US3651791A - System for controlling fuel supply to an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

System for controlling fuel supply to an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3651791A
US3651791A US47530A US3651791DA US3651791A US 3651791 A US3651791 A US 3651791A US 47530 A US47530 A US 47530A US 3651791D A US3651791D A US 3651791DA US 3651791 A US3651791 A US 3651791A
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United States
Prior art keywords
pressure
engine
diaphragm
intake manifold
fuel supply
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Expired - Lifetime
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US47530A
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English (en)
Inventor
Hisanori Kobayashi
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Denso Corp
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NipponDenso Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/005—Arrangement of electrical wires and connections, e.g. wire harness, sockets, plugs; Arrangement of electronic control circuits in or on fuel injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically specially for low-pressure fuel-injection

Definitions

  • the device has bellows operable in [22] June 1970 response to variation in absolute pressure value within the in- 211 App], 47,530 take manifold in normal operation of the engine to cause a core to move relative to an electrical coil so that electrical signals are emitted to cause the amount of fuel supply to be m fl" Alipucamm D913 controlled in accordance with the state of engine operation Aug. 7, i969 Japan ..44/62466 represented by the Pressure within the intake manifold'
  • the device also has a diaphragm operable in response to variation [52] U511" "123/32 EA, 123/1401? in pressure differential of more than a predetermined value [51] Int. Cl.
  • the present invention relates generally to a system for controlling fuel supply to an internal combustion engine and, particularly, to a device for sensing an under-pressure within an air inlet pipe of such engine to electrically actuate the fuel injection valves of the engine so that controlled amount of fuel is supplied to the combustion chambers of the engine.
  • the output of the engine is generally controlled by a throttle valve which is operable to adjust the flow of air to be taken into the engine.
  • a throttle valve which is operable to adjust the flow of air to be taken into the engine.
  • fuel of an amount appropriate for the flow of air adjusted by the throttle valve.
  • the ratio of the air flow relative to the amount of fuel is required to be variable with the purposes of the operation of the engine.
  • the output characteristic of the internal combustion engine for use with a vehicle such as a motorcar is such that it is desired to supply air and fuel at a mixing ratio which would provide lean mixture when a lesser output of the engine is sufficient as is in a normal operation of the motorcar, whereas it is required to operate the engine in a manner to produce as large an output as possible rather than in a manner to obtain an economical operation of the engine when the motorcar is to be accelerated.
  • the air flow adjusted by a throttle valve is in proportion to the absolute pressure within the air inlet pipe and the rotation of the engine.
  • the fuel supply system of the engine may preferably be actuated by an electrical signal in accordance with the pressure within the intake manifold of the engine.
  • an electrical signal has heretofore been obtained by use of a vacuumed bellows member or members.
  • the range of the mixing ratio of the air flow relative to the amount of fuel may be obtainable by use of an appropriate auxiliary means such as an electrical circuit including a switch which is operable in response to the opening of the throttle valve or a decrease in the pressure within the intake manifold of the engine to emit an electrical signal by means of which the quantity of the fuel supply is increased.
  • an appropriate auxiliary means such as an electrical circuit including a switch which is operable in response to the opening of the throttle valve or a decrease in the pressure within the intake manifold of the engine to emit an electrical signal by means of which the quantity of the fuel supply is increased.
  • such ratio is obtained by use of the above-mentioned vacuumed bellows members operated so as to have non-linear operative characteristic.
  • a device of the present invention which comprises means operable in response to variation in absolute pressure value within an intake manifold of an internal combustion engine to cause the amount of fuel supply to the engine to be controlled so as to provide the maximum thermal efficiency for the engine during normal operation thereof, means operable in response to variation in pressure differential of more than a predetermined value between the pressure within said intake manifold and the atmospheric pressure to mechanically shift the normally operating position of said absolute pressure variation responsive means in a direction in which the fuel supply is increased, said predetermined value of said pressure differential being set to represent the state of the engine which requires a greater output of the engine to be produced, and transducer means, such as electrical ones, for transforming the movement of said absolute pressure variation responsive means into signals to be fed to fuel supply adjusting means, such as fuel injection valves, on the engine.
