outer walls 30 and centrally disposed therein are four core walls 34 which are formed into oppositely facing pairs, roughly forming an H, parallel to the building walls 30. Core walls 34 are so arranged that they form an enclosed hollow space 36 which, because the core walls extend through the height of the building, extends vertically through the entire height of the building, as well. Within the core walls 34 and in space 36 stairways 38 may be placed which as well may extend upwardly through the entire height of the building. Four elevator banks, 300, 400, E and F are provided on the lower entrance level. Each elevator bank has its rear wall adjacent one of the core walls 34, and its front walls, through which entrance to the elevators may be made, are facing outwardly of the core walls toward the outer walls 30. As best shown in FIG. 28,

elevator banks

300 and 400 proceed directly to the uppermost sky lobby, sky lobby No 2, and as best shown in FIG. 29, elevator banks E and F serve the floors constituting zones E and F, respectively, which are below sky lobby No. l.

The main entrance level is shown in FIG. 2, and this level has the same basic construction as did the lower entrance level shown in FIG. 1. Two more elevator banks are added at the showing the arrangement showing the arrangement main entrance level, these being elevator banks C and D. These latter two elevator banks are placed directly in front of elevator banks E and F so that access may be had only to elevator banks C and D on this particular level. Elevator banks C and D serve each of the floors constituting zones C and D, respectively. The shafts for

elevator banks

100 and 200 are shown in this figure, but access may not be had to these elevators at this particular level. Further, because the shafts for

elevator banks

100 and 200 are present on this level, access may not be had as well to

elevator banks

300 and 400.

In FIG. 3 the upper entrance level is shown, and again, the construction on this level is like that of the lower entrance level shown in FIG. 1. On this

level elevator banks

100, 200, A and B are added.

Elevator banks

100 and 200 serve directly sky lobby No. l, as best shown in FIG. 29. Elevator banks A and B serve the floors constituting zones A and B, respectively, which are alphabetically directly above the upper entrance level.

When one in entering the building, he may proceed to the desired entrance level by using one of the escalators 40 shown in FIGS. 1 through 3. The choice of entrance level will depend upon the desired destination. If the entering party desires to proceed to one of the floor in zones A through F, which are served directly by elevator banks accessible at the entrance area, he must proceed to that entrance level at which access to the desired elevator bank may be had. If the entering party desires to proceed to one of the zones served by either sky lobby No. 1' or sky lobby No. 2, he must use either

elevator banks

100 or 200 or

elevator banks

300 and 400. Upon reaching the desired sky lobby, a transfer must be made to the elevator serving the floors in the desired zone. This latter point will be discussed more fully hereinbelow.

In FIGS. 4 through 9 are shown in plan view the core construction of the building structure in zones A through F, respectively. With reference to FIG. 4 it will be noted that only elevator bank A opens on the zone A floors. The remaining elevator banks are either closed by a wall or blocked by another elevator bank placed outwardly thereof. Thus, elevator bank A serves only each of the floors which constitute zone A. Proceeding upwardly, the plan vview of the core construction of the zone B floors is shown in FIG. 5. It will be noted in this figure that the elevator bank A is missing thereby increasing the usable floor space on the floors of this zone. It is to be noted as well that only elevator bank B opens on the floors of zone B, and it will be remembered that access to elevator bank B was had at the entrance area. The arrangement in FIGS. 6 through 9 is essentially the same as was discussed with reference to FIGS. 4 through 5 with the number of elevator banks gradually decreasing as one proceeds upwardly and only one elevator bank opening on the floors of a particular zone.

The construction of core walls 34, which extend continuously through the entire height of the building, may be of any desired type designed and constructed to resist all of or part of any horizontal or lateral forces brought to bear on the building structure. These forces can be applied externally and/or internally to the structure. Such horizontal or lateral loads may be due to, but are not limited to, wind, earthquake, water, soil erosion, asymmetrical gravity loads, or any combination thereof. Furthermore, if desired, the walls can be made to receive vertical loads from any floor or floors or from the roof. The methods and materials for the construction of walls which will resist and transfer to the ground the horizontal loads mentioned above are well known to those skilled in the art and form no part of this invention. For example, such walls may be a structural frame, rigid or otherwise and may be encased in any building material, or may be a solid structural wall encased or not encased in any building material. In addition, it is contemplated that any material yielding the desired result may be used within the scope of this invention.

The core walls 34 in the preferred embodiment are placed to form oppositely facing pairs at 90 intervals forming therein an essentially square hollow space 36 on each floor. Of course,

because the core walls 34 extend throughout the entire height of the building, the space 36 on each succeeding floor will be directly or vertically above the space 36 on a preceding floor. By means of this arrangement, all of the service elements 42 and stairwells 38 may be placed in space 36 formed by the core walls 34. In view of the relationship of the spaces 36 on each floor, these service elements and stairways may be placed one above the other on each floor thereby eliminating all expensive and difiicult transitions of these elements at various termination floors of elevator banks throughout the buildmg.

