US3655939A - Safety device for multi-pane glass refrigerator doors - Google Patents

Safety device for multi-pane glass refrigerator doors Download PDF

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Publication number
US3655939A
US3655939A US89882A US3655939DA US3655939A US 3655939 A US3655939 A US 3655939A US 89882 A US89882 A US 89882A US 3655939D A US3655939D A US 3655939DA US 3655939 A US3655939 A US 3655939A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
source
chamber
electrical energy
output signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US89882A
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English (en)
Inventor
Michael E Stromquist
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Anthonys Manufacturing Co Inc
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Anthonys Manufacturing Co Inc
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Publication of US3655939A publication Critical patent/US3655939A/en
Assigned to MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY reassignment MANUFACTURERS HANOVER TRUST COMPANY SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ANTHONY'S MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC., A CA. CORP.
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to ANTHONY'S MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC. reassignment ANTHONY'S MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC. TERMINATION OF SECURITY INTEREST Assignors: CHASE-MANHATTAN BANK, SUCCESSOR BY MERGER TO CHEMICAL BANK, SBM MANUFACTURER'S HANOVER TRUST COMPANY
Assigned to ANTHONY'S MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC. reassignment ANTHONY'S MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC. TERMINATION OF SECURITY INTEREST AND QUITCLAIM Assignors: BANKBOSTON, N.A. F/K/A THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/84—Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/035—Electrical circuits used in resistive heating apparatus