  • the absolute pressure variation responsive means may comprise at least one axially expansible bellows member axially movably mounted within a hermetically sealed chamber defined by a housing of said sensing device.
  • the pressure differential variation responsive means may comprise a diaphragm member extending within said housing radially thereof and partly serving to define said chamber and partly serving to define another chamber within said housing.
  • the transducer means may comprise a core member mechanically connected to one side face of said bellows member and being axially movable thereby.
  • the transducer means may also comprise a stationary electrical coil member mounted on the wall of said housing and extending around said core member in radially closely spaced relationship thereto.
  • the present invention also contemplates to provide a system for controlling fuel supply to an internal combustion engine which system includes a pressure sensing device as specified in the above.
  • FIG. l is a schematic illustration of an embodiment of the system for controlling fuel supply to an internal combustion engine according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged and detailed illustration, partly in section, of a part of the system shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a graphical illustration of the characteristic of the operation of the part of the system shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. ll of the drawings there is schematically illustrated a part of an internal combustion engine including a combustion chamber 1, an air inlet valve 2 and an intake manifold 3 in which a throttle valve 4 is adjustably provided.
  • An air cleaner 5 having an air intake pipe 6 is mounted on the intake manifold 3 at the outer end thereof.
  • An electrically controlled fuel injection valve 7 is mounted on the intake manifold 3. The valve 7 is supplied with fuel from a fuel supply conduit 11 which leads to a supply source of the fuel such as a fuel pump (not shown).
  • a conduit 8 is connected at one end to the intake manifold 3 between the fuel injection valve 7 and the throttle valve 4 therein.
  • a device 10 is connected to the conduit 8 at its other end for sensing the air pressure within the intake manifold 3 exposed to the pressure detecting device 10.
  • the pressure detecting device 10 is opened to the atmospheric pressure preferably through a conduit 9 interconnecting the detecting device 10 and the air cleaner 5.
  • the pressure detecting device 10 is adapted to compare the air pressure within the intake manifold 3 with the atmospheric pressure within the air cleaner and provides electrical output signals which are fed through a line 12 to an adjuster 13 which in turn supplies adjusted electrical output signals through lines 14 to respective fuel injection valves 7 so that the opening and closing operations of these injection valves are electrically controlled to permit the fuel in the conduit 11 to be introduced into respective engine cylinders.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates, partly in section, the details of the construction of the pressure detecting device 10.
  • the pressure detecting device comprises a generally cylindrical housing 15 closed by a convex closure cap 16 and a flat closure plate 17 both hermetically secured to the opposite end faces of the housing 15 by means of fastening screws 36 and 27, respectively.
  • the housing has an integral transverse partition wall 15a which divides the interior of the housing into two chambers 15b and 150.
  • Another chamber 161: is defined by the closure cap 16 and a diaphragm 30 having its peripheral edge hermetically fastened between the inner surface of the cap 16 and the corresponding outer end face of the housing 15.
  • the diaphragm 30 carries on the opposite sides a pair of dish-like washers 31 and 32 which are hermetically assembled together with the diaphragm 30 by means of a central shaft 33 extending axially through these members.
  • the diaphragm 30 also serves to partly define the chamber 15b.
  • the housing 15 is provided therein with a second transverse wall 28 formed therein with a plurality of apertures 28a and having outer peripheral edge in engagement with an annular shoulder formed on the inner surface of the housing.
  • the apertured wall 28 has a central hollow tubular portion 28b extending axially toward the dish-like washer 31 on the diaphragm 30.
  • the central shaft 33 has an enlarged diameter portion axially extending loosely into the tubular portion 28b.
  • the enlarged diameter portion has its end face formed with a concave spherical recess 33a therein for the purpose which will become apparent later.
