US3657597A - Arrangement for igniting and a supplying gas and/or vapour discharge lamp - Google Patents

Arrangement for igniting and a supplying gas and/or vapour discharge lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
US3657597A
US3657597A US26610A US3657597DA US3657597A US 3657597 A US3657597 A US 3657597A US 26610 A US26610 A US 26610A US 3657597D A US3657597D A US 3657597DA US 3657597 A US3657597 A US 3657597A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lamp
voltage source
voltage
current
source
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US26610A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jozef Cornelis Moerkens
Giovanni Porro
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
    • H02J9/065—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads for lighting purposes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/02—Details
    • H05B41/04—Starting switches
    • H05B41/048—Starting switches using electromagnetic relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/46—Circuits providing for substitution in case of failure of the lamp
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/05—Starting and operating circuit for fluorescent lamp
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT The invention relates to igniting and supplying a gasand/or vapour discharge lamp.
  • An object of the invention is to obviate or at least to mitigate this drawback.
  • -An arrangement will be described for igniting and supplying a gas and/or vapour discharge lamp provided with atleast two electrodes, which arrangement is intended to be connected to two voltage sources, the lamp mainly receiving current from one of these voltage sources, i.e., the first voltage source.
  • the arrangement is characterized in that only in the switchedon condition of the second voltage source will the voltage across the lamp electrode, in the -case of a lamp not yet ignited, be higher than the cold ignition voltage of said lamp,and that means are provided which cause the second voltage source to take over the supply of the lamp when the voltage of the first voltage source fails due to interference.
  • An arrangement according to the invention may be used, for example, for the illumination of sports events, for example, football fields.
  • sports events for example, football fields.
  • the supply arrangement causes the lamps to ignite as soon as the supply voltage is available again. If no special steps have been taken and when, for example, high-pressure mercury vapour discharge lamps provided with metal halides are used, it will be necessary to wait (even in thecase of a short interference of the power supply) for a rather long period, for example, minutes before these lamps have sufficiently cooled off to be reignited again. Such a long period is inadmissible, for football games or the like. This is certainly the case when such a game is televised.
  • the present invention provides a solution in that the second voltage source insures both the first ignition of the lamp and maintains a given lamp .current after the first voltage source has failed. if a short period later the supply voltage, that is to say, the first voltage is available again, the lamp can directly be reignited. The football ground then need not be in a minute's darkness.
  • the circuit of thesecond voltage source is connected, for example, to a photosensitive element which reacts to the light from the discharge lamp. This may be effected in such a manner that when the discharge lamp is extinguished this, photosensitive element connects the second voltage source to the lamp.
  • An advantage of this preferred embodiment is that it is then very simple for the second voltage source to take over the lamp supply when the first voltage source has failed due to interference.
  • the first voltage source is preferably an alternating voltage source and the second voltage source is a direct voltage source with a DC-AC converter whose AC-frequency is more than 1,000 Hz being included between the terminals of the direct voltage source and the lamp.
  • connection from the connecting terminals of the first voltage source to the lamp includes a switch which is coupled to a switch provided in the connection from the connecting terminals of the second voltage source to the lamp.
  • the two switches are coupled in such a manner that one switch is in the open (closed) condition when the other switch is likewise in the open and closed condition, respectively.
  • connection from a connecting terminal of the second voltage source to the lamp includes a contact (second contact) of a relay which is connected to an auxiliaryarrangement likewise intended to be supplied from the second voltage source.
  • This auxiliary arrangement energizes the last-mentioned relay so that the second contact opens some time, e.g., an operating period, after the instant when the is that the second voltage source is switched off some time I after the occurrence of a failure, for example, aquarter of a minute later.
  • a complete exhaustion of the second voltage source is then avoided.
  • Such an exhaustion would be particuwould then have to remain operative permanently, namely until the lamp has sufiiciently cooled off to be able to reignite. Under certain circumstances this may involve an unwanted exhaustion of the second voltage source.
  • the reference numerals 1 and 2 denote connecting terminals adapted for connection to an alternating voltage source of, for example, 220 V, 50 Hz.
  • Terminal 1 is connected to a ballast inductor 3.
  • the other end of this inductor is connected to an electrode of a high-pressure-mercury vapour discharge lamp 4.
  • This is a discharge tube which comprises metal halides.
  • the other electrode of the lamp is connected through an energizing winding 5 of a relay to a switch 6.
  • the other end of the switch 6 is connected to the connecting terminal 2.
  • the Figure furthermore shows an auxiliary arrangement 18 which is connected between the connection from the relay contact 11 and a relay contact 12 on the one hand and to the connection wire 14 on the other hand.
  • This auxiliary arrangement includes a time switch having a contact 12.