Definitions

  • This invention relates to safety devices and more particularly to power cut-out safety devices for use in commercial refrigerated display cabinets having multi-pane glass doors wherein electric power is applied to a conductive coating positioned on at least one pane to enable heating of the glass.
  • Refrigerated display cabinets are used in food stores to store and display food products which would spoil at ordinary room temperatures.
  • the doors are typically made of glass.
  • the glass doors are fabricated from sealed multi-pane glass units with space being provided between each pair of glass panes. The space defines a sealed thermal insulation chamber.
  • the surface of one of the planes within the sealed chamber typically has a thin film of optically transparent conductive coating material deposited thereon.
  • the coating is connected to electrical power lines via metallic conductive strip leads positioned on the glass.
  • one or more of the glass panels has electric power applied to conductive metallic strips contacting the conductive coating disposed on the inner surface of the glass, should a break occur in any of the glass panels there is danger of shock or more severe consequences to anyone coming in contact with the unit. To obviate this hazard, a means must be provided to remove electric power should any damage occur affecting the integrity of the glass unit.
  • Known safety devices require that the glass panel fractures sufficiently to cause a break in one of the metallic conductive strip leads before such devices are activated. These types of safety devices are generally inadequate to detect potentially dangerous conditions as where a hairline fracture of one of the glass panels fails to break a metallic lead.
  • One of the prior art safety devices utilizes the breaking of the conductive strip lead on the glass to trip an inline connected relay system, thereby opening the relay contacts connected in the power line. Such a system will fail, as noted above, if a hairline or other crack in the glass fails to break the conductor strip which is usually adhesively attached to the glass.
  • Another prior art safety measure utilizes a bimetallic thermal thermal switch element with normally open contacts in the power line. The bimetallic element is heated by current passing through the conductive glass and then a resistor. When the points are closed a spring links into the system holding the points closed. The entire pane of glass must be broken to open the switch.
  • the sealed thermal insulation chamber located between the glass panels is pressurized, or, in the alternative, evacuated.
  • a pressure sensitive switching element is positioned within the chamber. The switch is responsive to a change in the pressure condition of the chamber resulting from damage to the sealed unit to provide an output signal. This signal operates a circuit breaker system in line connected with the source of electrical energy to instantaneously remove electrical power upon the sensed change in the pressure condition of the chamber.
  • the pressure sensor produces an output signal when an increase in pressure occurs. If the chamber is initially pressurized, the pressure sensor produces an output signal when a decrease in pressure occurs. In either embodiment, the safety system instantaneously disconnects the power applied to the door upon the occurrence of a break in any of the glass panels.
  • FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a multipanel glass refrigerator door incorporating a pressure sensitive safety switch system in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of a suitable exemplary pressure switch in a first operative position.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the pressure switch of FIG. 2 in a second operative position.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view as seen through section 4-4 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram and circuit schematic of one embodirnent of a safety system constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • FIG. I of the drawings there is shown generally at 11 a refrigerator or freezer door constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • the door comprises a frame 18 in which is mounted a multiple pane glass unit 14.
  • the glass unit includes individual glass panes l0 and 12 secured together in spaced relation by metallic separator strips 16, extending around the peripheral edges of the unit to form a thermal insulation chamber 16 therebetween.
  • a suitable adhesive sealant 60 such as polysulfide or other well-known sealant, is applied to the peripheral portion of the unit to form a hermetic sea].
  • a rubber mounting strip 38 is preferably positioned between glass unit 14 and frame 18, as shown.
  • the invention could be applied to other types of well-known two or more pane glass units.
  • the glass panes are maintained in space relationship by a separator strip of plastic or similar material cemented thereto by an adhesive material, whereas, in the all glass multi-pane units the marginal edge portions of the glass sheets are heated sufficiently to become pliable and are thereafter urged into contact with one another to form a sealed edge wall extending around the unit.
  • the thermal insulation chamber 17 is preferably either partially evacuated to produce an internal pressure lower than atmospheric, or, alternatively, pressurized to produce an internal pressure greater than atmospheric.
  • a transparent electrically-conductive film or coating 15 is adhered to the inner surface of the pane 10 within the chamber 17.
  • metallic strip electrodes 22 and 24 are affixed to pane 10 in contact with the film.
  • the strip electrodes are preferably positioned adjacent opposed sides of the film. Electrodes 22 and 24, when connected to a source of electrical energy, enable current flow through the film thus heating the film, the glass panes, and the atmosphere within thermal insulation chamber 14.
  • a safety mechanism operational independently of the portion of the circuit by which power is supplied to the film 15, but, nonetheless, effective to disconnect the power supply from the unit upon the occurrence of a defect in the integrity of the unit, is provided.
  • a pressure sensor 33 is positioned, as shown in FIG. 1, to operatively sense the pressure condition within chamber 17.
  • Pressure sensor 33 is adapted, as will hereinafter be described, to provide a suitable output signal to a circuit breaker 30 upon the occurrence of a change in the pressure condition within chamber 17.
  • Circuit breaker 30 thereafter disconnects the power source from strip electrodes 22 and 24. Power is thus removed from the conductive film system, obviating the possibility of shock to a person coming in contact with the defective glass unit.
  • FIG. 2 detail of a suitable exemplary pressure sensitive device 33 is illustrated.
  • chamber 37 of pressure sensor 33 protrudes through one wall of the metallic separator strip 16 to communicate with the interior of the thermal insulation chamber 17 via apertures 34 and 35.
  • a sealant 37 maintains the hermetic integrity of the unit.
  • a weighted electrical contact 40 is positionedin the central portion of a flexible diaphragm 36.
  • a second electrical contact 44 is positioned on a non-conductive mounting post 47. Both contacts have suitable electrical leads 4], 46 connected thereto.
  • contact 40 will normally be held spaced from and out of electrical communication with contact 44 by virtue of the pressure differential acting upon diaphragm 46. Should the multi-pane unit 11 become defective, thus having its hermetic integrity destroyed, the pressure within upper chamber 37 of the pressure sensor will increase causing contact 40 to come into electrical contact with lower contact 44.
  • FIG. 5 one suitable system for connecting the conductively coated glass unit to a supply of electric power in accordance with the invention is illustrated.
  • a line from one side of conventional power source 84 is connected to metallic strip lead 22 via on-off switch 80 and contact 81A of double pole relay 81.
  • the other side of power source 84 is connected to contact strip lead 24 via contact 81B of relay 81.
  • Also connected across the power source are the two contacts of the pressure sensor 33 in series with a switch activator 87.
  • Switch activator 87 may, in the present embodiment, comprise a solenoid drive for the double pole relay 81.
  • pressure sensor 33 acts as an open circuit preventing current from initiating switch activator 87.
  • the pressure sensor electrically becomes a short circuit completing the current path through switch activator 87, thus opening normally closed relay 81.
  • the contacts 81A and 81B open the glass unit is effectively disconnected from the power source.
  • a refrigerated cabinet door adapted to be heated by a source of electrical energy, the combination comprising:
  • first and second electrodes adhered to the surface of said conductively coated panel in spaced relationship.
  • a first normally closed relay contact connected between said first electrode and one side of the source of electrical energy.
  • a second normally closed relay contact connected between said second electrode and the other side of the source of electrical energy.
  • a relay contact activator responsive to the receipt of said output signal to open said relay contact and disconnect said first electrode from said source of electrical energy.
  • a relay contact activator responsive to the receipt of said output signal to open said relay contacts and disconnects said first and second electrodes from said source of electrical energy.
  • a safety device comprising:
  • a pressure sensor operatively positioned within said chamber to sense the pressure therein, said sensor providing an output signal when the sensed pressure varies from the predetermined pressure condition;

