US3658202A - Loader with improved stability and increased reach - Google Patents

Loader with improved stability and increased reach Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3658202A
US3658202A US42001A US3658202DA US3658202A US 3658202 A US3658202 A US 3658202A US 42001 A US42001 A US 42001A US 3658202D A US3658202D A US 3658202DA US 3658202 A US3658202 A US 3658202A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
arms
lever arms
lift
bucket
pivotally connected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US42001A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert A Peterson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caterpillar Inc
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Tractor Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Tractor Co filed Critical Caterpillar Tractor Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3658202A publication Critical patent/US3658202A/en
Assigned to CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE. reassignment CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/34—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines
    • E02F3/3405—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets with bucket-arms, i.e. a pair of arms, e.g. manufacturing processes, form, geometry, material of bucket-arms directly pivoted on the frames of tractors or self-propelled machines and comprising an additional linkage mechanism

Definitions

  • the point at which the greatest tipping force occurs i.e'., point of maximum forward displacement of the bucket from the front wheels, generally coincides with the normal carry position of the bucket. This is a principal factor which dictates the bucket size for a given vehicle.
  • counterweights must be added to the rear of the vehicle, thereby adding more dead weight to be carried by the vehicle. Likewise, counterweights must be added if it is attempted to increase the lift height of the bucket by lengthening the lift arms, the forward displacement of the bucket from the front wheels during digging being correspondingly increased.
  • a further problem encountered with the conventional arrangement is that the hydraulic lifting capacity is greatest at ground level and rapidly decreases as the bucket is elevated.
  • the present invention relates to an end loader linkage for effecting bucket lift travel in a plurality of arcs approximating a vehicle line closely adjacent the front wheels of the vehicle, which linkage includes hydraulic jacks positioned to provide a more favorable mechanical advantage for lifting capacities, particularly in the digging ranges, and results in a lift wherein the center of gravity of the bucket is maintained in a more favorable position with respect to the forward end of the vehicle to increase its ability to counterbalance heavier loads while maintaining a more favorable dumping height and reach positron.
  • the linkage of the present invention basically includes lift arms having a bucket pivotally connected to one end and pivotally connected at the other end to lever arms in turn pivotally connected to and upwardly projecting from the front frame of a vehicle.
  • Hydraulic jack means are coupled between the frame and lever arms for selectively pivoting same between first and second positions respectively angularly displaced slightly forward and rearward of the vertical.
  • Second hydraulic jack means are coupled between the frame and the lift arms at points forwardly adjacent their pivotal connections to the lever arms and upwardly displaced from a plane intersecting the pivot connections at the opposite ends of the lift arms.
  • first and second jack means may be actuated to effect correlated pivotal movements of the lift arms and lever arms commensurate with lift travel of the bucket from the ground level upwardly through three interconnected arcs approximating a vertical line.
  • I-Iydraulically actuated tilt means are coupled to the bucket to impart tilting movement thereto between load and dump positions.
  • FIG. 11 is a side elevational view of the front portion of a loader embodying the linkage of the present invention, the ground level dig position of the bucket and linkage being illustrated in full line, and the fully elevated position thereof being depicted in dashed-dotted line.
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1, but illustrating two intermediate positions of the bucket and linkage respectively in full and broken lines.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph of the bucket pivot pin height versus tipping load, comparing the present loader linkage to the prior art.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown the forward portion of a front end loader 11 having a linkage 12, in accordance with the present invention, for elevating a bucket 13 from a ground level digging position (depicted in full line in FIG. 1) adjacent the front wheels 14 of the vehicle along a nearly vertical path of travel to a fully extended elevated position (depicted in broken line in FIG. 1).
  • the linkage 12 is arranged to provide a path of bucket lift travel defined by a succession of short arcs which approximate a vertical line. By providing a more nearly vertical path of travel, the forward excursion of the bucket from the front wheels of the vehicle is minimized during lifting, thereby providing improved tip stabilit
  • the linkage 12 is further arranged to provide increased lifting and digging capacity in the carry and digging positions, improved bucket lift travel through the bank while filling the bucket, while at the same time increasing the lift height and reach of the bucket for dumping, compared to existing linkage designs which have attempted to also provide a more nearly vertical path of lift travel.
  • the linkage 12 includes a pair of parallel transversely spaced lift arms 16 pivotally supporting the bucket 13 at one end, as by means of pins 17, for movement about a transverse axis, and having their opposite ends pivotally connected, as indicated at 18, to a pair of parallel transversely spaced upwardly projecting lever arms 19.
