Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond

Definitions

• the new copolymers are obtained by copolymerizing a mixture of the four monomers in the liquid phase and contact with a catalyst soluble or highly dispersible in the liquid polymerization medium and obtained by mixing (a) a hydride or organometallic compound of beryllium, aluminum or a lithium-aluminum complex with (b) a hydrocarbon-soluble vanadium compound.
• Catalyst-forming component (a) may be selected from beryllium dialkyls, aluminum trialkyls, lithium-aluminum tetraalkyls, alkyl beryllium chlorides, alkyl aluminum (mono-, dior sesqui-) chlorides, phenyl aluminum bromides, lithium-aluminum monofiuoroalkyls, phenyl beryllium iodide, etc.
• the hydrocarbon-soluble vanadium compound mixed "with component (a) to obtain the catalyst may be selected 3,651,032 Patented Mar. 21, 1972 from the vanadium halides and oxyhalides, vanadium and vanadyl alcoholates, vanadium and vanadyl acetylacetonates, vanadium and vanadyl halogenalcoholates and halogenacetylacetonates, complexes of vanadium halides and oxyhalides with Lewis bases etc.
• the copolymerization according to the invention is carried out at a temperature of from C. to C.
• the copolymerization is carried out at a temperature of from -30 C. to +30 C., in which temperature range the catalysts are most active and stable.
• the copolymerization is conducted in the liquid phase. It may be carried out in the presence or absence of a solvent for the copolymer which is formed.
• a solvent for the copolymer which is formed are, for instance, aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons.
• Chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents which are inert to the catalysts may also be used. These include chlorobenzene, tetrachlorethylene, methyl chloride, etc.
• the liquid polymerization medium consists prevailingly of a liquified mixture of ethylene and propylene in which the copolymer formed is insoluble, i.e., the copolymerization is carried out in suspension.
• the composition of the copolymers produced can be varied over a wide range.
• the molar ratio of propylene to ethylene maintained in the reacting liquid phase should be at least 4:1 and in the range 200:1 to 4: 1.
• the copolymers obtained When the ethylene/ propylene molar ratio is higher than 1:4, the copolymers obtained generally exhibit crystallinity of the polyethylenic type.
• the copolymers contain from 50% to 15% in moles of propylene, and have a total dienes content of from 0.1% to 20% in moles.
• the preferred molar ratio of hexadiene-1,4 to dicyclopentadiene in the copolymers is from 5 :1 to 1:5.
• the copolymers in which said molar ratio is from 10:1 to 1:10 also have good vulcanizability characteristics.
• copolymers of the invention are linear, that is, the copolymers lack long branchings, as proved by the fact that the properties thereof, particularly the viscous behavior, are practically the same as those of the elastomeric ethylene/propylene copolymers disclosed earlier by Natta et al.
• the molecular weight of these copolymers is generally higher than 20,000 as shown by the intrinsic viscosities which, determined in tetrahydronaphthalene at C., or in toluene at 30 C., are higher than 0.5 dL/g.
• the molecular weight of the copolymers may be regulated, during production thereof, by including molecular weight regulators, such as hydrogen or zinc alkyls, in the polymerization zone.
• molecular weight regulators such as hydrogen or zinc alkyls
• the copolymer obtained When the copolymer obtained has an unsaturation content higher than 0.4% in moles, it can be vulcanized very readily by the conventional methods, such as the methods utilizing sulphur, accelerators and carbon black vulcanizing aids.
• the vulcanization rates of the copolymers according to the invention are set forth in the examples given below, from which the excellent physical-mechanical properties of the copolymers will be apparent. Because of the properties possessed thereby, the present copolymers can be used for all purposes for which natural and other synthetic rubbers are used.
• the vulcanizates of the present copolymers can be used advantageously as substitutes for natural rubber and the known synthetic rubbers.
• the reaction vessel consisted of a glass cylinder of cm. diameter and 4000 cc. capacity, and provided with a stirrer, a thermometer, and pipes for the inflow and outflow of the gases.
• the gas inlet pipe extended to the bottom of the reaction vessel and terminated in a porous section.
• the mix was vulcanized in a press at 150 C. for different times.
• the properties of the vulcanized products are recorded in the following Table I.
• the vulcanization rate is similar to that of the copolymer described in Example 1.
• EXAMPLE 3 Into the reaction vessel described in Example 1, thermostabilized at 20 C. there were introduced 3000 cc. of n-heptane, 2 cc. of dicyclopentadiene, 8 cc. of 1,4-hexadiene trans and 0.3 millimole of diethyl zinc.
• Example 4 In this run, Example 3 was repeated except that, '12 cc. of 1,4-hexadiene trans and 0.25 mm. of 'zincdiethyl were used.
• the copolymer (58 g.) obtained had the following composition:
• the vulcanization rate is similar to that of the copolymer described in Example 1.
• EXAMPLE EXAMPLE 6 An ethylene-propylene-dicyclopentadiene copolymer, containing, by weight 32% of propylene and 3.9% of dicyclopentadiene, and having a Mooney viscosity of 163, was vulcanized with the same mixture and under the same conditions as those described in Example 1.
• the vulcanization rate for the ethylene-propylene/dicyclopentadiene copolymer is lower than that of the copolymers of ethylene-propylene-hexadiene-dicyclopentadiene described in Examples 1 to 4 inclusive.
• the value of the elastic modulus at 300% of elongation was only 85% of the value measured after 240 minutes.
• cyclopentadiene and 1,4-hexadiene having an intrinsic viscosity greater than 0.5 dl./g., determined in tetrahydronaphthalene at 135 C., containing less than 85 mol percent ethylene, from 15 to mol percent propylene and from 0.1 to 20 mol percent dicyclopentadiene and 1,4- hexadiene in ratios between 1:10 and 10:1.
• Copolymers according to claim 2 characterized in containing hexadienic -1,4 and dicyclopentadienic units in ratios comprised between 1:5 and 5:1.
• Copolymers according to claim 1 characterized in that cis 1,4-hexadiene is used as one comonomer.
• Vulcanizable compositions comprising copolymers according to claim 7, sulphur or sulphur donating compounds as crosslinking agents, vulcanization accelerators and reinforcing fillers.
• Vulcanizable compositions according to claim 8 characterized in that the reinforcing filler is carbon black.
• Vulcanized elastomers characterized in being obtained by vulcanization of the vulcanizable compositions according to claim 10.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
• Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (2)

• 1970
  • 1970-06-08 NL NL7008302A patent/NL7008302A/xx unknown
  • 1970-06-09 DE DE19702028165 patent/DE2028165A1/de active Pending
  • 1970-06-09 GB GB1259248D patent/GB1259248A/en not_active Expired
  • 1970-06-09 FR FR7021134A patent/FR2050153A5/fr not_active Expired
  • 1970-06-10 US US45256A patent/US3651032A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1970-06-10 BE BE751744D patent/BE751744A/fr unknown
  • 1970-06-10 ES ES380590A patent/ES380590A1/es not_active Expired

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