US3659234A - Broadband flexible wave guides - Google Patents

Broadband flexible wave guides Download PDF

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US3659234A
US3659234A US856272A US3659234DA US3659234A US 3659234 A US3659234 A US 3659234A US 856272 A US856272 A US 856272A US 3659234D A US3659234D A US 3659234DA US 3659234 A US3659234 A US 3659234A
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tube
wave guide
cross
wall
width
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US856272A
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Erich Schuttloffel
Gerhard Schickle
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Telefunken Patentverwertungs GmbH
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Telefunken Patentverwertungs GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
    • H01P3/12—Hollow waveguides
    • H01P3/14—Hollow waveguides flexible
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S138/00—Pipes and tubular conduits
    • Y10S138/11—Shape

Definitions

  • the body 1923-163 4/1912 Money "mus/172 cross section includes an indentation extending along the lon- 1,839,919 1/1932 Hall ..l38/l77 X gitudiha] a f the wave guide
  • the indentation is so Shaped 1,859,259 5/1932 Chamberlam et a1 ..l38/l77 X and the ratio of the width of the wave guide at the indented 1,928,009 9/1933 Dormer ..138/177 point to the width f the narrowest side i so small that inter- 2,406,838 9/1946 Kepler ..72/368 f i wave types do no occuh 3,239,002 3/1966 Young .138/172 X 3,299,374 1/1967 Schickle et a1 ..333/95
  • This invention relates to wave guides, and more particularly to a wave guide which is provided with at least one indentation for preventing the formation of interfering waves.
  • Some rectangular wave guides are formed with one or two metal strips extending along the longitudinal axis of the wave guide. These are called ridged wave guides and generally conduct a wider band width. It is difficult to manufacture these in desired lengths, or to make them flexible.
  • a wave guide which may be used for the transmission of a relatively wide band width without producing an interfering second wave type (un wanted mode).
  • a wave guide having a ratio of narrow side to broad side width of less than 0.5, and having an indentation formed so as to extend longitudinally along the wave guide body.
  • the ratio of the width of the wave guide cross section at the indentation to the wave guide narrow side is made sufficiently small, and the indentation is appropriately shaped so that the occurrence of an interfering second wave type is prevented.
  • the wave guide may have two symmetrical indentations, may have planar wall portions in the area of the indentation, and may have a dielectric strip mounted within it between the indentations.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view through a wave guide formed according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectionalview, similar to FIG. 1, of another embodiment ofthe present-invention.
  • FIG. 1 there is disclosed a wave guide according to the present invention. It includes a generally rectangular hollow body 7 having rounded corners. It has a wide side A and a narrow side B. Two symmetrical indentations 5 and 6 are formed which are extended toward each other and are integral with the broad or wide sides of the wall 2 of the rectangular body 7.
  • the body has a cross sectional profile which is constant along the longitudinal axis of the body.
  • the inner cross section of the body as defined by the inner periphery 1 of wall 2, has a width a along its broad side, a width b at the widest part of its narrow side, and a width d between the indentations 5 and 6. Width d extends in the same general direction as the width b of the narrow side, but is less in dimension than the width b of the narrow side.
