US3653303A - Guide means for a piston in a cylinder - Google Patents

Guide means for a piston in a cylinder Download PDF

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Publication number
US3653303A
US3653303A US30420A US3653303DA US3653303A US 3653303 A US3653303 A US 3653303A US 30420 A US30420 A US 30420A US 3653303D A US3653303D A US 3653303DA US 3653303 A US3653303 A US 3653303A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
ring
guide
compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US30420A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alfred Zurcher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer AG filed Critical Sulzer AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3653303A publication Critical patent/US3653303A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/005—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers obtained by assembling several pieces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0865—Oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/0882—Carbon, e.g. graphite

Definitions

  • GUIDE MEANS FOR A PISTON IN A CYLINDER This invention relates to piston compressors. More particularly, this invention relates to piston compressors having a piston mounted in spaced relation to a cylinder. Still more particularly, this invention relates to a means for guiding a piston in a cylinder during abnormal operating conditions.
  • Compressors have been known in which pistons have been spaced from a surrounding cylinder with substantially no physical contact between the piston and cylinder. This spacing apart of the piston from the cylinder has usually been achieved by means of a gas bearing which operates so that in the event the piston assumes an off-center position, the different gas pressures operative in the gaps of different widths between the piston and the cylinder automatically return the piston to a central position.
  • a gas bearing which operates so that in the event the piston assumes an off-center position, the different gas pressures operative in the gaps of different widths between the piston and the cylinder automatically return the piston to a central position.
  • abnormal operating conditions may occur in which the gas bearing is inoperative, e.g., on starting, due to the absence of gas pressure, or, in the case of normal operation, due to unilateral heating of the piston rod. When these conditions occur, the piston can become deflected or skewed into contact with the cylinder. Upon subsequent reciprocation of the piston, wear will occur on the piston and/or cylinder. This
  • the invention provides the piston of a piston compressor in which the piston is in reciprocal and spaced relation to a cylinder with a guide means which is positioned on the piston so that during abnormal operating conditions, should the piston skew, the guide means comes into sliding contact with the cylinder while maintaining the piston out of contact with the cylinder.
  • the guide means can be in the form of a split ring which has grooves in the outer periphery to connect the end faces of the ring to equalize the pressures on those faces as well as radial holes to equalize the pressures between the inside and outside of the ring.
  • the guide ring Since the guide ring is to contact the cylinder, the guide ring is made of a suitable antifriction material such as a selflubricating plastic. To this end, the ring can be made of Teflon.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a vertical section through a single stage compressor having a single acting piston with a guide means according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a sectional view of the piston of FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a view of a guide ring according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a plan view of the ring of FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a view of a double acting piston with a guide ring according to the invention.
  • the single stage compressor has a casing 1 which houses a crank shaft 2 which drives a piston 7 via a connecting rod 4, a crosshead 5 and piston rod 6.
  • the piston rod 6 is guided in a guide for the crosshead 5 as well as in a straight guide 8.
  • the piston rod 6 is sealingly mounted in a piston rod seal or bush 9, as is known, for example, in a plurality of labyrinth graphite rings.
  • the piston 7 is further disposed concentrically within a cylinder 10 in spaced circumferential relation so as to avoid physical contact therewith.
  • the cylinder 10 communicates with a compression chamber 11 above the piston 7 to which an inlet duct 13 and a delivery duct 15 are connected by suitable inlet and outlet valves 12, 14 respectively.
  • the piston 7 has a number of sealing rings 20, the outer peripheries of which are provided with labyrinths. These sealing rings alternate with rings 21 which are situated on a bush 22 surrounding the piston 7 and which engage over the labyrinth sealing rings 20 by means of shoulders and thus define the outside diameter of the sealing rings 20.
  • the bush 22 also carries a conical ring 23 on the bottom end which serves to center the piston 7 aerodynamically when the compressor is in operation.
  • the piston 7 also carries a guide means at the top in the form of a split ring 25.
  • the split ring 25 has a plurality of axial grooves 26 -on the outer periphery which interconnect the two end faces of the ring 25 so as to equalize the pressures above and below the ring 25.
  • the ring 25 has a thicker portion 27 at the bottom end than the remainder of the ring 25 which is thinwalled. This thicker portion 27 forms a shoulder which, for reasons associated with thermal expansion, is as short as possible in an axial direction and is retained axially by means of a bush 28 and a nut 29 threaded on the piston 7.
  • the ring 25 also has holes 30 which extend radially from the base of the grooves 26 and provide for pressure equalization between the inside and outside of the ring 25.
  • the ring 25 is made of a material which has good dry running properties, e.g., polytetrafluorosthylene (Teflon), and may have inclusions of graphite or other substances.
  • Teflon polytetrafluorosthylene
  • the wall thickness S of the ring 25 is made as thin as possible in relation to the diameter D of the ring 25.
  • the ring 24 guides the piston 7 without performing any sealing function. Since there is always an equalization of the pressures above and below the ring 25 by way of the axial grooves 26, the sealing function is carried out by the sealing rings 20. Further, since the ring 25 is slotted, there is practically no radial expansion of the ring 25 due to heating.
  • the guide ring 25 slidingly contacts the cylinder 10 while maintaining the piston 7 out of contact. After the pressure has been built up, the gas flow can be relied on to center the piston 7 in the cylinder 10. At this time, the ring 25 moves out of contact with the cylinder 10.
  • a guide ring 25 is mounted in the middle of the piston between a pair of labyrinth sealing rings 20.
  • a conical centering ring 23' is mounted on each end of the piston in order to aerodynamically center the piston during operation.
  • other means can be used to center the piston by means of the compressed gas.
  • guide ring 25 is not restricted to those pistons having labyrinth sealing rings but can also be applied to piston compressors whose pistons are themselves constructed as labyrinth pistons, i.e., in which the labyrinths are formed in the piston wall.
  • the invention thus provides a guide means which prevents a piston from contacting and sliding against a cylinder.
  • the guide means in the form of a split ring can be easily manufactured and installed in place with a minimum of effort.
  • the invention provides a guide means which serves to protect the sealing rings of a piston against wear and damage should the piston skew out of alignment within the cylinder in which the piston is mounted in spaced relation.
  • a reciprocal piston disposed within said cylinder is spaced concentric relation
  • a thin-walled split guide ring mounted on said piston and being of an outer diameter less than the inner diameter of said cylinder to guide said piston in said cylinder while maintaining said piston and labyrinth seal means out of contact with said cylinder in response to skewing of said piston in said cylinder,said guide ring having grooves in the outer periphery thereof communicating the end faces of said ring with each other.
  • a piston compressor having a cylinder, a piston reciprocally mounted in spaced concentric relation to said cylinder, and labyrinth sealing means on said piston in spaced concentric relation to said cylinder; a guide ring on said piston for guding said piston in said cylinder while preventing contact of said piston and said sealing means with said cylinder, said ring being of an outer diameter less than the inner diameter of said cylinder thereat and having grooves therein communicating the end faces of said ring with each other.
  • said guide ring is mounted at the opposite end 7.
  • said 1 piston is a double acting piston having a centering means mounted at the opposite ends thereof and said guide ring is mounted intermediately of said ends.
  • a piston-type compressor having a cylinder defining a bore, a gas supported piston within said bore and labyrinth seal means on said piston; a split thin walled guide ring mounted on said piston in fixed axial relation and in radially movable relation, a plurality of axial passages extending along said guide ring and a plurality of radial passages extending through said guide rings for pressure equalization, said guide ring having a minimum clearance with respect to said cylinder bore whereby in normal operation of the compressor said guide ring is spaced from said cylinder bore and upon skewing of said piston said guide ring contacts said cylinder bore to guide said piston in said cylinder bore with said seal means spaced from said cylinder bore.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
US30420A 1969-04-24 1970-04-21 Guide means for a piston in a cylinder Expired - Lifetime US3653303A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH622969A CH506711A (de) 1969-04-24 1969-04-24 Kolbenkompressor mit im wesentlich berührungsfrei im Zylinder arbeitenden Kolben

