US3653326A - Wads for cartridges - Google Patents

Wads for cartridges Download PDF

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Publication number
US3653326A
US3653326A US8542A US3653326DA US3653326A US 3653326 A US3653326 A US 3653326A US 8542 A US8542 A US 8542A US 3653326D A US3653326D A US 3653326DA US 3653326 A US3653326 A US 3653326A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wad
leaves
cartridge
shot
powder charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US8542A
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English (en)
Inventor
Peter John Howsam
John Dalton Barton
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3653326A publication Critical patent/US3653326A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B7/00—Shotgun ammunition
    • F42B7/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with propellant charge and missile
    • F42B7/08—Wads, i.e. projectile or shot carrying devices, therefor

Definitions

  • the invention is for an improved wad for cartridges particularly shotgun cartridges.
  • the invention is concerned with an overwad for use with a cartridge in which there is a cylindrical case having at one end priming means.
  • a powder charge is inserted into the cylindrical cartridge case and the wad of the kind for which the present invention is concerned is then inserted into the cartridge case over the powder charge and is provided with a shot pouch.
  • the shot is inserted into the pouch and the open end of the cylindrical cartridge case is then crimped over or otherwise closed.
  • an overwad of the kind with which the present invention is concerned must provide a cover for the powder charge and an effective seal with the interior walls of the barrel of the shotgun in order to prevent the escape of gas and thus to utilise the gas expansion when the powder charge is ignited to obtain the maximum propulsive force.
  • the wad of the kind with which the present invention is concerned retains the shot in the pouch until the wad has left the muzzle of the barrel whereupon the wad is retarded in its forward flight due to contact with the air enabling the shot to continue in its forward flight and leave the pouch.
  • the present invention provides a one piece wad for a shotgun cartridge of the kind referred to formed of a synthetic plastics material and having a cylindrical portion with a closed recess at one end for forming a cover for a powder charge and to seal said charge against the walls of a cartridge case, a shot pouch portion formed by at least two leaves which are formed as part of the surfaces of a cone, said leaves being secured to the cylindrical portion or an extension thereof at one end and tapering outwardly towards the opposite end of the wad, said leaves being separated from each other in the axial direction, the edges of adjacent leaves at the separation being inclined to the radius of the wad and adapted so that the leaves may over lie each other to form a cylindrical outer surface for the shot charge portion while in the cartridge case and in the barrel of a shotgun.
  • a resilient or less rigid formation between the shot pouch portion and the powder charge portion which cushions or absorbs some of the recoil of the explosion when the powder charge is exploded by the priming means.
  • the resilient or less rigid formation between the shot pouch and the powder charge portion may consist of an area of outer structure so that when explosion takes place this area of outer structure is able to collapse and provide cushioning.
  • the collapse may either be in the longitudinal direction or alternatively the said area may be provided with weakened lines on one side thereof so as to encourage a rotational force during the collapsing action.
  • FIG. l is a side view of a wad according to the present invention.
  • HQ 2 is a cross sectional view of FIG. 1,
  • FIGv 3 is a perspective view of a wad according to the present invention and HG. l is a plan view,
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a wad according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fit ⁇ . 6 is a side view thereof
  • MG. 7 is a plan view thereof
  • Fl G. 8 is a cross sectional view thereof and FIG. 9 is a cross sectional view on the line 99 of FIG. 8.
  • a powder charge cover portion 1 is pro ⁇ ided with a closed recess 6 to overlie the powder charge when the wad is inserted into a cartridge case.
  • the wad according to the present invention is made as a one piece moulding of synthetic plastics material.
  • a cylindrical portion 2 extends between the powder charge portion 1 and four leaves 4 each formed as part of the surface of a cone and separated from each other by separation lines 5. The interior of the wad defined by the four leaves 4 forms a shot charge pouch 7.