Landscapes

  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
US89882A 1970-11-16 1970-11-16 Safety device for multi-pane glass refrigerator doors Expired - Lifetime US3655939A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US8988270A 1970-11-16 1970-11-16

Publications (1)

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US3655939A true US3655939A (en) 1972-04-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US89882A Expired - Lifetime US3655939A (en) 1970-11-16 1970-11-16 Safety device for multi-pane glass refrigerator doors

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3655939A (enrdf_load_html_response)
AU (1) AU456791B2 (enrdf_load_html_response)
CA (1) CA944052A (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (1) DE2156530C3 (enrdf_load_html_response)
FR (1) FR2113981B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
GB (1) GB1319887A (enrdf_load_html_response)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2182040A1 (enrdf_load_html_response) * 1972-04-28 1973-12-07 Glaverbel
US3911245A (en) * 1974-04-15 1975-10-07 Cardinal Insulated Glass Co Heated multiple-pane glass units
DE2617439A1 (de) * 1976-03-03 1977-09-08 Anthony S Mfg Co Enteisungssystem fuer aus mehreren glasscheiben bestehende tueren
US4306140A (en) * 1979-11-14 1981-12-15 Anthony's Manufacturing Company, Inc. Insulative multi-pane heated window structure
US4691486A (en) * 1982-04-29 1987-09-08 Frank Niekrasz Glass assembly for refrigerator doors and method of manufacture
EP0894935A1 (fr) * 1997-07-31 1999-02-03 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Elément vitré isolant
FR2769337A1 (fr) * 1997-10-06 1999-04-09 Saint Gobain Vitrage Element vitre isolant
WO2001039549A1 (en) * 1999-11-26 2001-05-31 Tyco Electronics Raychem Gmbh Control of heating arrangement with multiple sensors
US6268594B1 (en) * 1998-09-25 2001-07-31 Schott Glas Appliance such as a refrigerator or freezer with a transparent viewing door and a method of manufacture of a refrigerator or freezer with a transparent viewing door
EP1267029A1 (de) * 2001-05-21 2002-12-18 Schneider + Fichtel GmbH Isolierglasscheibe mit einem eine elektronische Schaltung aufnehmenden Abstandshalter
US20040080122A1 (en) * 2001-02-28 2004-04-29 Andre Beyrle Insulating glass element, especially for a refrigerated area
US20080223061A1 (en) * 2007-03-13 2008-09-18 Hussmann Corporation Refrigerated merchandiser
US20080229773A1 (en) * 2007-03-22 2008-09-25 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Refrigerator
US20100043293A1 (en) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Anthony, Inc. Refrigerator door construction including a laminated package
USD612517S1 (en) 2008-08-20 2010-03-23 Anthony, Inc. Door
US20100199708A1 (en) * 2007-10-01 2010-08-12 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Refrigeration device with a holder for a section of a refrigerant line
US20130000343A1 (en) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Pepsico, Inc. Refrigerated Merchandise Display System
CN102997578A (zh) * 2012-12-28 2013-03-27 合肥美的荣事达电冰箱有限公司 制冷设备及其门体
US20210115726A1 (en) * 2018-06-07 2021-04-22 Saint-Gobain Glass France Corner connector for insulating glazing units with an electrical supply line
EP4198422A1 (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-06-21 Whirlpool Corporation Door assembly
US11864669B2 (en) 2020-11-25 2024-01-09 Hussmann Corporation Merchandiser including track door system
US20240280429A1 (en) * 2023-02-17 2024-08-22 Whirlpool Corporation Pressure sensor hub