  • the lines along which the greatest width b occurs are separated from each other by a distance 6.
  • a dielectric strip 3 is mounted within the hollow body between the indentations 5 and 6.
  • the hollow body can be wound on a drum or twisted. When this is done, the dielectric 3 mounted within the hollow body between the two indentations prevents contact between the opposite wave guide walls and limits the amount of deformation occurring in the area of a bend.
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment of the invention is schematically represented in FIG. 2. Corresponding parts of the structure of FIG. 2 have reference numerals corresponding to the similar parts of FIG. 1.
  • the portions 4 of the wave guide wall in the region of the center of the indentations are parallel to each other.
  • the wall 2 of the hollow body is made with portions of greatest wall thickness e along the opposite narrow sides, rather than in the region of the indentations as in the FIG. 1 embodiment. This prevents displacement of the cross section and buckling when the wave guide is bent around a broad side a.
  • the inner and outer peripheries of the cross-sectional profile of the wave guide wall 2 are continuous smooth curves without abrupt changes in direction.
  • the wave guide of either embodiment is constructed as a seamless metal tube which is drawn to any desired length in a suitable machine.
  • the wall thicknesses of the wave guides are selected so that a prescribed radius of curvature can be maintained when it is bent about a given radius of curvature or twisted through a given radius of curvature.
  • the ratio of d/b is maintained at such a level and the indentations are'of an appropriate shape so that no interfering wave types arise.
  • the arrangement according to the present invention permits an extremely wide band width to be transmitted and prevents undesired occurrences of interfering wave types.
  • One particularly advantageous use for these wave guides is the transmission of linearly polarized I-I (TE) waves over antenna feeder lines which lead to a listener-receiver, i.e. a receiver which intended to receive as wide a frequency band as possible from the antenna. With this type of device the attenuation of the wave guide is of lesser significance.
  • Example I a 43.2 mm. b I 21.2 mm. d 20.9 mm. d/a 0.48 d/b 0.99 b/a 0.49 Band Width Transmitted Without Interfering Side Waves even in bendings and twisted sections l0
  • Example 2 a 40.0 mm. b 13 mm. d l0.5 mm. d/a 0.27 d/b 0.8 b/a 0.33 Band Width Transmitted Without Interfering Side Waves even in bendings and twisted sections l0
  • a number of tubes of the type of FIG. 2 were constructed. These were then bent about one of their broad sides and twisted through torsional angles until they buckled. The results are set out below:
  • a twistable flexible wave guide of the type which can be wound on a drum and has a broad transmittable bandwidth comprising:
  • an elongated relatively thin-walled flexible seamless metal 5 tube having a constant noncircular cross-sectional profile along its longitudinal axis with the wall of said tube having a thickness which varies along its cross-sectional profile;
  • the inner cross section of said tube as defined by the inner periphery of the wall of said tube, having a wide side of width a and a narrow side of width b at the widest portion thereof with the ratio b/a being less than 0.5; said wall of said tube being shaped so that said inner cross section has a pair of symmetrical indentations which are opposite one another on the wide side thereof and which extend along the longitudinal axis of the tube, said inner cross section wave guide and buckling thereof is prevented when the wave guide is bent about the wide side thereof.

