US365510A - Machine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) s Sheets-$116M; 1.

W. M. FULLER.

PULVERIZING MACHINE.

No. 365,510 Patented June 28, 1887.

N. PETERS, Phnlo-Lilhcgnpher, Wuhinginn. n. a

I 3 S-heets-'-Sheet 2. W. M. FULLER.

PULVERIZING MACHINE. N0 365 510 PatentedJune 28, 1887.

3 Sheets-8heet 3.

(No Model.)

W. M. FULLER.

PULVERIZING MAGHINE. N0. 365,510; Patented June 28, 1887.

1 i I W 0 l||l 0 UNITED STATES PATENT OF ICE.

WILLARD M. FULLER, OF NEW YORK, -Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE AMERICAN PULVERIZER COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

PULVERIZING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.365,510, dated June 28, 1887.

' Application filed May 15,1886. Serial No. 202,237. (No model.) 7

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLARD M. FULLER, of New York city, in the countyand State of NewYork, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Pulveriziug-Machines, of which the following is a specificatiom My invention relates to machines for pulverlzing rock and other hard materialsof that class wherein the pulverizingis done. by the attrition of one body of material against an other.

My object is to produce a machine of this class which in general will be simple and durable in construction and highly efficient in operation, and which, more especially, will have the minimum wear of its parts, will freely discharge the material as fast as ground without choking or clogging, can be kept full at the hopper, and will take care of itself without the use of an automatic feed mechanism, and will be capable of wet 'as well as dry pulverizing, overcoming, in fact, the obstacles which have heretofore prevented the success of attrition-pulverizers.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combinations of parts comprising the pulverizing-machine,as hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, Figure 1 is a vertical section of the machine on the line of its shaft; Fig. 2, a central vertical section at right angles'to Fig. 1; Fig. 3, a face view of one of the discharginggrates; Fig. 4, an elevation of the outer side of one of the disks of the revolving center; and Fig. 5, a section similar to Fig. 2, but on a somewhat smaller scale, of amodified form of machine.

With reference more particularly to Figs. 1 to 4, A is a horizontally-arranged cylinder inclosing and forming the walls of the grindingchamber of the pulverizer, and boltedto a suitable base-frame, B. On the ends of the cylinder are heads (3 O, which are separated from the grindingchamber by two annular discharging'grates, D D, and form therewith discharging-chambers. These grates, a set of which is shown fully in Fig. 3, are formed of radial grate-bars a, wider at the cuter than at their inner ends. They rest at their inner ends on central hubs, b, projecting inwardly from the heads 0 C, and at their outer ends are held in recesses a, formed at the meeting flanges d e of the cylinder and heads, where they are held together by bolts f. The grates fill the entire annular space between the hubs b and the case of the machine at each end of the grinding-cylinder, dividing the grindingchamber at the ends from the dischargingchambers,and preventing escape of material from the grinding-chamber exceptthrough the grates, the size of the openings between the grate-bars determining the size of the largest material which can be discharged. The grateopenings flare outwardly, as is usual in discharging-grates, to prevent clogging.

The driving-shaft E of the machine is a horizontal shaft passing centrally through the heads GO and through the grinding-chamber. Stuffing-boxes F F arepreferabl y provided in the hubs b of the heads 0 O, and through these stuffing-boxes the shaft passes. At its ends the shaft E is supported by bearings G on pillowblocks G, bolted to base -frame B, and outside of the bearings are pulleys H, by which the machine is driven, preferably by a belt to each pulley, although one belt can be used. Access can be had to the interior of the machine for the inspection or renewal of any of the parts'by removing the pulley from oneendoftheshaft,takingoffthecorresponding pillow-block, and, after removing the bolts holding the head on that side of themachiue, slipping the head back on the shaft.

Keyed upon the shaft and located within the grinding-chamber is the closed revolving center. This is composed of a hub, I, made solid except for the shaftopening, radial wings K, and end disks, LL. This center fills the entire space around the shaft between the hubs b of heads 0 O, the bosses g on the centers of disks L L running as close as possible to such hubs b. These disks L L are secured by tapbolts hto the hub Iof the center, and on their outer faces they have radial ribs i,which move close to the surfaces of the grates, clearing them, however, by a space, 70, preferably about the width of one of the grate-openings. These radial ribs throw coarse material outwardly,

so as to prevent any grinding between the surfaces toward the shaft, so as to utilize, for discharging purposes, the full length of the grate-openings.