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3241622A1 (de) * 1982-11-11 1984-05-17 Allgemeine Kühlmöbelbau GmbH & Co KG, 8904 Friedberg Kuehlmoebel
EP0118402A1 (en) * 1983-02-07 1984-09-12 Termofrost Sweden Ab Safety switch
GB2190113A (en) * 1986-05-01 1987-11-11 Christopher John Downing Rolfe Building panel of spaced surfaces with (partial) vacuum between

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3379859A (en) * 1966-05-26 1968-04-23 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Electrically heated transparent panel and prtective circuit therefor
US3475594A (en) * 1967-08-16 1969-10-28 Ardco Inc Electrically heated glass panel with anti-shock control circuit having electronic switches
US3508030A (en) * 1966-01-26 1970-04-21 Julie Research Lab Inc Constant temperature bath for high power precision resistor
US3526753A (en) * 1966-12-08 1970-09-01 Ardco Inc Anti-shock control devices for electrically heated glass

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3508030A (en) * 1966-01-26 1970-04-21 Julie Research Lab Inc Constant temperature bath for high power precision resistor
US3379859A (en) * 1966-05-26 1968-04-23 Libbey Owens Ford Glass Co Electrically heated transparent panel and prtective circuit therefor
US3526753A (en) * 1966-12-08 1970-09-01 Ardco Inc Anti-shock control devices for electrically heated glass
US3475594A (en) * 1967-08-16 1969-10-28 Ardco Inc Electrically heated glass panel with anti-shock control circuit having electronic switches