As can be seen in FIGS. 4 through 9, as well as the figures hereafter, banks of elevators serving various floors are located outside the core walls 34. The elevator platforms are related front to rear rather than the conventional relationship of two banks of elevators facing inward to an elevator landing. In FIG. 4 elevator bank A, which serves the floors of zone A, is there terminated, and as mentioned above, thereby increases the rentable square footage of the building on the floors thereabove. The same is true of elevator bank B serving the floors of zone B, and the same sequence is repeated at each elevator bank termination of the building thereby increasing the rentable square footage proportionately at each elevator bank termination. Opposite and substantially parallel to the elevator doors of the elevator bank serving each typical floor there may be placed a wall (not shown) defining the elevator landing for that particular floor. This wall need not be a structural wall and can be located any desired distance from the elevator door serving that particular floor in order to create an elevator landing of the width desired. The walls enclosing the elevator banks not serving that particular floor can be used as the walls of usable and rentable floor space. The wall (not shown) forming the elevator landing may be penetrated with doors to gain access to tenant spaces for multiple tenant occupancy or completely eliminated for single tenant occupancy.

FIGS. 10 through 12 illustrate the structural arrangement of sky lobby No. 1. Each of the levels of sky lobby No. l are interconnected by escalators 46 so that upon arriving at the main level of sky lobby No. l in the elevators of banks and 200, one may proceed to the elevator bank serving the desired floor. Otherwise, the core construction and outer wall construction of the sky lobby will be the same as with the entrance levels discussed hereinabove. As shown in FIG. 10, access may be had to elevator banks K and L serving the floors of Zones K and L, respectively on the lower level of sky lobby No. 1, access may be had to the elevator banks I and .l at the main level of the sky lobby as shown in FIG. 11 and access may be had to elevator banks G and H on the upper level of sky lobby No. l, as shown in FIG. 12. As mentioned hereinabove,

elevator banks

100 and 200 terminate at the main level of sky lobby No. l. The

elevator banks

300 and 400, shown in FIGS. 10 through 12 proceed directly through sky lobby No. l and the zones served thereby to sky lobby No. 2, as shown in FIGS. 19 through 21.

FIGS. 13 through 18 illustrate the core construction of the zones G through L floors or levels, respectively. The structural arrangement on each of these floors will be similar to that discussed with reference to FIGS. 4 through 9. It is to be noted that again, as each elevator bank terminates, proceeding upwardly, the usable and rentable floor space increases as well.

In FIGS. 19 through 21 is shown the core structural arrangement of the sky lobby No. 2. This sky lobby is constructed in the same way as was sky lobby No. l with the core walls and elevator banks being arranged in substantially the same manner. Access may be had to sky lobby No. 2 from the lower entrance level by means of the elevators of

banks

300 and 400 which proceed directly to this sky lobby from the entrance level. Upon arriving at the main level of sky lobby No. 2, as shown in FIG. 20, one may proceed, by means of escalators 48, to one of the other sky lobby levels shown in FIGS. 19 and 21, if desired. As shown in FIGS. 19, access may be had to elevator banks Q and R at the lower level of sky lobby No. 2, and these elevators serve the floors constituting zones Q and R, respectively, as was the case with the elevator arrangements discussed hereinabove. Elevator banks and P open onto the main level of the sky lobby No. 2, as shown in FIG. 20, an elevator banks M and N open onto the upper level of sky lobby No. 2, as shown in FIG. 21.

FIGS. 22 through 27 illustrate, respectively, the core construction floor plans of the zone M through zone R floors.

With respect to the core wall construction and arrangement, as well as the arrangement of the service elements, the construction on these levels is the same as that on the levels discussed hereinabove. It will be noted, however, that because of the absence of elevator banks 100 through 400 on these levels, the usable floor space on these levels is significantly increased. Furthermore, with the termination of elevator banks M through R, proceeding upwardly, at the ends of each of the latter zones there will be a further increase in usable floor space.

FIGS. 28 and 29 are longitudinal cross sections taken along the lines 28-28 and 29-29, respectively, in FIG. 1. These figures clearly show the vertical relationship of the sky lobbys to the entrance levels, and the vertical relationship of the various zones to the sky lobbys and entrance levels in this preferred embodiment building. The horizontal lines, a few of which are indicated by the numeral 50, indicate the division between zones rather than a division between floors or levels. Thus, the vertical space between two adjacent horizontal lines 50 may include any desired number of floors. Further, while each zone will usually have an equal number of floors, this need not be the case.