The radial wings K of the center, of which there may be a greater or less number than shown, are set into channels in the hub I, as shown, and are, in addition, held by bolts l extending through the wings and the disks L L.

The feed channel or opening M for introducing material into the machine is formed in the top of cylinder A, and at one side thereof, so that when the center revolves in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2 there will be no danger of material being thrown out of the machine,even ifthe hopper is empty. .The hopper N surinounts the feedopening. It is intended to bekcpt full of material, the machine taking care of its own feed and permitting the material to enter by gravityas fast as itis needed. Iprovide at the feedehannel for the introduction of water without interfering with the feeding of the solid ma terial, so that the machine can at any time be used for wet pnlverizing, for which it is well adapted. This I do by casting a block, N, on the rear wall of the feed-channel and forming thereth rough a water-channehm, leading to the throat of feed-channel at or close to the point where it opens into the grinding-chamber. Channel in terminates at its outer end in a nozzle, m, designed to be connected with a water pipe or hose, and the water when used will pass into the throat of feed-channel and directly into the machine without passing through the material in the hopper itself, which would impede the fiow and limit the quantity of water.

For discharging pulverulent material the heads 0 G are provided on their lower sides with openings a. connecting with dischargepipes 0. On their upper sides the heads 0 C have other openings,-p, to admit air when a fan is used in connection with the machine; but when the machine is running with water or is pulverizing dry material, which is discharged by gravity alone, the openings p may be left open, or be closed by caps or in any suitable way.

The cylinder A on its interior may have ribs q but these are not considered essential. One or two removable plates, I, bolted over the openings in the sides of cylinder A at its bottom, are employed, so that the grindingchamber can be cleaned out by hand at any time. This may be occasionally required in starting the machine, if the grinding-chamber is full of coarse material, in order to relieve the revolving center and allow it to be turned easily.

Between the ends of wings K of the revolving center and the cylinder A is an annular space, R, extending entirely around the periphery of the revolving center, which space is larger (prefcrabl y two or three times larger) than the greatest dimension of any material the machine is designed to receive. This space, which I term the grinding-space, is also preferably larger than the feed channel or opening M, so that the machine cannot be subjected to the strain of crushing large pieces of material between the center and the case. The center being revolved at a high rate of speed, the material previously broken to proper size is fed into the machine through the hopper. The gri riding-chamber fills with material, part of which packs in a wall more or less solid around the inner surface of the cylinder. An inner body of the material is carried around by the center and the attrition of the two masses, one at rest and the other in motion, pulverizes the material. The pulverulent material is discharged through the grates at the ends of the cylinder into the discharging-chambers, formed by the heads and grates, and passes off or is drawn off through the pipes 0. This pulveriZing-machine belongs to that specific class of attrition-pulverizers wherein a revolving center is employed which keeps in motion a central body of material grinding upon a surrounding annular body of material carried by a stationary or revolving case. It differs, however, in many essential and important features from machines of this character heretofore proposed, some of which features are as follows: Machines of this class hax e heretofore been built with vertical shafts and cylinders, and with hollow or open revolving centers, through or over which the material to be ground was fed from the shafts outwardly. The difficulty of providing a free and reliable discharge for the ground material is one that has as yet not been satisfactoril y solved in such machines, and the wear of parts is also great. My horizontal-eylinder machine is much stronger, is better supported, and runs with less vibration than the vertical machines. The closed center (closed as distinguished from the centers heretofore employed with feed channels or openings passing through or over .them from the shaft outwardly) gives the machine an exceedingly simple and highly durable character, while the location of the feed-opening in the case, and communicating directly with the grind ing-space of the machine, which permits of the employment of a closed center, is found not to detract in the least from the grinding efficiency of the machine, which fact is contrary to the theory that has heretofore been held'with respect to machines of this classi. 0., that to get the necessary centrifugal force the material must-be fed through or over the revolving center from the shaft outwardly.