  • a compression coil spring 29 extends around the tubular portion 28b between the apertured wall 28 and the dish-like washer 31 so as to resiliently bias the diaphragm 30 leftwards as viewed in FIG. 2.
  • An adjustable stop 34 is screwed down through the wall of the closure cap 16 into chamber 160 and is set in a proper position by means of a check nut 35.
  • the above-mentioned conduit 9 is connected to the closure cap 16 so that the chamber 160 is in communication with the interior of the air cleaner 5 by means of the conduit 9.
  • an axial shaft 21 having an outer end extending axially outwardly through a central opening in the wall 15a into the chamber 150.
  • the outer end of the shaft 21 carries thereon a core 22.
  • An electrical coil 24 is mounted in the chamber 15c in radially closely spaced relationship to the core 22 on the shaft 21.
  • the coil 24 has terminals 26 hermetically extending outwardly through an electrically insulating plug 25 on the closure plate 17 and are electrically connected to the adjuster 13 by means of the line 12.
  • the coil 24 constitutes a displacement transducer which produces an electrical signal or output voltage across its terminal 26 according to a given displacement of the core 22.
  • the shaft 21 is connected at its inner end with a dish-like washer to which is secured one end face ofa first axially expansible bellows member 18b the other end face of which is connected through an axial member to one end face of a second axially expansible bellows member 18a which in turn is secured at the other end face to a shaft 19 having a rounded outer end detachably received in the aforestated spherical recess 33a in the inner end face of the diaphragm shaft 33.
  • a compression coil spring 23 extends around the shafi 21 between the housing wall 15a and the dish-like washer 20 so as to impart axial force to the bellows members 18b and 18:: toward the diaphragm 30 or, in other words, in a direction in which these bellows members are restrained from axially expanding.
  • conduit 8 is connected to the housing 15 so that the chamber 15b is in communication with the interior of the intake manifold 3 by means of the conduit 8.
  • the pressure within the intake manifold 3 of the engine is led through the conduit 8 to the chamber 15b.
  • the pressure is exerted to one side of the diaphragm 30.
  • the pressure within the air cleaner 5, which pressure is substantially equal to atmospheric pressure is led to the chamber 16a through the conduit 9 and exerted to the other side ofthe diaphragm 30.
  • the fuel within the fuel conduit 11 is pressurized up to a predetermined pressure level by a fuel pump (not shown) and is arriving at the fuel injection valves 7.
  • the adjuster 13 is supplied with signals related to the rotation of the engine by a means (not shown).
  • the detector 10 detects the change in the pressure within the conduit 8 and, thus within the intake manifold 3 as caused by adjustment of the position of the throttle valve 4.
  • the detector 10 is operable to transform the pressure change into an electrical signal which is also fed to the adjuster 13 which in turn determines, in accordance with the two kinds of input signals, the period of time during which a third electrical signal is to be fed to the fuel injection valves 7 so as to cause the fuel to be injected thereby.
  • the adjuster 13 feeds to the fuel injection valves 7 the third signal which is durable for the determined period of time. It will therefore be appreciated that the adjuster 13 controls the quantity of the fuel to be injected by the fuel injection valves 7.
  • the bellows members 18a and 18b will axially displace the core 22 to a position in which the amount of the pressure change equilibrates with the axially biasing force of the coil spring 23 between the bellows washer 20 and the housing wall 15a.
  • the bellows members 18a and 18b are axially collapsed to displace the core 22 leftwards as viewed in FIG. 2 relative to the coil 24 so that the latter will emit electrical signals whereby the quantity of the fuel to be injected is increased.
  • the diaphragm 30 and the coil spring 29 are so arranged that the diaphragm 30 and its central shaft 33 are forced rightwards as viewed in FIG. 2 to urge the diaphragm washer 31 against the end face of the tubular portion 28b of the apertured wall 28 by the pressure differential between the atmospheric pressure within the chamber 16a and the pressure within the chamber 15b when the pressure difierential is more than a predetermined value, for example, 100 mm. Hg.
