Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S260/00—Chemistry of carbon compounds
  • Y10S260/15—Antistatic agents not otherwise provided for
  • Y10S260/19—Non-high polymeric antistatic agents/n
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
  • Y10S57/901—Antistatic

Definitions

• Synthetic polyamide fibers are widely used in the manufacture of textiles. Unfortunately, these fibers are poor conductors of electricity and as a result charges of static electricity are created and accumulated thereon. The accumulation of static charges on fibers is objectionable of the manufacturer during processing of the fibers and particularly to the user of textiles made therefrom; for example, almost everyone has witnessed the effects of the accumulation of static electricity charges on the surface of wearing apparel, carpets, upholstery and the like, constructed from synthetic polyamide fibers.
• an antistatic material with the polymer prior to shaping.
• Various antistatic materials or additives have been used for this purpose, for example: poly(alkylene ethers), such as polyethylene glycols and polyalkoxylated triglycerides, such as polyethoxylated hydrogenated castor oil.
• poly(alkylene ethers) such as polyethylene glycols
• polyalkoxylated triglycerides such as polyethoxylated hydrogenated castor oil.
• An object of the invention is to provide a linear synthetic polyamide filament or fiber having improved and permanent antistatic properties.
• the filaments of the present invention are made by thoroughly blending or admixing the tertiary amine with the polyamide prior to extrusion thereof into filaments. This may be accomplished, for example, by admixing the tertiary amine with molten polyamide just prior to the spinning thereof.
• suflicient tertiary amine is admixed with the polyamide to provide filaments having as a separate phase between about 3% and about 8%, based on the weight of the polyamide (O.W.P.), of the tertiary amine.
• the filaments have excellent antistatic properties which are retained even after multiple washings or launderings. Additionally, fabrics constructed from the filaments, such as carpeting, have good aesthetics.
• One-half cup cc.) of the detergent was added and the unit set to wash for 10 minutes with 16 gallons of Warm water (48 C.) and for warm water rinsings. After the washings the fabric was tumbled dried at maximum setting in an electric dryer (Sears Unit). The exhaust air was about 65 C. and the total drying cycle was 45 minutes. After washing, the fabric was subjected to 5 drying cycles.
• the testing was carried out on a dynamic static tester similar to that described in vol. 40, American Dyestuff Reporter, pp. 164-168 (1951). In brief, the test is carried out by attaching the test fabric to an aluminum cylinder which is rotated at approximately 300 r.p.m.
• the fabric is then electrostatically charged by allowing it to rub against another similar fabric surface for one minute. Then, while continuing to rotate the cylinder at 300 r.p.m., the period of time (in seconds) for the static charge build-up on the fabric to dissipate to one-half its original value is measured. In these tests the shorter the time required for dissipation of one-half the static charge build-up, i.e., static half-life (t the greater the degree of antistatic property.
• EXAMPLE 1 This example illustrates the preparation of conventional polyhexamethylene adipamide (nylon 66) fiber.
• EXAMPLE 2 Yarn was made accordinging to the procedure of Example 1, except that 6% O.W.P. of a tertiary amine of the structure was blended into the nylon melt during the 30 minute equilibrium cycle.
• Nine knit fabrics were made from the yarn. Following the above described testing procedure each fabric was washed 5, 15, and 25 times and the static build-up and static half-life were determined after each of specified washings and at conditioning periods of 1 and 7 days. The corresponding test results obtained for the nine fabrics were averaged and are given in Table I. For purposes of comparison the fabric of Example 1 was also identically tested.
• EXAMPLE 5 Three knit fabrics were prepared and tested in a manner identical to the fabrics described in Example 3, except that instead of the amine used therein 6% O.W.P. of a tertiary amine of the structure was used. The test results obtained for the three fabrics were averaged as in Example 2 and are given in Table IV.
• the above examples illustrate the excellent antistatic properties of the filaments of the present invention.
• the data indicates that the best results are obtained when the filaments contain the distearylamine having 50 or 75 ethoxy units.