The discharging-grates at each end of' the horizontal cylinder give ample and free discharge to the pulverulent material,overcoming by this construction agreat defect existing heretofore in attrition'pulverizers. Further, in the vertical 1nachines,the material to be pulverized being fed through a hollow or open center, such machines are subjected to great wear at the junction of the stationary and turning parts of the feed-channel. My machine is not liable to this peculiar wear, and, in addition, the construction and relation of the several parts are such that the wear at other points is reduced to the minimum.

The parts liable to wear (the wings and disks of the center and, in a much less degree, the grate bars) are adapted to be readily removed and replaced by new parts.

The modified form of machine shown in Fig. 5 has two revolving centers turning toward each other, with the feed-hopper directly above the space between them. The grinding-chamber is larger than in the single machine, and

shaped differently to contain the two centers; but in all essential respects'this machine is like the single machine. This double machine is included within the scope of my present invention.

What I claim is- 1. In an attrition pulverizing-machine, the combination, with a stationary inclosing-case forming a grinding-chamber, of a revolving center located within said chamber and separated from the walls thereof by an annular space extending entirely around the periphery of the revolving center and larger than the separate pieces of material to be pulverized, said inclosing-case having a feed-opening therein communicating directly with the annular grinding-space between the revolving center and the inclosingcase, and said center acting to rotate a central mass .of material in attrition with a surrounding mass of material packed against the walls of the grinding-chamber, substantially as set forth.

2. In an attrition pulverizing-maehine, the combination, with a stationary inclosing-case forming a'grinding-ehamber, of a closed revolving center located Within said chamber and separated from the walls thereof by an annular space extending entirely around the periphery of the revolving center and larger than the separate pieces of material to be pulverized, said inclosing casehaving a feed-opening communicating directly with the annular grinding-space around the revolving center, substantially as set forth. r

3. In an attrition pulverizing-machine, the

combination, with a stationary inclosing-case' forming a grindingchamber, of a revolving center located within said chamber and separated from the walls thereof by an annular space extending entirely around the periphery 'of the revolving center and larger than the separate pieces of material to be pulverized, said inclosing case having a feedopening therein communicating directly with the annular grinding-space between the revolving center and the inclosing-ease, and discharginggrates forming part of the walls of said grinding-chamber, substantially as set ;forth.

4.. In an attrition pulverizing-machine, the combination,' witl1a horizontally-arranged sta 5. In an attrition pulverizing-machine, the I combination, with the horizontally-arranged stationary inclosing-case forming a grindingchamber, the horizontal shaft passing through said chamber, andthe revolving center mounted on said shaft within said chamber and separated from the walls thereof by an annular space extending entirely around the periphery of the revolving center and larger than the separate pieces of material to be pulverized, of two dischargingegrates located at the ends of said grinding-chamber, and heads covering such grates and receiving the pulverulent material passing therethrough, substantially as set forth.

6. In an attrition pulverizing-machine, the combination, with the horizontally-arranged case forming a grinding-chamber,and the discharging-grates at the ends thereof, of a horizontal shaft and a revolving center on said shaft within said chamber, said center being provided with radial ribs at each end sweeping over the surfaces of the discharging-grates, substantially as set forth.

7. In an-attrition pulverizing'machine, the combination, with the case and shaft, of the solid hub on said shaft and the radial wings set bodily into such hub, such wings being separated from the walls of the case by an a11- nul'ar space larger than the separate pieces of material to be pulverized, substantially as set forth.

8. In an attrition pulverizing-machine, the combination, with the case and shaft, of the solid hub on said shaft, and the radial wings set bodily into such hub and the end disks, such wings being separated from the walls of the case by an annular space larger than the separate pieces of material to be pulverized, substantially as set forth.

9. In an attrition pulverizing-machine of the specific class described, the revolving center thereof having in combination a solid hub, radial wings set bodily into such hub, end

disks having radial ribs, studbolts securing said disks to the hub, and transverse bolts passing through the disks and the radial wings, substantially as set forth.

This specification signed and witnessed this 7th day of May, 1886.

XVILLARD M. FULLER.

Witnesses:

A. W. KIDDLE,

E. O. ROWLAND.

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