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3653303A true US3653303A (en) 1972-04-04

Family

ID=4306287

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US30420A Expired - Lifetime US3653303A (en) 1969-04-24 1970-04-21 Guide means for a piston in a cylinder

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3653303A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5013487B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH506711A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1923295A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2046452A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1259755A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL155918B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3974745A (en) * 1973-07-30 1976-08-17 Godmaire Roland A Piston for compressor
US4041924A (en) * 1974-10-09 1977-08-16 Societe Anonyme Automobiles Citroen Reciprocating internal combustion engine
US4304410A (en) * 1979-09-20 1981-12-08 Kobe, Inc. Sealing structure for reciprocating pistons exposed to high pressure differentials
US5073082A (en) * 1989-04-20 1991-12-17 Radlik Karl August Hydraulic screw pump
CN102753839A (zh) * 2010-02-15 2012-10-24 萱场工业株式会社 流体压缸
US8656895B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2014-02-25 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
US8720317B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2014-05-13 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
US8899192B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2014-12-02 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
US9097203B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2015-08-04 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
US9169797B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2015-10-27 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
WO2017199910A1 (ja) * 2016-05-16 2017-11-23 株式会社日本製鋼所 ラビリンスシール構造
US10215229B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2019-02-26 Etagen, Inc. Mechanism for maintaining a clearance gap
CN112005010A (zh) * 2018-04-19 2020-11-27 塞拉股份有限公司 压缩机设备和压缩方法
US10985641B2 (en) 2018-07-24 2021-04-20 Mainspring Energy, Inc. Linear electromagnetic machine system with bearing housings having pressurized gas
US12255514B2 (en) 2021-07-30 2025-03-18 Mainspring Energy, Inc. Systems and methods for flexure-based bearing mounting