  • the resiliency of the diaphragm 30 is so determined that the axially rightward force of the diaphragm is greater than the axially leftward force produced by the spring 29 to thereby urge the diaphragm washer 31 against the tubular portion 2811 (as shown in FIG.
  • the pressure within the intake manifold 3 is increased up to a value which is differentiated from the atmospheric pressure value by less than 100 mm. Hg, that is, up to a value 660 plus AP.
  • Hg the air pressures acting on both sides of the diaphragm 30 have a reduced pressure differential so that the axially leftward biassing force of the diaphragm spring 29 overcomes the axially rightward force of the diaphragm 30 as produced by the reduced pressure differential to thereby cause the diaphragm and the concave spherical bearing recess 33a in the diaphragm shaft 33 to be moved leftwards as viewed in FIG. 2 to a position in which an equilibrium is obtained.
  • the diaphragm 30 When the pressure within the intake manifold 3 is increased to be equal with the atmospheric pressure, the diaphragm 30 does not have an axially rightward force produced by the pressure difference and thus is moved to a position in which the diaphragm shaft 33 is urged against the stop 34.
  • the displacement or stroke L" of the core 22 relative to the air pressure P within the chamber 15b solely depends upon the axial expansion of the bellows members 118a and 18b against the spring 23 and is of linear characteristic as indicated at c in FIG. 3. It will be appreciated that the line a in FIG. 3 is in parallel with the line and is spaced therefrom by a distance corresponding to AL.
  • the system of the present invention will have an output characteristic represented by a dotted line a when the pressure within the intake manifold 3 is more than 660 mm. Hg.
  • the output characteristic line 0 is in parallel with the imaginary output characteristic line a and is spaced or shifted therefrom a distance AL.
  • the two lines a and c are interconnected by the inclined line b. The degree of the inclination of the line b depends upon the characteristic of the spring acting on the diaphragm 30.
  • the system of the present invention is operable to control the fuel supply to the engine in such a manner that the fuel is supplied through the fuel injection valves to the combustion chambers at such a flow rate as to provide maximum thermal efficiency for the operation of the engine when the pressure differential between the pressure within the intake manifold 3 and the atmospheric pressure is more than a predetermined value AP, for example, 100 mm. Hg. in the instant embodiment of the invention.
  • the system of the invention is operable to control the fuel injection valves so that increased amount of fuel'is allowed to pass through the valves into the combustion chambers.
  • the change in fuel supply rate that is, the change from a fuel supply rate at which the fuel is supplied to the engine so as to provide a maximum thermal efficiency for the engine as is in normal operation thereof to a fuel supply rate at which increased amount of fuel is supplied to the engine as is during accelerating operation, is achieved solely by the pressure differential between the air pressure acting on the diaphragm 30 which pressure differential serves to displace the initial positions of the bellows members 18a and 18b and the core 22 with respect to the electrical coil 24.
  • the present invention is not required to employ an additional electrical circuit including a change-over switch which is otherwise required by conventional system of this kind for fuel supply at a greater rate so as to cause the engine to produce a greater output such as at accelerating operation.
  • the bellows members 18a and 18b and the spring 23 of the present invention are not required to operate in non-linear characteristic even when these members alone are relied upon in performing control of the fuel supply, with a resultant advantage that the present invention can provide a fuel supply controlling system which is simple in construction and is easy to manufacture.
  • the system of the present invention utilizes the pressure differential between the atmospheric pressure and the pressure within the air inlet pipe both acting upon the diaphragm 30 to perform a change in fuel supply rate when a greater output of the engine is required as is at accelerating operation of the engine, an additional advantage is obtainable that, even if the engine is operated in an atmosphere of varied absolute value such as in a high ground, the system of the invention is not influenced by the variation in the absolute value of the atmospheric pressure and is operable to accurately increase the quantity of the fuel to be supplied to the engine at accelerating operation thereof.