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  • Waveguides (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

A flexible waveguide has an elongated hollow body having a noncircular cross section in which the ratio of the width of the wide side to the narrow side is less than 0.5. The body cross section includes an indentation extending along the longitudinal axis of the wave guide. The indentation is so shaped and the ratio of the width of the wave guide at the indented point to the width of the narrowest side is so small that interfering wave types do no occur.

Description

United States Patent Schuttloffel etal. 14 1 Apr. 25, 1972 [54] BROADBAND FLEXIBLE WAVE 3,396,350 8/1968 Krank et a1. ..333/95 GUIDES 3,444,487 5/1969 Krank et a1. ..333/95 A [72] Inventors: Erich Schuttloifel; Gerhard Schickle, both FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS Backnang Germany 1,462,731 11/1966 France ..138/118 [73] Assignee: Telefunken Patentverwertungsgesellschaft 425,104 9/1947 Italy m.b.H., Ulm (Danube), Germany 1,025,473 3/1958 Germany .L ..333/95 A 1 Filedr p 1969 OTHER PUBLICATIONS 1 1 PP N04 356,272 Harvey, A. F., Microwave Engineering" Academic Press,
1963, pp. 60-62 [30] Foreign Application Priority Data llgtadehn, Sprr-O-Gu1de, Ad In Mlcrowave Jr. 3- 1968, p. Sept. 21, 1968 Germany ..P 17 90 171.2 Chen, T. S. Calculations of the Parameters of Ridge Waveguides, MTT- 5,No. 1, 1- 1957, pp. 12-17 [52] US. Cl. ..333/95 A, 333/95 R, 138/172, Harvey, A. F., Microwave Engineering," Academic Press,
l38/D1G. 11 1963, pp. 21-27 [51] lnt.Cl. ..H01p3/l4,F16111/14 [58] Field of Search ..72/368, 369; 138/ I I8, 172, Primary Examiner-Herman Karl Saalbach 138/177, DIG. 8, DIG. I I; 333/95, 95 A Assistant Examiner-Wm. H. Punter Attorney-Spencer & Kaye [56] References Cited ABSTRACT UNITED STATES PATENTS I .A flexible waveguide has an elongated hollow body having a 2,479,288 8/1949 Allen ..333/95 A nomcircular cross section in which the ratio f the width f 3105501 9/1965 Kuhn 333/3! X the wide side to the narrow side is less than 0.5. The body 1923-163 4/1912 Money "mus/172 cross section includes an indentation extending along the lon- 1,839,919 1/1932 Hall ..l38/l77 X gitudiha] a f the wave guide The indentation is so Shaped 1,859,259 5/1932 Chamberlam et a1 ..l38/l77 X and the ratio of the width of the wave guide at the indented 1,928,009 9/1933 Dormer ..138/177 point to the width f the narrowest side i so small that inter- 2,406,838 9/1946 Kepler ..72/368 f i wave types do no occuh 3,239,002 3/1966 Young .138/172 X 3,299,374 1/1967 Schickle et a1 ..333/95 A 4 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures O I 1 I. h 3
7) 3 d b B PATENTED R2 I9YZ 3,659,234
a c i zK //l 3 f 5/ /}i l l Inventors. Erich Schiifilffel Gerhard Schickle BY a ATTORNE S.
BROADBAND FLEXIBLE WAVE GUIDES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to wave guides, and more particularly to a wave guide which is provided with at least one indentation for preventing the formation of interfering waves.
Most wave guides with rectangular cross section used in commercial installations are of a standard type which has a ratio of narrow to broad side width of 0.5. This ratio results in generally clear transmission with relatively low attenuation in the transmission range. For special purposes, such as the transmission of very broad frequency bands this standard cross section may be deviated from.
Some rectangular wave guides are formed with one or two metal strips extending along the longitudinal axis of the wave guide. These are called ridged wave guides and generally conduct a wider band width. It is difficult to manufacture these in desired lengths, or to make them flexible.
Among the objects of the present invention is the provision of a wave guide which may be used for the transmission of a relatively wide band width without producing an interfering second wave type (un wanted mode).
Other objects of the present invention include the provision of such a wave guide which can be made to desired lengths, and which can be made flexible.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Briefly stated, these and other objects of the invention are achieved by provision of a wave guide having a ratio of narrow side to broad side width of less than 0.5, and having an indentation formed so as to extend longitudinally along the wave guide body. The ratio of the width of the wave guide cross section at the indentation to the wave guide narrow side is made sufficiently small, and the indentation is appropriately shaped so that the occurrence of an interfering second wave type is prevented.
The wave guide may have two symmetrical indentations, may have planar wall portions in the area of the indentation, and may have a dielectric strip mounted within it between the indentations.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view through a wave guide formed according to one embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectionalview, similar to FIG. 1, of another embodiment ofthe present-invention.
DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring now to FIG. 1, there is disclosed a wave guide according to the present invention. It includes a generally rectangular hollow body 7 having rounded corners. It has a wide side A and a narrow side B. Two symmetrical indentations 5 and 6 are formed which are extended toward each other and are integral with the broad or wide sides of the wall 2 of the rectangular body 7. The body has a cross sectional profile which is constant along the longitudinal axis of the body. The inner cross section of the body, as defined by the inner periphery 1 of wall 2, has a width a along its broad side, a width b at the widest part of its narrow side, and a width d between the indentations 5 and 6. Width d extends in the same general direction as the width b of the narrow side, but is less in dimension than the width b of the narrow side. The lines along which the greatest width b occurs are separated from each other by a distance 6.