  • the switch 12 is bridged by a circuit which comprises a contact 19.
  • the contact 19 may be closed by means of a rotatable cam disc 20. This cam disc is driven, by an electric motor 21. s
  • the electric motor 21 is connected at one end to the terminal 1 and the inductor 3 andat the other end through a switch 22 to the junction between the energizing winding 5 with short lapses and current is supplied to the converter 13.
  • a direct voltage source 9 is connected to terminals 7 and 8.
  • the switches 6 and 10 When the switches 6 and 10 are closed, the supply of the alternating voltage source to terminals 1 and 2 will produce a voltage across the electrodes of the lamp 4. This voltage is, however, insufficient to ignite the lamp 4. However, since the switch 10 also is closed and the contacts 11 and 12 are closed in the rest position, the converter 13 is energized from the direct voltage source 9. This converter then likewise applies a voltage across the electrodes of the lamp 4 through the connection wires 15 and'16. This is a voltage of high frequency having a rather high peak value.
  • the motor 21 is started through switch 22. This motor activates the cam disc 20. The disc 20 intermittently closes the contact, 19 so that the switch 12 is shunted This means that voltage peaks are applied to the lamp 4 for short periods. When initially the lamp is still in its hot condition, these voltage peaks will be insufficient to reignite this.
  • the lamp 4 is first ignited with the of the direct voltage source and the supply of the lamp is then taken over by the altemating voltage source at the terminals 1, 2.
  • the lamp 4 was a lamp of 2,000 Watts.
  • the inductor 3 had a value of 003 Henry and the converter provided 900 Volts at 8,000 Hz.
  • Capacitor 17 had a capacitance of 7 kp- F arad.
  • the cold ignition voltage of the lamp 4 is approximately 600 Volts, and the hot ignition voltage is more than 10,000 Volts.
  • the arrangement described is particularly suitable to beused for the illumination of sports grounds. This certainly applies when television recordings are made. However, it is alternatively possible for the arrange ment to be used for other illumination projects where it is likewise important that long interruptions do not occur.
  • the time switches and the test arrangements described may of course also be replaced by arrangements which have a different construction and which are equipped, for example, with controlled semiconductor elements.
  • the direct voltage source is used both as an ignition arrangement for the lamp 4 and as the supplier of a lamp current in emergency cases, that is to say, when the voltage across the terminals 1 and 2 has dropped out.
  • An ignition supply circuit for an electric discharge lamp of the type exhibiting a predetermined cold ignition voltage comprising, a first source of voltage of a value below the lamp cold ignition voltage, means for coupling said first voltage source across the lamp electrodes for supplying the operating current thereto during normal operation of the lamp, a second 1 source of voltage of a value above the lamp cold ignition voltage, switching means for coupling the second voltage source across the lamp electrodes to ignite the lamp, means for sensing the condition of the lamp to cause said switching means to disconnect the second voltage source from the lamp when the lamp draws current from the first voltage source and to reconnect the second voltage source to the lamp in the event the lamp is deenergized due to a failure of the first voltage source thereby to supply an uninterrupted current to the lamp from said second voltage source for a given period of time subsequent to the failure of the first voltage source.
  • a circuit as claimed in claim 1 wherein the first voltage a terminal of the second voltage source and a lamp electrode and coupled to said first switch so that said switches open and close together in synchronism.
  • said switching means includes a normally closed switch contact connected between a terminal of the second voltage source and a lamp electrode, a timing device connected acrosssaid second voltage source for controlling the operation of said switch contact so as to open same at a given time after the second voltage source is applied to the lamp, said given time being greater than the normal ignition time for the lamp.
  • sensing means is included in said coupling means and comprises a relay winding responsive to the supply current from said first voltage source, said relay having a normally closed contact in a lead provided between one terminal of the second voltage source and a lamp electrode whereby the contact is opened when a given current flows through the relay winding.
  • said coupling means includes a first switch connected between a terminal of the first voltage source and a lamp electrode and said switching means includes a second switch connected between sequent to ignition, a second source of high frequency-AC voltage of a value above the lamp ignition voltage, switching means for simultaneously connecting said first and second voltage sources across the lamp electrodes whereby the lamp is ignited by said second voltage source whereupon the first voltage source supplies the normal operating current to said lamp, second switching means responsive to the lamp current supplied by said first voltage 'source for opening the circuit between the second voltage source and the lamp when said current fiows and to close the circuit between the second voltage source and the lamp when said current drops below a given value sufficient to maintain the flow of lamp current, whereby the second voltage source supplies a reduced operating current to said lamp.
  • a circuit as claimed in claim 8 wherein said second volting device connected across the terminals of said DC voltage source via said switching contact and having a normally closed contact connected in series with a terminal of the DC voltage source and an input terminal of the converter whereby activation of said timing device after a given time period opens said v normally closed contact to deenergize the converter.