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5124072U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1974-08-12 1976-02-21
JPS5124692U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1974-08-12 1976-02-23
JPS54128389U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1978-02-27 1979-09-06
JPS5566301U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1978-11-01 1980-05-07
US7721641B2 (en) 2004-05-21 2010-05-25 Us Airflow Air compression apparatus and method of use
US8657588B2 (en) 2006-11-08 2014-02-25 Us Airflow Compression apparatus
JP6577343B2 (ja) * 2015-11-17 2019-09-18 株式会社日本製鋼所 ラビリンスピストン式往復動圧縮機

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3035879A (en) * 1958-03-14 1962-05-22 Sulzer Ag Means for centering the piston of a piston compressor
US3155015A (en) * 1961-01-30 1964-11-03 Garlock Inc Piston bearing-reinforced plastic wear ring
US3447427A (en) * 1967-08-08 1969-06-03 Cooper Ind Inc Piston rider ring

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3035879A (en) * 1958-03-14 1962-05-22 Sulzer Ag Means for centering the piston of a piston compressor
US3155015A (en) * 1961-01-30 1964-11-03 Garlock Inc Piston bearing-reinforced plastic wear ring
US3447427A (en) * 1967-08-08 1969-06-03 Cooper Ind Inc Piston rider ring

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3974745A (en) * 1973-07-30 1976-08-17 Godmaire Roland A Piston for compressor
US4041924A (en) * 1974-10-09 1977-08-16 Societe Anonyme Automobiles Citroen Reciprocating internal combustion engine
US4304410A (en) * 1979-09-20 1981-12-08 Kobe, Inc. Sealing structure for reciprocating pistons exposed to high pressure differentials
US5073082A (en) * 1989-04-20 1991-12-17 Radlik Karl August Hydraulic screw pump
CN102753839A (zh) * 2010-02-15 2012-10-24 萱场工业株式会社 流体压缸
US9784291B2 (en) 2010-02-15 2017-10-10 Kyb Corporation Fluid pressure cylinder
US8720317B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2014-05-13 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
USRE49259E1 (en) 2011-12-29 2022-10-25 Mainspring Energy, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
US8899192B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2014-12-02 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
US9004038B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2015-04-14 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
US9097203B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2015-08-04 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
US9169797B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2015-10-27 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
US8656895B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2014-02-25 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
US8770090B2 (en) * 2011-12-29 2014-07-08 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
US10006401B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2018-06-26 Etagen, Inc. Methods and systems for managing a clearance gap in a piston engine
US10215229B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2019-02-26 Etagen, Inc. Mechanism for maintaining a clearance gap
WO2017199910A1 (ja) * 2016-05-16 2017-11-23 株式会社日本製鋼所 ラビリンスシール構造
CN112005010A (zh) * 2018-04-19 2020-11-27 塞拉股份有限公司 压缩机设备和压缩方法
US20210164455A1 (en) * 2018-04-19 2021-06-03 Sera Gmbh Compressor Device and Compression Method
CN112005010B (zh) * 2018-04-19 2023-10-10 塞拉股份有限公司 压缩机设备和压缩方法
US12098711B2 (en) * 2018-04-19 2024-09-24 Sera Gmbh Compressor device and compression method
US10985641B2 (en) 2018-07-24 2021-04-20 Mainspring Energy, Inc. Linear electromagnetic machine system with bearing housings having pressurized gas
US11616428B2 (en) 2018-07-24 2023-03-28 Mainspring Energy, Inc. Linear electromagnetic machine system
US12255514B2 (en) 2021-07-30 2025-03-18 Mainspring Energy, Inc. Systems and methods for flexure-based bearing mounting

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH506711A (de) 1971-04-30
GB1259755A (en) 1972-01-12
NL155918B (nl) 1978-02-15
DE1923295A1 (de) 1971-01-07
JPS5013487B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-05-20
NL6908490A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-10-27
FR2046452A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-03-05

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