  • the lower ends of the lever arms 19 are pivotally connected at 21 to the front frame 22 of the loader 11 for movement about a transverse axis at a position rearwardly displaced from the rotational axis of the front wheels 14.
  • the lift arms 16 are preferably interconnected by a cross beam 23, and the lever arms 19 are preferably interconnected by a cross beam 24.
  • the pivot connections 18 of the lift arms are displaced from the free ends of the lever arms and the cross beam 24 is intermediate the pivot connections 18 and the lower end pivot connections 21 of the lever arms.
  • a pair of hydraulic jacks 26 are pivotally connected, as indicated at 27, to the front frame 22 at points rearwardly displaced from the lever arm pivot connections 21, and have their rod ends pivotally connected to the lever arms as indicated at 28.
  • the jacks are preferably substantially horizontally disposed with the rod pivot connections 28 upwardly displaced a short distance from the lever arm pivot connections 21.
  • the jacks are effective to selectively actuate the lever arms between a first position slightly angularly displaced forwardly of the vertical, as shown in FIG. 1, and a second position angularly displaced rearwardly of the vertical, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the lever arms are preferably formed with raised stops 29 on their rear edges adjacent rod pivot connections 28 for abutting inclined portions 31 of the frame when the lever arms are in their second or rearward positions.
  • Raising or lowering of the lift arms 16 about their pivot connections, 18 to the lever arms 19 is similarly effected by means of a pair of hydraulic jacks 32 pivotally connected, as indicated at 33, to the front frame 22 at points forwardly displaced from the lever arm pivot connections 21, and having their rod ends pivotally connected to the lift arms as indicated at 34.
  • the jacks 32 are substantially vertically disposed when the lever arms 19 are at their forward extremes and the lift arms 16 are at their lowermost extremes to position the bucket 13 at ground level for digging, as shown in full line in FIG. 1.
  • the rear edges of the lift arms are preferably formed with outwardly projecting stops 36 at positions spaced forwardly from the pivot connections 18 for abutting the cross arm 24 between the lever arms.
  • connection 34 of the rods of jacks 32 to the lift arms are also important to the ends of the present invention.
  • the forward edges of the lift arms are formed with raised portions 37 forwardly spaced from the lift arm pivot connections 18, and a formed plate 38 extends transversely between such raised portions.
  • the lift jack rod connections are then journaled to the raised portions.
  • the rod connections 34 are upwardly displaced from a plane intersecting the pivot connections 17 and 18 at the opposite ends of the lift arms.
  • the linkage 12 further includes means for tilting the bucket 13 between load, carry and dump positions about the pivots 17.
  • the tilt means may be variously provided, in the illustrated embodiment such means include hydraulic jacks 39 pivotally connected at 41 to the free ends oflever arms 19 and having their rods pivotally connected, as indicated at 42, to intermediate points of levers 43 which, in turn, have one end pivotally connected to the lift arms 16 rearwardly of the bucket.
  • the jacks impart swinging movement to the levers 43 which in turn impart tilting movement to the bucket through links 44 connected between the opposite ends of the levers and the bucket.
  • jacks 26 are retracted and jacks 32 are partly extended to cause the linkage and bucket to assume the position indicated at 13b in FIG. 2.
  • the lever arms 19 are in their rearward positions and the jacks 32 are in a partially extended position such that the lift arms 16 are partially raised.
  • the bucket pivot pins 17 traverse an arcuate path as indicated at 46.
  • the lever arms 19 are then moved to their forward positions by extension of the jacks 26. Even though the lift arms had been previously elevated to the maximum extent possible by full extension of the jacks 32 alone, the lift arms are now further elevated to a position of full lift height, as indicated at 13d, by virtue of the geometry of the linkage.
  • the bucket pivot pins 17 traverse an arcuate path 46b during such action of the linkage. More particularly, it is to be noted that by virtue of the relative positions of pivot connections 18 and 34 to the lift arms, forward movement of the lever arms effects upward pivotal movement of the lift arms about connections 34 to thereby elevate the bucket to the full height position 13d.
  • the tilt jacks 39 are retracted to maintain the bucket in its load and carry positions during elevation of the bucket from ground position to full height position 13d in the manner hereinbefore described. In the full height position, the jacks 39 are extended to thereby dump the bucket. It should be noted, however, that the bucket may be dumped at any point of the lifting cycle, if desired, by actuating the tilt jacks.
  • FIG. 3 depicts the bucket pivot pin height versus tipping load characteristic for a loader with the present linkage 12 compared to a conventional linkage wherein the pivot point of the lift arms is fixed.
  • the tipping loads plotted are loads on the bucket pivot pins for which the rear wheels of the vehicle leave the ground.
  • the curve 47 represents the present linkage while the curve 48 represents the linkage of a prior art loader.
  • the maximum load that the prior art loader can lift from ground level to full height is limited by a tipping load of approximately 65,500 lbs. when the bucket pivot pins are 90 inches above the ground. Since the normal carry height is with the pin between 60 and 90 inches, the tendency of the load in the bucket to tip the vehicle is greatest when the bucket is in the carry position.
  • the maximum load is limited by a tipping load of approximately 78,000 lbs. when the bucket pivot pins 17 are at a height of inches above the ground, while the tipping load at 90 inches is 91,000 lbs.
  • the present linkage is able to lift a larger load and still have better stability in the carry position than the prior art loader, or if equal loads are carried by both machines, the machine with the present linkage has greatly improved stability.