  • Apertures 3 are formed in the otherwise solid body 2 of the wad to provide areas of weakness between the shot charge pouch 7 and the powder charge 6 to enable a cushioning or resilient effect to occur between the pouch 7 and the charge 6, thus reducing the ef fect of recoil when the powder charge is ignited.
  • the separation lines 5 are defined by edges 4a and 4b of the opposite edges of the leaves 4.
  • the edges 4:: and 4b are adapted to overlie each other as illustrated in FIG. 4 and are formed with a chanifer or surface inclined to the radius of the cylindrical form of the wad to ensure that as the outer end of the wad is formed from conical to cylindrical the edges readily meet with each other and overlie each other.
  • a wad according to the present invention when emerging from a barrel of a shotgun will enable the wad to be retarded quickly by the leaves opening out to adopt their conical form thus enabling the shot in the pouch 7 to continue undisturbed in its forward flight As the wad at the muzzle hits the resistance of the air the leaves will be bent back and the wad fall to the ground comparatively soon after emerging from the barrelv By virtue of the leaves overlapping each other as illustrated in FIG. 47 it is apparent that the shot cannot come into contact with the interior walls of the barrel. It will also be appreciated that the internal barrel diameter of a shotgun can vary with a range of 0.40 inches for a 12 bore gun according to present United Kingdom laws.
  • the diameter of a shotgun barrel can vary with a range of a permissible upper and lower limit. Accordingly with the present invention the wad having overlapping leaves is able to conform to these variations and still maintain both an adequate seal and form a wholly closed pouch for the shot.
  • the shot on emerging from the pouch 7 at the muzzle is undamaged as a result of the explosion of the charge or its passage up the barrel.
  • the charge located in the recess portion 7 forces the sides of the wad l outwardly thus increasing the effective seal between the interior walls of the barrel, shotgun and the said recess portion 6 when explosion occurs.
  • a wad according to the present invention may be moulded as one piece of synthetic plastics material and the separation lines 5 formed thereafter.
  • a powder charge portion 1 has four webs 9 forming a cross extending upwardly thereon and being surmounted by the leaves 4 which are separated by the lines 5.
  • the webs 9 are provided with a radially extending line 10 of weakened form as seen more particularly in FIGS. 5-9 so that when the wad is in use and the explosion of the powder charge occurs there is a tendency for the webs 9 to collapse and for the base of the shot pouch to approach the powder charge cover portion 1 by the webs rotating as well as collapsing in the longitudinal direction.
  • the leaves 4 desirably taper from the outer edge 40 to increase in thickness to their root 4b. Adjustment of the taper gives control to the speed of opening of the leaves after leaving the barrel and hence effect the tightness of the shot pattern.
  • a one piece wad formed of synthetic plastic, adapted for insertion within a substantially cylindrical cartridge case. comprismg:
  • a cylindrical portion with a closed recess at one end for forming a cover for a powder charge and to seal said charge against the walls of the cartridge case;
  • a shot pouch portion formed by at least two leaves, each leaf having the form ofa portion of the surface of a truncated cone, the leaves being secured to said cylindrical portion;
  • said adjacent leaves having said adjacent edges overlapping when said wad is inserted into said substantially cylindrical cartridge and forming a first circumference around the upper edge of said leaves conforming to the inner diameter of said cartridge, and said leaves having a second expanded circumference around said upper edge of said leaves when not constrained by said cartridge.
  • a wad as described in claim 1 having an area of reduced strength between the shot pouch portion and the cylindrical powder charge portion.
  • a wad as described in claim 2 wherein said area of reduced strength consists of material having parts removed therefrom to form structurally weakened areas.
  • a wad as described in claim 1 formed by an injection molding process of synthetic plastic material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
US8542A 1969-02-12 1970-02-04 Wads for cartridges Expired - Lifetime US3653326A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB748069 1969-02-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3653326A true US3653326A (en) 1972-04-04

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US8542A Expired - Lifetime US3653326A (en) 1969-02-12 1970-02-04 Wads for cartridges