  • a device for controlling the fuel supply into an internal combustion engine said device including a housing defining a substantially hermetically closed space therein, means within said housing sensitive to the variation in the absolute pressure value within the intake manifold of said engine, means within said housing operable in response to the pressure differential of more than a predetermined value between the pressure within said intake manifold and the atmospheric pressure so as to be displaced in one direction into mechanical connection with said absolute pressure variation sensitive means, and means for transducing the operation of said absolute pressure variation sensitive means and the displacement thereof by said pressure differential responsive means into electrical signals which are utilized to control the fuel supply to said engine, characterized by the features that said absolute pressure variation sensitive means comprise at least one bellows member, said differential pressure responsive means including a diaphragm member dividing said closed space in said housing into two chambers one of which is in communication with the interior of said intake manifold, the other chamber being open to the atmosphere, said bellows member being disposed within said one chamber, said differential pressure responsive means also including a spring member in engagement with said diaphragm
  • stop means is an adjusting screw member threadably extending through the wall of said housing into said the other chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
US47530A 1969-08-07 1970-06-18 System for controlling fuel supply to an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime US3651791A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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JP44062466A JPS4945647B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-08-07 1969-08-07

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US3651791A true US3651791A (en) 1972-03-28

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JP (1) JPS4945647B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2029075A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3730146A (en) * 1971-11-29 1973-05-01 Gen Motors Corp Pressure-inductance transducer
US3765380A (en) * 1971-08-10 1973-10-16 Bendix Corp Electronic fuel control systems with nonlinearizing circuit means interconnecting the pressure transducer with the main computation means
US3800750A (en) * 1971-08-10 1974-04-02 Bendix Corp Method and apparatus for providing a nonlinear pressure transducer output signal
US3916861A (en) * 1972-10-06 1975-11-04 Nippon Denso Co Pneumatic governor system for fuel injection pump
US4211119A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-07-08 The Bendix Corporation Self-standardizing pressure sensor for use in an electronic fuel control system
US4388825A (en) * 1977-05-17 1983-06-21 The Bendix Corporation Integral manifold absolute pressure and ambient absolute pressure sensor and associated electronics
US4432321A (en) * 1980-10-22 1984-02-21 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Fuel injection pump device for internal combustion engine
US4481929A (en) * 1981-11-12 1984-11-13 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Method and device for atmospheric pressure-dependent correction of air/fuel ratio for internal combustion engines
US20100047726A1 (en) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Mestek, Inc. Boiler and pilot system

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3765380A (en) * 1971-08-10 1973-10-16 Bendix Corp Electronic fuel control systems with nonlinearizing circuit means interconnecting the pressure transducer with the main computation means
US3800750A (en) * 1971-08-10 1974-04-02 Bendix Corp Method and apparatus for providing a nonlinear pressure transducer output signal
US3730146A (en) * 1971-11-29 1973-05-01 Gen Motors Corp Pressure-inductance transducer
US3916861A (en) * 1972-10-06 1975-11-04 Nippon Denso Co Pneumatic governor system for fuel injection pump
US4388825A (en) * 1977-05-17 1983-06-21 The Bendix Corporation Integral manifold absolute pressure and ambient absolute pressure sensor and associated electronics
US4211119A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-07-08 The Bendix Corporation Self-standardizing pressure sensor for use in an electronic fuel control system
US4432321A (en) * 1980-10-22 1984-02-21 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Fuel injection pump device for internal combustion engine
US4481929A (en) * 1981-11-12 1984-11-13 Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Method and device for atmospheric pressure-dependent correction of air/fuel ratio for internal combustion engines
US20100047726A1 (en) * 2008-08-20 2010-02-25 Mestek, Inc. Boiler and pilot system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4945647B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-12-05
DE2029075A1 (de) 1971-02-18

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