  • the linkage 12 not only improves the stability and increases the lifting capacity of the loader, but in addition it provides improved bucket lift travel through the material being loaded.
  • the vehicle crowds the unit into the material bank while the lift arms traveling with a constant radius also tend to crowd the bank.
  • Such double movement tends to stall the loader, and it is usually necessary to provide relief by racking back the bucket to decrease the swinging radius thereof, thereby reducing the vehicle push.
  • the instant linkage 12 while still having the vehicle crowd the bucket into the material bank, provides an improved path with the bucket which is much more vertical than horizontal. In this manner, the bucket lip travels more nearly straight up through the bank, making it easier to dig and cut material to fill the bucket.
  • an improved loader linkage which has hydraulic jacks positioned to provide a more favorable mechanical advantage for lifting capacities, particularly in the digging ranges.
  • the linkage results in a lift wherein the center of gravity of the bucket is maintained in a more favorable position with respect to the forward end of the vehicle to thereby increase its ability to counterbalance heavier loads while maintaining a more favorable height and reach position.
  • End loader linkage for effecting lift travel of a bucket on a vehicle having a frame and wheels comprising a pair of transversely spaced parallel lever arms pivotally connected to and upwardly projecting from the front frame of said vehicle at points rearwardly displaced from the rotational axis of the front wheels thereof, a pair of transversely spaced parallel lift arms having first ends pivotally connected to said lever arms and second ends pivotally connected to said bucket, hydraulic jack means coupled between said front frame and said lever arms for selectively pivoting same between first and second positions respectively angularly displaced forwardly and rearwardly of the vertical, a cross beam transversely interconnecting said lever arms at a position intermediate the pivot connections of said lever arms to said frame and the pivot connections of said lift arms to said lever arms, said lever arms having raised stops on the rear edges thereof for abutting said frame when said lever arms are in said second position thereof, said lift arms having outwardly projecting stops on the rear edges thereof at positions spaced forwardly from the pivot connections of said lift arms to said lever arms for abut
  • End loader linkage for effecting lift travel of a bucket on a vehicle having a frame and wheels comprising a pair of transversely spaced parallel lever arms pivotally connected to and upwardly projecting from the front frame of said vehicle at points rearwardly displaced from the rotational axis of the front wheels thereof, a pair of transversely spaced parallel lift arms having first ends pivotally connected to said lever arms and second ends pivotally connected to said bucket, first hydraulic jack means including a pair of substantially horizontally disposed hydraulic jacks pivotally connected to said front frame at points rearwardly displaced from the pivot connections of said lever arms to said frame and having their rod ends pivotally connected to said lever arms at points upwardly adjacent their pivot connections to said frame for selectively pivoting said lever arms between first and second positions respectively angularly displaced forwardly and rearwardly of the vertical, second hydraulic jack means including a second pair of hydraulic jacks pivotally connected to said frame at points forwardly displaced from the pivot connections of said lever arms thereto and having their rod ends pivotally connected to said lift arms, said
  • End loader linkage for effecting lift travel of a bucket on a vehicle having a frame and wheels comprising a pair of transversely spaced parallel lever arms pivotally connected to and upwardly projecting from the front frame of said vehicle at points rearwardly displaced from the rotational axis of the front wheels thereof, a pair of transversely spaced parallel lift arms having first ends pivotally connected to said lever arms and second ends pivotally connected to said bucket, the pivot connections of said lift arms to said lever arms being downwardly displaced from the free ends of said lever arms, first hydraulic jack means including a pair of substantially horizontally disposed hydraulic jacks pivotally connected to said front frame at points rearwardly displaced from the pivot connections of said lever arms to said frame and having their rod ends pivotally connected to said lever arms at points upwardly adjacent their pivot connections to said frame, second hydraulic jack means including a second pair of hydraulic jacks pivotally connected to said frame at points forwardly displaced from the pivot connections of said lever arms thereto and having their rod ends pivotally connected to said lift arms, said second pair of
  • Linkage according to claim 3 further defined by a cross beam transversely interconnecting said lever arms at a position intermediate the pivot connections of said lever arms to said frame and the pivot connections of said lift arms to said lever arms, said lever arms having raised stops on the rear edges thereof adjacent the pivot connections of the rod ends of said first pair of jacks thereto for abutting said frame when said lever arms are in said second position thereof, said lift arms having outwardly projecting stops on the rear edges thereof at positions spaced forwardly from the pivot connections of said lift arms to said lever arms for abutting said cross beam when said lift arms are in lowered position.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)
  • Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
US42001A 1970-06-01 1970-06-01 Loader with improved stability and increased reach Expired - Lifetime US3658202A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US4200170A 1970-06-01 1970-06-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3658202A true US3658202A (en) 1972-04-25