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US (1) US3653326A (da)
GB (1) GB1226233A (da)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4782759A (en) * 1987-06-30 1988-11-08 Hawk Walter J Dual sealed composite wad structure
US5874689A (en) * 1997-06-02 1999-02-23 Federal Cartridge Company Shot pouch
US5979330A (en) * 1998-01-23 1999-11-09 Cornell; John S. Integrated one-piece plastic shotshell wad
US20100101444A1 (en) * 2008-10-27 2010-04-29 Schluckebier David K Wad with ignition chamber
US7707942B1 (en) * 2004-04-27 2010-05-04 Olin Corporation Projectile wad for ammunition cartridges
US7743709B2 (en) 2006-10-28 2010-06-29 Integrity Ballistics, Llc Sabot for elastomeric projectile
US20100192794A1 (en) * 2009-02-02 2010-08-05 R.A. Brands, L.L.C. Shotshell wad with shot confinement feature
US20110017090A1 (en) * 2005-11-17 2011-01-27 Menefee Iii James Y Wad-less cartridges and method of manufacturing the same
US8800449B2 (en) 2008-10-27 2014-08-12 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Wad with ignition chamber
US20150176954A1 (en) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Shot cup wad

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3190220A (en) * 1964-12-28 1965-06-22 Alcan Company Inc Shot receptacle
US3217648A (en) * 1962-10-08 1965-11-16 Remington Arms Co Inc Combination wad column and shot liner
US3266421A (en) * 1962-06-25 1966-08-16 Ronald W Comerford Pouch-wad
US3285174A (en) * 1965-05-28 1966-11-15 Olin Mathieson Wad and shot protector device
US3405638A (en) * 1968-01-22 1968-10-15 James A. Stoner Jr. Tracer vehicle wad structure

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3266421A (en) * 1962-06-25 1966-08-16 Ronald W Comerford Pouch-wad
US3217648A (en) * 1962-10-08 1965-11-16 Remington Arms Co Inc Combination wad column and shot liner
US3190220A (en) * 1964-12-28 1965-06-22 Alcan Company Inc Shot receptacle
US3285174A (en) * 1965-05-28 1966-11-15 Olin Mathieson Wad and shot protector device
US3405638A (en) * 1968-01-22 1968-10-15 James A. Stoner Jr. Tracer vehicle wad structure

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Trap & Field Magazine; April 1966; p. 19; Verelite Wads *

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4782759A (en) * 1987-06-30 1988-11-08 Hawk Walter J Dual sealed composite wad structure
US5874689A (en) * 1997-06-02 1999-02-23 Federal Cartridge Company Shot pouch
US5979330A (en) * 1998-01-23 1999-11-09 Cornell; John S. Integrated one-piece plastic shotshell wad
US20100126371A1 (en) * 2004-04-27 2010-05-27 Olin Corporation Projectile wad for ammunition cartridges
US7707942B1 (en) * 2004-04-27 2010-05-04 Olin Corporation Projectile wad for ammunition cartridges
US20110017090A1 (en) * 2005-11-17 2011-01-27 Menefee Iii James Y Wad-less cartridges and method of manufacturing the same
US8276519B2 (en) 2005-11-17 2012-10-02 Polywad, Inc. Wad-less cartridges and method of manufacturing the same
US7743709B2 (en) 2006-10-28 2010-06-29 Integrity Ballistics, Llc Sabot for elastomeric projectile
US7954409B1 (en) 2006-10-28 2011-06-07 Integrity Ballistics, Llc Loading system and method for elastic projectile
US20110154978A1 (en) * 2006-10-28 2011-06-30 Integrity Ballistics Llc Loading system and method for elastic projectile
US20100101444A1 (en) * 2008-10-27 2010-04-29 Schluckebier David K Wad with ignition chamber
US8220393B2 (en) 2008-10-27 2012-07-17 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Wad with ignition chamber
US8800449B2 (en) 2008-10-27 2014-08-12 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Wad with ignition chamber
US9500453B2 (en) 2008-10-27 2016-11-22 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Wad with ignition chamber
US20100192794A1 (en) * 2009-02-02 2010-08-05 R.A. Brands, L.L.C. Shotshell wad with shot confinement feature
US8555785B2 (en) 2009-02-02 2013-10-15 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Shotshell wad with shot confinement feature
US20150176954A1 (en) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Shot cup wad
US9778002B2 (en) * 2013-12-20 2017-10-03 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Shot cup wad

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1226233A (da) 1971-03-24

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