US3650966A - Iodine detergent composition - Google Patents

Abstract

GERMICIDAL-DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS HAVING LOW FOAMING PROPERTIES CONTAINING IODINE AND, AS A CARRIER THEREFOR, TRIETHANOLAMINE OCTYL SULFATE.

Description

United States Patent 3,650,966 IODINE DETERGENT COMPOSITION Richard Leo Bakka, Rosemount, Minn, assiguor to Economics Laboratory, Inc., St. Paul, Minn. No Drawing. Filed Aug. 20, 1969, Ser. No. 851,725 Int. Cl. Clld 3/48 US. Cl. 252-106 1 1 Claim ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Germicidal-detergent compositions having low foaming properties containing iodine and, as a carrier therefor, triethanolamine octyl sulfate.

The present invention relates to compositions having germicidal-detergent properties and more particularly to germicidal-detergent compositions containing iodine together with certain surface active agents as a carrier for the iodine.

Compositions having germicidal-detergent properties comprising iodine together with various surfactants as a carrier for the iodine are known. These compositions generally also include an acid such as phosphoric. Such com-- positions, which exert a sanitizing and detergent action in use, are commonly referred to as iodophors. They are widely used in environmental sanitation for cleaning and sanitizing equipment and containers employed in food processing and the like. A variety of synthetic surfactants have been employed as carriers for the iodine; the carrier serving to solubilize the iodine in water and to permit gradual release thereof from aqueous medium so as to be germicidally effective. I

While known iodophor compositions provide efficient germicidal, fungicidal and bacteriostatic properties and thus control microorganisms on treated surfaces, they generally exhibit considerable foaming in normal use dilutions. The foaming is largely attributable to the surfactants employed and the problem is particularly acute with the use of anionic surface active agents. Excessive foaming is an inherent disadvantage and seriously restricts the use of such iodophors to. applications where foaming is of little or no consequence. However, in many sanitizing applications high foaming cannot be tolerated, such as, for example, in sanitizing operations wherein the iodophor composition is dispersed by spraying or mechanically circulated or recirculated through the equipment to be sanitized, such as pipe lines and equipment utilized inthe dairy industry. Similarly, when the iodophor compositions are employed for germicidal rinses and the like where speedy drainage is desired, the iodophors should not produce much foam.

In accordance with this invention it has been found R is the residue of a straight or branched chain alcohol containing from 6 to 10 carbon atoms and Patented Mar. 21, 1972 ice Z is sodium, potassium, ammonium, diethanolamine or triethanolarnine.

One particularly preferred anionic surface active agent is the triethanolamine salt of octyl sulfate.

The novel compositions of the invention are prepared by adding elemental iodine to the surfactants above described at a temperature ranging from about 20 to 72 C., preferably 55 to 60 C., and agitating for periods of time ranging from about 30 to 720 minutes depending on the degree of agitation.

The amount of elemental iodine can vary widely and depends to large extent upon the intended use of the composition. It is preferred to add sufficient iodine so as to produce a germicidally effective amount of available or free iodine when the composition is diluted for use. In general, the iodine is employed in the composition in amounts of from about 0.5% to 15% and preferably from about 1.5% to 2.5% by weight. The unique anionic surfactants utilized in accordance with this invention are generally employed in the composition in amounts from about 4% to by weight.

The effectiveness of the germicidal-detergent compositions of the inventionis further enhanced by the inclusion therein of a mineral or organic acid such as hydrochloric, phosphoric, hydroxyacetic, acetic, diglycolic, citric and the like or an acidic material such as monosodium phosphate. Such acidic materials or mixtures thereof act on foreign matters such as alkalis, proteins, milk solids, etc. which may be present on the surfaces to be treated thereby serving a detergent function and also protecting the iodine from being consumed by such materials. Also, the germicidal action of the iodine is greater at lower pH levels and the acidic components are desirable from this standpoint also. The acidic components are usually, but optionally, employed in preferred iodophor compositions in amounts from about 3% to 25% by weight. Likewise, minor amounts of other materials such as butyl alcohol, Butyl Cellosolve, Ethyl Cellosolve and the like can be employed to assist in dissolution of the iodine. Likewise, minor amountsof other known surfactants such as, for example, liquid condensates of polyoxypropylene glycol and ethylene oxide (Pluronics), alkyl aryl sulfonates and the like can also be employed in the compositions of this invention but in such event the principal carrier for the iodine will be an anionic surfactant disclosed herein as being uniquely advantageous.

The germicidal-detergent compositions of this invention are generally prepared in the form of aqueous liquid concentrates and thus the iodine, surfactant and acid are dissolved'in' water. In use, the concentrates are further diluted with water; the extent of dilution depending upon theparticular germicidal application. The dilution can vary widely but in most instances the dilution will be such as to provide from 3 to parts per million of available iodine.