A dielectric strip 3 is mounted within the hollow body between the indentations 5 and 6. The hollow body can be wound on a drum or twisted. When this is done, the dielectric 3 mounted within the hollow body between the two indentations prevents contact between the opposite wave guide walls and limits the amount of deformation occurring in the area of a bend.
Another embodiment of the invention is schematically represented in FIG. 2. Corresponding parts of the structure of FIG. 2 have reference numerals corresponding to the similar parts of FIG. 1. The portions 4 of the wave guide wall in the region of the center of the indentations are parallel to each other. In this case the wall 2 of the hollow body is made with portions of greatest wall thickness e along the opposite narrow sides, rather than in the region of the indentations as in the FIG. 1 embodiment. This prevents displacement of the cross section and buckling when the wave guide is bent around a broad side a. As illustrated, the inner and outer peripheries of the cross-sectional profile of the wave guide wall 2 are continuous smooth curves without abrupt changes in direction. The wave guide of either embodiment is constructed as a seamless metal tube which is drawn to any desired length in a suitable machine. The wall thicknesses of the wave guides are selected so that a prescribed radius of curvature can be maintained when it is bent about a given radius of curvature or twisted through a given radius of curvature.
The ratio of d/b is maintained at such a level and the indentations are'of an appropriate shape so that no interfering wave types arise.
The arrangement according to the present invention permits an extremely wide band width to be transmitted and prevents undesired occurrences of interfering wave types. One particularly advantageous use for these wave guides is the transmission of linearly polarized I-I (TE) waves over antenna feeder lines which lead to a listener-receiver, i.e. a receiver which intended to receive as wide a frequency band as possible from the antenna. With this type of device the attenuation of the wave guide is of lesser significance.
In order to determine the wave conducting properties, a number of tubes having the following dimensions were constructed;
TABLE I Example I a 43.2 mm. b I 21.2 mm. d 20.9 mm. d/a 0.48 d/b 0.99 b/a 0.49 Band Width Transmitted Without Interfering Side Waves even in bendings and twisted sections l0 Example 2 a 40.0 mm. b 13 mm. d l0.5 mm. d/a 0.27 d/b 0.8 b/a 0.33 Band Width Transmitted Without Interfering Side Waves even in bendings and twisted sections l0 A number of tubes of the type of FIG. 2 were constructed. These were then bent about one of their broad sides and twisted through torsional angles until they buckled. The results are set out below:
TABLE II A 45.3 mm. a 40 mm. B 21 mm. b 13 mm. c 25 mm. d 10.5 mm. Min. Radius of Curvature mm. Max. Torsional Angle about a guide length of one meter Between the range of table I the attenuation of the wave guide is equal or better than that of standard type guides. If the ratio d/b is choosen to be smaller, the attenuation increases but the transmitted band width also increases. It is theoretically possible to enlarge the indentations 5 and 6 until they nearly reach each other in order to get a band width as great as possible.
having a minimum narrow side width d between said indentations; said indentations being so shaped and the ratio d/b being so small as to provide a means for preventing the formation of interfering waves; and said cross-sectional profile of said wall of said tube having a maximum We claim:
l. A twistable flexible wave guide of the type which can be wound on a drum and has a broad transmittable bandwidth comprising:
an elongated relatively thin-walled flexible seamless metal 5 tube having a constant noncircular cross-sectional profile along its longitudinal axis with the wall of said tube having a thickness which varies along its cross-sectional profile;
thickness along the opposite narrow sides thereof and a minimum thickness in the area of said indentations, whereby displacement of the inner cross section of the the inner and outer peripheries of the cross-sectional profile of said wall of said tube being continuous smooth curves without abrupt changes in direction; the inner cross section of said tube, as defined by the inner periphery of the wall of said tube, having a wide side of width a and a narrow side of width b at the widest portion thereof with the ratio b/a being less than 0.5; said wall of said tube being shaped so that said inner cross section has a pair of symmetrical indentations which are opposite one another on the wide side thereof and which extend along the longitudinal axis of the tube, said inner cross section wave guide and buckling thereof is prevented when the wave guide is bent about the wide side thereof.
2. Thewave guide of claim 1 wherein the portions of the wall of said hollow tube in the area of largest indentation are approximately planar.
3. The wave guide of claim 1 wherein said hollow tube is made of aluminum.
4. The wave guide of claim 1 in which the tube is shaped for transmission of linearly polarized H (TE) waves.