In FIG. 28 it can be seen, for example, that if one wishes to proceed to sky lobby No. 2, it will be necessary to proceed to the lower entrance level of the building and enter one of the elevators in either elevator bank 300 or elevator bank 400. These elevators then proceed directly to the main level of sky .lobby No. 2. If one wishes to proceed to sky lobby No. I, it will be necessary to go to the upper entrance level of the building and use one of the elevators of either elevator bank 100 or elevator bank 200 to go to the main level of sky lobby No. 1.

Referring to FIG. 29, if one wishes to proceed to one of the floors in zones A through F, it will be necessary to proceed to one of the three levels of the entrance area of the building and choose the proper elevator bank for the level chosen.

If, for example, one wishes to be taken to one of the floors of zone H it will be necessary to use

elevator banks

100 or 200 for transport to the main level of sky lobby No. 1. At that point, one must proceed to the upper level of sky lobby No. 1 and board one of the elevators of bank H to be taken to any one of the floors in zone H. With this description it is believed that the relationship of the various levels, as shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, will be understood.

The description of the preferred embodiment structure given hereinabove is intended to be only exemplary, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the structural arrangement disclosed herein may be modified within the scope of the appended claims. Certainly this invention is not limited to office buildings but can also be used in apartment buildings or any other high rise building. In particular the preferred embodiment described herein is a large multi-story building, but

the advantages of this invention, particularly with respect to the core wall construcn'on and arrangement, may be realized in buildings having only a few stories in a general range such as eight stories or more. Particularly in building having fewer levels, the staggered elevator arrangement need not be used while still obtaining the important advantages of this invention. The preferred embodiment disclosed herein has a core wall arrangement which is generally in the form of the letter H, but it is contemplated that other arrangements may be used to obtain the objects discussed hereinabove, e.g., the walls may be arranged to generally form the letter I or a single circular wall may be used.

What is claimed is:

1. A building structure comprising a plurality of levels, an

outer enclosure means enclosing said structure and an inner core wall constructlon including bracing, centrally disposed interiorly of said outer enclosure means and extending continuously through the entire height of said building structure for receiving horizontal forces from any direction acting on said building structure and for transferring same to the ground and service elements located within said inner core, said service elements on each succeeding level being located directly above said service elements on the preceding level and said structure further comprising at least two banks of elevators each bank being arranged adjacent and parallel to the outside of a separate wall of said inner core and the elevators within each bank having entry means disposed on the side thereof opposite said inner core.

2. The building structure defined in claim 1 wherein a predetermined number of vertically adjacent ones of said levels form a zone, said building structure being comprised of a plurality of said zones and at least one entrance level and having at least one elevator for each of said zones, each said elevator communicating with said entrance level and said levels in a predetermined one of said zones.

3. The building structure defined in claim 2 wherein a predetermined number of vertically adjacent ones of said zones form a group of zones, said building structure being comprised of a plurality of said groups,

said building structure having in addition a plurality of access levels interposed between vertically adjacent groups of zones above the group of zones vertically adjacent said entrance level, at least one access elevator for each said access level, each said access elevator communicating with said entrance level and a predetermined one of said access levels,

each said access level having at least one elevator for each zone thereabove but below the next vertically adjacent access level, each said elevator communicating with said access level and the levels comprising a predetermined one of said zones thereabove and said entrance level having at least one elevator for each of the zones in the one of said groups between said entrance level and the first of said access levels thereabove, each said elevator communicating with said entrance level and the levels in a predetermined one of said zones in said group.

Claims

1. A building structure comprising a plurality of levels, an outer enclosure means enclosing said structure and an inner core wall construction including bracing, centrally disposed interiorly of said outer enclosure means and extending continuously through the entire height of said building structure for receiving horizontal forces from any direction acting on said building structure and for transferring same to the ground and service elements located within said inner core, said service elements on each succeeding level being located directly above said service elements on the preceding level and said structure further comprising at least two banks of elevators each bank being arranged adjacent and parallel to the outside of a Separate wall of said inner core and the elevators within each bank having entry means disposed on the side thereof opposite said inner core.

3. The building structure defined in claim 2 wherein a predetermined number of vertically adjacent ones of said zones form a group of zones, said building structure being comprised of a plurality of said groups, said building structure having in addition a plurality of access levels interposed between vertically adjacent groups of zones above the group of zones vertically adjacent said entrance level, at least one access elevator for each said access level, each said access elevator communicating with said entrance level and a predetermined one of said access levels, each said access level having at least one elevator for each zone thereabove but below the next vertically adjacent access level, each said elevator communicating with said access level and the levels comprising a predetermined one of said zones thereabove and said entrance level having at least one elevator for each of the zones in the one of said groups between said entrance level and the first of said access levels thereabove, each said elevator communicating with said entrance level and the levels in a predetermined one of said zones in said group.