Representative iodophor compositions of the invention are shown in the following examples.

EXAMPLE I 2.8 grams of iodine and 14.0 grams of the triethanolamine salt of octyl sulfate are mixed at a temperature of about 60 C. Agitation of the mixture is continued until the iodine is in solution. The resulting mixture is then added to a mixture of 8.9 grams of phosphoric acid and 75.1 grams of water with agitation and the mixture cooled to about 40 C. With mild agitation the solution becomes homogenous in about to minutes to provide an iodophor of the following composition:

Percent by wt.

Following the procedure of Example I, the following iodophor composition is prepared:

Percent by wt.

Iodine 2.0

Sodium salt of hexyl sulfate 14.0 Phosphoric acid 8.9 Hydroxyacetic acid 20.0 Water 55.1

As indicated above, the compositions of this invention produce low foam in use. To illustrate this significant advantage, various iodophor compositions containing iodine and various surfactants were compared with an iodophor composition of the invention. The foam produced by the various iodophor compositions was determined by the known Ross-Miles foam test (ASTM D1173- 53) and also bythe Stone Foam Test. The Stone Foam Test is carried out as follows: 120 milliliters of a test solution is introduced into a 3-foot section of glass tubing which is mounted in vertical position. A porous inert stone is placed in the bottom of the glass tubing, A pressure regulator and valve assembly is connected to the glass tubing for admission of air thereto. Air is introduced into the tubing through the porous stone for 30 seconds at a pressure of 10 p.s.i.g. As soon as air flow is shut off an initial foam measurement in millimeters is taken. Again after a period of 5 minutes after cessation of air flow a foam measurement in milliliters is taken.

Ross-Miles Foam stone foam test Iodophor composition Percent foam height (mm.) foam height (mm.)

prepared in accordance available Surfactant employed in iodophor with iodine composition (0.1% concentration) Initial 5 minutes Initial 5 minutes Example I of present 1. 75 Triethanolamine octyl sulfate 0 0 0 0 application.

U. 1. 75 Sodium lauryl sulfate 25 106 96 U. 1. 75 Sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate 100 85 127 120 U. 1. 75 Dsoditum dodecyldiphenyl ether disul- 45 127 114 one e.

U. 1. 75 Ammonium lauryl ether sulfate 100 85 127 120 U. 1. 75 Dibutyl naphthyl sodium sulionate 10 2 35 0 U. 1. 75 Condensate of ethylene oxide with hydro- 20 108 19 phobic base.

U. 1. 75 Alkylaryl sulfonate 120 95 140 120 U. 1. 75 Polyethylene oxide polymer plus non- 30 20 120 110 ionic surfactant.

U. 1. 75 Alkanoyl taurate 25 120 114 EXAMPLE 111 Following the procedure of Example I, the following iodophor composition is prepared:

Percent by wt.

Iodine 2.6 Butyl Cellosolve 2.0 Potassium salt of Alfol 8-10 sulfate 1 13.1 Phosphoric acid 8.9 Water 73.4

1 Alfol 8-10 sulfate is a sulfate ester of a mixture of alkyl alcohols of 8 to 10 carbon atoms available commercially from Continental Oil Company.

EXAMPLE IV Following the procedure of Example I, the following iodophor composition is prepared:

EXAMPLE V Following the procedure of Example I, the following iodophor composition is prepared:

Percent by wt.

Iodine 2.5 Ammonium salt of heptyl sulfate 21.2 Butyl alcohol 1 I 5.0 Pluronic L-62 1 4.6 Water 66.7

1 Sold by Wyandotte Chemicals Corporation and is a liquid condensate of ethylene oxide and polyoxypropylene glycol. the polyoxypropylene group of which has a molecular weight within the range of 1500 to 1800 and which contains from to 50% by weight of ethylen x e.

Those modifications and equivalents which fall within the spirit of the invention are to be considered a part thereof.

What is claimed is:

1. A water-soluble, low-foaming, germicidal-detergent composition consisting essentially of elemental iodine in an amount from about 0.5 to 15% by weight and the triethanolamine salt of octyl sulfate as a carrier for said elemental iodine in an amount from about 4 to by Weight, and from about 0 to 25% by weight of an acidic material selected from the group consisting of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, hydroxyacetic acid, acetic acid, diglycolic acid, and citric acid.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,274,116 9/1966 Mills 252- 106 3,338,949 8/1967 Hagemeyer et al. 260459 FOREIGN PATENTS 4362M 5/1966 France 424- 11,426,139 12/1965 France 424- 150 LEON D. ROSDOL, Primary Examiner P. E. WILLIS, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R. 424-150