Claims (4)

1. A twistable flexible wave guide of the type which can be wound on a drum and has a broad transmittable bandwidth comprising: an elongated relatively thin-walled flexible seamless metal tube having a constant noncircular cross-sectional profile along its longitudinal axis with the wall of said tube having a thickness which varies along its cross-sectional profile; the inner and outer peripheries of the cross-sectional profile of said wall of said tube being continuous smooth curves without abrupt changes in direction; the inner cross section of said tube, as defined by the inner periphery of the wall of said tube, having a wide side of width a and a narrow side of width b at the widest portion thereof with the ratio b/a being less than 0.5; said wall of said tube being shaped so that said inner cross section has a pair of symmetrical indentations which are opposite one another on the wide side thereof and which extend along the longitudinal axis of the tube, said inner cross section having a minimum narrow side width d between said indentations; said indentations being so shaped and the ratio d/b being so small as to provide a means for preventing the formation of interfering waves; and said cross-sectional profile of said wall of said tube having a maximum thickness along the opposite narrow sides thereof and a minimum thickness in the area of said indentations, whereby displacement of the inner cross section of the wave guide and buckling thereof is prevented when the wave guide is bent about the wide side thereof.
2. The wave guide of claim 1 wherein the portions of the wall of said hollow tube in the area of largest indentation are approximately planar.
3. The wave guide of claim 1 wherein said hollow tube is made of aluminum.
4. The wave guide of claim 1 in which the tube is shaped for transmission of linearly polarized H10 (TE) waves.
US856272A 1968-09-21 1969-09-09 Broadband flexible wave guides Expired - Lifetime US3659234A (en)

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DE1790171A DE1790171C2 (en) 1968-09-21 1968-09-21 Broadband waveguide

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FR (1) FR2018577A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1231930A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3790905A (en) * 1970-12-03 1974-02-05 Licentia Gmbh Waveguide for simultaneously transmitting two electromagnetic waves
US4603942A (en) * 1983-10-11 1986-08-05 General Dynamics, Pomona Division Flexible, dielectric millimeter waveguide
US4978934A (en) * 1989-06-12 1990-12-18 Andrew Corportion Semi-flexible double-ridge waveguide
US5528208A (en) * 1993-05-12 1996-06-18 Nec Corporation Flexible waveguide tube having a dielectric body thereon
US20220190460A1 (en) * 2020-12-11 2022-06-16 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Waveguide with internal, self-supported feature(s)
US11462808B2 (en) * 2020-05-19 2022-10-04 Roos Instruments, Inc. Conformable waveguide having an obround cross section, a tool for manually conforming an obround waveguide and a method for forming the conformable waveguide

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7152716B2 (en) * 2018-10-09 2022-10-13 オリンパス株式会社 Flexible waveguide, image transmission device having flexible waveguide, endoscope and endoscope system having flexible waveguide