Family

ID=21919517

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US42001A Expired - Lifetime US3658202A (en) 1970-06-01 1970-06-01 Loader with improved stability and increased reach

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3658202A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5145882B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE767753A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3876101A (en) * 1974-04-19 1975-04-08 Caterpillar Tractor Co Loader linkage with jointed lift arms
US4029226A (en) * 1976-04-12 1977-06-14 J. I. Case Company Linkage support system for material handling unit
US4768917A (en) * 1986-10-23 1988-09-06 Vme Americas Inc. Loader boom mechanism
FR2817574A1 (fr) * 2000-12-04 2002-06-07 Faucheux Ind Soc Dispositif chargeur frontal pour engin porteur
US6474933B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2002-11-05 Clark Equipment Company Extended reach vertical lift boom
US20090077840A1 (en) * 2007-09-21 2009-03-26 Zeno Joseph R Progressive linkage for excavator thumb
US20110100659A1 (en) * 2008-01-07 2011-05-05 Nippon Sharyo,Ltd. Pile driver
USD832551S1 (en) 2017-10-12 2018-10-30 Clark Equipment Company Loader
USD832552S1 (en) 2017-10-12 2018-10-30 Clark Equipment Company Lift arm for loader
US10626576B2 (en) 2016-12-16 2020-04-21 Clark Equipment Company Loader with telescopic lift arm
CN111456124A (zh) * 2020-04-21 2020-07-28 三一重机有限公司 一种推土铲总成及挖掘机

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS635724A (ja) * 1986-06-26 1988-01-11 興和株式会社 眼底検査装置
JPH0512364Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1986-08-29 1993-03-30

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2707059A (en) * 1952-08-25 1955-04-26 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Power loader and shovel
US2820555A (en) * 1954-06-07 1958-01-21 Lessmann Herbert Frederick Power shovels or the like
US2980271A (en) * 1957-02-11 1961-04-18 Yale & Towne Mfg Co Lifting mechanism for industrial truck
US3024933A (en) * 1958-03-03 1962-03-13 Pettibone Mulliken Corp Multi-action front end loaders
US3353699A (en) * 1966-07-11 1967-11-21 Caterpillar Tractor Co Support for loader lift arm
US3519156A (en) * 1968-06-07 1970-07-07 Pacific Car & Foundry Co Front-end loader with automatic tilt