• Tables II and III the data shows that fabrics knitted from filaments containing these distearylamines possess an extremely short static decay half-life, even after multiple washings.
• the above results show that the filaments are relatively good conductors of electricity and retain their conductivity after multiple washings, i.e., are permanently antistatic.
• EXAMPLE 9 In this example six test fabrics were prepared from filaments containing 6% O.W.P. of the compound described in U.S. Pat. 3,388,104, issued June 11, 1968 to L. W. Crovatt, Jr., i.e., polyethoxylated hydrogenated castor oil containing 200 ethoxy units. The test results obtained for the fabrics were averaged as in Example 2 and are given in Table VIII TABLE VIII Static half-life, Static build-up, seconds microamps Conditioning time, days 0 1 7 0 1 7 No. of washings:
• EXAMPLE 10 In this example six test fabrics were prepared, three fabrics (Set I) were prepared from filaments containing 6% O.W.P. of
• the filaments of the present invention have exceptional antistatic properties which are permanent in nature, as evidenced by the foregoing examples, and which permit for the manufacture of static resistant fabrics heretofore unattainable.
• tertiary amines which may be used in practicing the invention are those of the structure
• the Rs are each alkyl groups in which the total number of carbon atoms present in both groups is at least about 16.
• each of the alkyl groups contains at least 8 carbon atoms.
• the alkyl group may contain as many as 30 carbon atoms or more.
• the alkyl groups are straightchained although the groups may be branched-chained, if desired.
• R is an alkylene group containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, i.e., CH CH and the like and n is an integer having a value of at least 15. At n values of less than 15 the amines do not blend satisfactorily with the polyamide and as. a result the spinnability of polymer containing such amines is unacceptable. On the other hand the n value may be 200 or higher, e.g., 450, without noticeably affecting the properties of the resulting filaments. In order to attain tertiary amines having high n values it may be necessary to employ chain extending agents such as 2,2-bis(4-hydr0xyphenyl)propane.
• the tertiary amines are easily prepared by reacting a dialkyl secondary amine with the desired amount of alkylene oxide under alkoxylation conditions.
• the tertiary amines may be blended with any polymer which is compatible therewith.
• linear synthetic fiber-forming polyamides i.e., polymers consisting essentially of recurring units of the structure which are separated from one another by at least two carbon atoms.
• These polyamides are well known in the art and are in general formed by reacting substantially equimolar amounts of diamines and dicarboxylic acids, various amino acids, amide-forming derivatives of these diamines and acids or combinations thereof.
• polyamides are the saturated aliphatic polycarbonamide and include polyhexamethylene adipamide, polycaprolactam and the like.
• the polyamide filaments of the present invention may contain in addition to the tertiary amine delustrants, antioxidants, brighteners, viscosity stabilizers, plasticizers and the like.
• a static resistant melt spun synthetic saturated aliphatic polycarbonamide filament containing as a separate phase from 1% to 15% by weight, based on the weight the polyamide, of an amine of the structure 3.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=21888675

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (13)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (2)

• 1970
  • 1970-05-11 US US36451A patent/US3654235A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1971
  • 1971-05-07 NL NL7106283A patent/NL7106283A/xx unknown
  • 1971-05-07 ES ES390950A patent/ES390950A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1971-05-10 BR BR2795/71A patent/BR7102795D0/pt unknown
  • 1971-05-10 BE BE766957A patent/BE766957A/xx unknown
  • 1971-05-10 DE DE19712123062 patent/DE2123062A1/de active Pending
  • 1971-05-10 CA CA112637A patent/CA936637A/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-05-10 JP JP3056371A patent/JPS537975B1/ja active Pending
  • 1971-05-10 CH CH689071A patent/CH515348A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1971-05-10 LU LU63139D patent/LU63139A1/xx unknown
  • 1971-05-10 IL IL36805A patent/IL36805A/en unknown
  • 1971-05-10 FR FR7116804A patent/FR2091404A5/fr not_active Expired
  • 1971-05-10 GB GB1297722D patent/GB1297722A/en not_active Expired

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