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
US26610A 1969-04-12 1970-04-08 Arrangement for igniting and a supplying gas and/or vapour discharge lamp Expired - Lifetime US3657597A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6905676A NL6905676A (es) 1969-04-12 1969-04-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3657597A true US3657597A (en) 1972-04-18

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US26610A Expired - Lifetime US3657597A (en) 1969-04-12 1970-04-08 Arrangement for igniting and a supplying gas and/or vapour discharge lamp

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3657597A (es)
AT (1) AT316688B (es)
BE (1) BE748828A (es)
BR (1) BR7018146D0 (es)
CA (1) CA937980A (es)
ES (1) ES378415A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2043167A5 (es)
GB (1) GB1311195A (es)
NL (1) NL6905676A (es)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4057750A (en) * 1976-05-10 1977-11-08 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Apparatus and method for sustaining the operation of HID lamps
US4117373A (en) * 1977-04-28 1978-09-26 General Electric Company Emergency/normal lighting circuit for a gaseous discharge lamp

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1568310A (en) * 1976-12-13 1980-05-29 Kuroi Kosan Kk Discharge lamp lighting devices
GB2197760A (en) * 1986-10-31 1988-05-25 Fano Int Ltd Emergency lighting unit

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2106968A (en) * 1936-04-27 1938-02-01 Joseph M Dannheiser Emergency power supply system
US2593952A (en) * 1947-11-26 1952-04-22 Gen Electric Operating circuit for electric discharge devices
GB1079967A (en) * 1965-07-07 1967-08-16 Ass Elect Ind Improvements relating to electrical inverters
US3350581A (en) * 1963-07-11 1967-10-31 Sigma Instruments Inc Condition-initiated circuit-controlling apparatus
US3373313A (en) * 1965-08-16 1968-03-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Power supply system for low-frequency and high-frequency discharge devices and switching means therefor

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2106968A (en) * 1936-04-27 1938-02-01 Joseph M Dannheiser Emergency power supply system
US2593952A (en) * 1947-11-26 1952-04-22 Gen Electric Operating circuit for electric discharge devices
US3350581A (en) * 1963-07-11 1967-10-31 Sigma Instruments Inc Condition-initiated circuit-controlling apparatus
GB1079967A (en) * 1965-07-07 1967-08-16 Ass Elect Ind Improvements relating to electrical inverters
US3373313A (en) * 1965-08-16 1968-03-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Power supply system for low-frequency and high-frequency discharge devices and switching means therefor

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4057750A (en) * 1976-05-10 1977-11-08 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Apparatus and method for sustaining the operation of HID lamps
US4117373A (en) * 1977-04-28 1978-09-26 General Electric Company Emergency/normal lighting circuit for a gaseous discharge lamp
DE2818242A1 (de) * 1977-04-28 1978-11-02 Gen Electric Normal/not-beleuchtungsschaltung fuer eine gasentladungslampe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE748828A (fr) 1970-10-12
GB1311195A (en) 1973-03-21
ES378415A1 (es) 1972-06-16
FR2043167A5 (es) 1971-02-12
CA937980A (en) 1973-12-04
DE2015769B2 (de) 1976-07-01
NL6905676A (es) 1970-10-14
DE2015769A1 (de) 1970-10-15
BR7018146D0 (pt) 1973-01-02
AT316688B (de) 1974-07-25

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