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2707059A (en) * 1952-08-25 1955-04-26 Westinghouse Air Brake Co Power loader and shovel
US2820555A (en) * 1954-06-07 1958-01-21 Lessmann Herbert Frederick Power shovels or the like
US2980271A (en) * 1957-02-11 1961-04-18 Yale & Towne Mfg Co Lifting mechanism for industrial truck
US3024933A (en) * 1958-03-03 1962-03-13 Pettibone Mulliken Corp Multi-action front end loaders
US3353699A (en) * 1966-07-11 1967-11-21 Caterpillar Tractor Co Support for loader lift arm
US3519156A (en) * 1968-06-07 1970-07-07 Pacific Car & Foundry Co Front-end loader with automatic tilt

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3876101A (en) * 1974-04-19 1975-04-08 Caterpillar Tractor Co Loader linkage with jointed lift arms
US4029226A (en) * 1976-04-12 1977-06-14 J. I. Case Company Linkage support system for material handling unit
US4768917A (en) * 1986-10-23 1988-09-06 Vme Americas Inc. Loader boom mechanism
US6474933B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2002-11-05 Clark Equipment Company Extended reach vertical lift boom
FR2817574A1 (fr) * 2000-12-04 2002-06-07 Faucheux Ind Soc Dispositif chargeur frontal pour engin porteur
US20090077840A1 (en) * 2007-09-21 2009-03-26 Zeno Joseph R Progressive linkage for excavator thumb
US7818901B2 (en) * 2007-09-21 2010-10-26 Acs Industries, Inc. Progressive linkage for excavator thumb
US20110100659A1 (en) * 2008-01-07 2011-05-05 Nippon Sharyo,Ltd. Pile driver
US10626576B2 (en) 2016-12-16 2020-04-21 Clark Equipment Company Loader with telescopic lift arm
USD832551S1 (en) 2017-10-12 2018-10-30 Clark Equipment Company Loader
USD832552S1 (en) 2017-10-12 2018-10-30 Clark Equipment Company Lift arm for loader
CN111456124A (zh) * 2020-04-21 2020-07-28 三一重机有限公司 一种推土铲总成及挖掘机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5145882B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-12-06
BE767753A (fr) 1971-11-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2455474A (en) Excavator
US3215292A (en) Material handling apparatus-front lift type
US3411647A (en) Boom assembly for tractor loader
US3658202A (en) Loader with improved stability and increased reach
US2482612A (en) Shovel loader
US6325589B1 (en) Loader with a controlled vertical path of a working implement
US3872991A (en) Vehicle loader linkage means
US3966070A (en) Mechanism for loader bucket or forklift mast on a material handling vehicle
US2310284A (en) Front end loader
US3380604A (en) Backhoe bucket construction
US3451575A (en) Conveyor bucket with hydraulically-operated grille-like lid
US2774496A (en) Tractor mounted high lift loader
US3648871A (en) Vehicle loader
US4329797A (en) Amplified loader arm
US3786953A (en) Loader linkage
US3122248A (en) Loader bucket with ejector
US3543960A (en) Loader bucket with push plate ejector
US3491906A (en) Loader apparatus with crowd capability
US3447708A (en) Tractor mounted loader
US3208610A (en) Self-filling bottom-dumping front end loader
US3567049A (en) Mechanical excavator or loader vehicle
US2926799A (en) Counterweight arrangement for tractor loader
US4029226A (en) Linkage support system for material handling unit
US3076571A (en) Front end loader
US3203564A (en) Front end and overshot loader

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC., A CORP. OF DE.,ILLINOIS

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.;REEL/FRAME:004669/0905

Effective date: 19860515

Owner name: CATERPILLAR INC., 100 N.E. ADAMS STREET, PEORIA, I

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO., A CORP. OF CALIF.;REEL/FRAME:004669/0905

Effective date: 19860515