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US1839919A (en) * 1927-03-26 1932-01-05 Hall Charles Ward Seamless hollow metallic section and process of making the same
US1859259A (en) * 1929-07-08 1932-05-17 Chamberlain Electrical wiring conduit
US1928009A (en) * 1927-12-27 1933-09-26 Firm Dornier Metallbauten G M Hollow metal beam
US2406838A (en) * 1943-06-28 1946-09-03 Francis M Kepler Method of forming bent tubing
US2479288A (en) * 1944-03-08 1949-08-16 Allen William Douglas Flexible electromagnetic wave guide
DE1025473B (en) * 1954-04-30 1958-03-06 Siemens Ag Flexible metallic waveguide for the transmission of waveguide waves
US3205501A (en) * 1959-10-01 1965-09-07 Gen Electric Closely spaced stocked waveguide antenna array employing reciprocal ridged wageguide phase shifters
US3239002A (en) * 1964-01-06 1966-03-08 Young Radiator Co Tube formation for structuring heatexchanger core-units
FR1462731A (en) * 1965-01-05 1966-12-16 Btr Industries Ltd Flexible or semi-rigid plastic pipe not likely to completely flatten
US3299374A (en) * 1964-04-04 1967-01-17 Telefunken Patent Asymmetrical waveguide
US3396350A (en) * 1964-08-06 1968-08-06 Telefunken Patent Waveguide
US3444487A (en) * 1965-10-01 1969-05-13 Telefunken Patent Waveguide having corrugated exterior and smooth metal coated interior

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US1839919A (en) * 1927-03-26 1932-01-05 Hall Charles Ward Seamless hollow metallic section and process of making the same
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US1859259A (en) * 1929-07-08 1932-05-17 Chamberlain Electrical wiring conduit
US2406838A (en) * 1943-06-28 1946-09-03 Francis M Kepler Method of forming bent tubing
US2479288A (en) * 1944-03-08 1949-08-16 Allen William Douglas Flexible electromagnetic wave guide
DE1025473B (en) * 1954-04-30 1958-03-06 Siemens Ag Flexible metallic waveguide for the transmission of waveguide waves
US3205501A (en) * 1959-10-01 1965-09-07 Gen Electric Closely spaced stocked waveguide antenna array employing reciprocal ridged wageguide phase shifters
US3239002A (en) * 1964-01-06 1966-03-08 Young Radiator Co Tube formation for structuring heatexchanger core-units
US3299374A (en) * 1964-04-04 1967-01-17 Telefunken Patent Asymmetrical waveguide
US3396350A (en) * 1964-08-06 1968-08-06 Telefunken Patent Waveguide
FR1462731A (en) * 1965-01-05 1966-12-16 Btr Industries Ltd Flexible or semi-rigid plastic pipe not likely to completely flatten
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3790905A (en) * 1970-12-03 1974-02-05 Licentia Gmbh Waveguide for simultaneously transmitting two electromagnetic waves
US4603942A (en) * 1983-10-11 1986-08-05 General Dynamics, Pomona Division Flexible, dielectric millimeter waveguide
US4978934A (en) * 1989-06-12 1990-12-18 Andrew Corportion Semi-flexible double-ridge waveguide
AU628973B2 (en) * 1989-06-12 1992-09-24 Andrew Corporation Semi-flexible double-ridge waveguide
US5528208A (en) * 1993-05-12 1996-06-18 Nec Corporation Flexible waveguide tube having a dielectric body thereon
US11462808B2 (en) * 2020-05-19 2022-10-04 Roos Instruments, Inc. Conformable waveguide having an obround cross section, a tool for manually conforming an obround waveguide and a method for forming the conformable waveguide
US20220190460A1 (en) * 2020-12-11 2022-06-16 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Waveguide with internal, self-supported feature(s)
US11936091B2 (en) * 2020-12-11 2024-03-19 Rtx Corporation Waveguide apparatus including channel segments having surfaces that are angularly joined at a junction or a corner

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GB1231930A (en) 1971-05-12
JPS4825157B1 (en) 1973-07-26
DE1790171C2 (en) 1974-08-01
FR2018577A1 (en) 1970-05-29
DE1790171B1 (en) 1974-01-10
BR6910653D0 (en) 1973-02-08

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