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2182040A1 (enrdf_load_html_response) * 1972-04-28 1973-12-07 Glaverbel
US3911245A (en) * 1974-04-15 1975-10-07 Cardinal Insulated Glass Co Heated multiple-pane glass units
DE2617439A1 (de) * 1976-03-03 1977-09-08 Anthony S Mfg Co Enteisungssystem fuer aus mehreren glasscheiben bestehende tueren
US4306140A (en) * 1979-11-14 1981-12-15 Anthony's Manufacturing Company, Inc. Insulative multi-pane heated window structure
US4691486A (en) * 1982-04-29 1987-09-08 Frank Niekrasz Glass assembly for refrigerator doors and method of manufacture
US6051820A (en) * 1997-07-31 2000-04-18 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Heated, multi-pane, glass sheets of different sizes with current lines located outside of vacuum seal
EP0894935A1 (fr) * 1997-07-31 1999-02-03 Saint-Gobain Vitrage Elément vitré isolant
FR2769337A1 (fr) * 1997-10-06 1999-04-09 Saint Gobain Vitrage Element vitre isolant
US6268594B1 (en) * 1998-09-25 2001-07-31 Schott Glas Appliance such as a refrigerator or freezer with a transparent viewing door and a method of manufacture of a refrigerator or freezer with a transparent viewing door
WO2001039549A1 (en) * 1999-11-26 2001-05-31 Tyco Electronics Raychem Gmbh Control of heating arrangement with multiple sensors
US20040080122A1 (en) * 2001-02-28 2004-04-29 Andre Beyrle Insulating glass element, especially for a refrigerated area
US7246470B2 (en) 2001-02-28 2007-07-24 Saint-Gobain Glass France Insulating glass element, especially for a refrigerated enclosure
EP1267029A1 (de) * 2001-05-21 2002-12-18 Schneider + Fichtel GmbH Isolierglasscheibe mit einem eine elektronische Schaltung aufnehmenden Abstandshalter
US8881542B2 (en) * 2007-03-13 2014-11-11 Hussmann Corporation Refrigerated merchandiser
US20080223061A1 (en) * 2007-03-13 2008-09-18 Hussmann Corporation Refrigerated merchandiser
US20080229773A1 (en) * 2007-03-22 2008-09-25 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Refrigerator
US20100199708A1 (en) * 2007-10-01 2010-08-12 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Refrigeration device with a holder for a section of a refrigerant line
US8899070B2 (en) * 2007-10-01 2014-12-02 Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgeraete Gmbh Refrigeration device with a holder for a section of a refrigerant line
US20100043293A1 (en) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Anthony, Inc. Refrigerator door construction including a laminated package
USD612517S1 (en) 2008-08-20 2010-03-23 Anthony, Inc. Door
US8613161B2 (en) 2008-08-20 2013-12-24 Anthony, Inc. Refrigerator door construction including a laminated package
US20130000343A1 (en) * 2011-06-30 2013-01-03 Pepsico, Inc. Refrigerated Merchandise Display System
US9532660B2 (en) * 2011-06-30 2017-01-03 Pepsico, Inc. Refrigerated merchandise display system
CN102997578A (zh) * 2012-12-28 2013-03-27 合肥美的荣事达电冰箱有限公司 制冷设备及其门体
US20210115726A1 (en) * 2018-06-07 2021-04-22 Saint-Gobain Glass France Corner connector for insulating glazing units with an electrical supply line
US11713613B2 (en) * 2018-06-07 2023-08-01 Saint-Gobain Glass France Corner connector for insulating glazing units with an electrical supply line
US11864669B2 (en) 2020-11-25 2024-01-09 Hussmann Corporation Merchandiser including track door system
EP4198422A1 (en) * 2021-12-16 2023-06-21 Whirlpool Corporation Door assembly
US12038340B2 (en) 2021-12-16 2024-07-16 Whirlpool Corporation Sensor assembly for vacuum insulated structure
US20240280429A1 (en) * 2023-02-17 2024-08-22 Whirlpool Corporation Pressure sensor hub
US12385797B2 (en) * 2023-02-17 2025-08-12 Whirlpool Corporation Pressure sensor hub for a vacuum-insulated structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3576871A (en) 1973-05-24
DE2156530A1 (de) 1972-05-25
FR2113981A1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1972-06-30
FR2113981B1 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1975-07-18
DE2156530B2 (de) 1981-03-26
CA944052A (en) 1974-03-19
DE2156530C3 (de) 1981-11-05
AU456791B2 (en) 1975-01-16
GB1319887A (en) 1973-06-13

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Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:ANTHONY'S MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC., A CA. CORP.;REEL/FRAME:004661/0501

Effective date: 19861219

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Free format text: TERMINATION OF SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:CHASE-MANHATTAN BANK, SUCCESSOR BY MERGER TO CHEMICAL BANK, SBM MANUFACTURER'S HANOVER TRUST COMPANY;REEL/FRAME:009719/0230

Effective date: 19981221

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Owner name: ANTHONY'S MANUFACTURING COMPANY, INC., CALIFORNIA

Free format text: TERMINATION OF SECURITY INTEREST AND QUITCLAIM;ASSIGNOR:BANKBOSTON, N.A. F/K/A THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF BOSTON;REEL/FRAME:009737/0089

Effective date: 19981222