US4528110A - Method of using alkyl monophosphoric acids as germicidal agents - Google Patents

Method of using alkyl monophosphoric acids as germicidal agents Download PDF

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US4528110A
US4528110A US06/506,597 US50659783A US4528110A US 4528110 A US4528110 A US 4528110A US 50659783 A US50659783 A US 50659783A US 4528110 A US4528110 A US 4528110A
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acid
alkyl
surfactants
carbon atoms
phosphonic
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Siegfried Bragulla
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Ecolab USA Inc
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/48Medical, disinfecting agents, disinfecting, antibacterial, germicidal or antimicrobial compositions
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/18Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • A01N57/20Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-carbon bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/34Derivatives of acids of phosphorus
    • C11D1/342Phosphonates; Phosphinates or phosphonites
    • C11D2111/20

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

This invention is directed to germicidal compositions comprising a germicidally effective amount of at least one alkyl monophosphonic acid having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain in admixture with one or more surfactants in acidic solution and to the use of such compositions in disinfecting surfaces.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention is directed to novel germicidal agents. More particularly, this invention is directed to the use of certain alkyl monophosphonic acids as germicidal agents in acidic solutions.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Various substances are already known as disinfectants in acidic solutions, including, for example, quaternary ammonium compounds, halogen carboxylic acids, and iodine. Unfortunately, these known substances have disadvantages with regard to practical application. For example, quaternary ammonium compounds foam excessively. The foam has to be reduced by use of large quantities of antifoaming agents, which very often impairs the disinfecting effect. In addition, quaternary ammonium compounds cannot be mixed with anionic surfactants, which in turn have a very good degreasing effect.
In acidic cleaners, halogen carboxylic acids, such as, for example, iodoacetic, chloroacetic, or bromoacetic acid, lead to the precipitation of protein which is deposited as a coating on the surfaces to be cleaned or can block the spray nozzles in the cleaning system. Moreover, the halogen carboxylic acids mentioned are not safe to handle because they are highly corrosive. Their relatively high toxicity is another disadvantage so far as their use in ready-made cleaners is concerned.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the invention to provide novel germicidal agents.
It is also an object of the invention to provide a method of using alkyl monophosphonic acids as germicidal agents.
It is a further object of the invention to provide disinfecting agents which, in addition to a broad bacteriological spectrum, are capable of rapidly killing off bacteria when used in low concentrations in acidic cleaners.
These and other objects of the invention will become more apparent in the discussion below.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to the invention, alkyl monophosphonic acids having from 4 to 12, preferably from 8 to 10, carbon atoms in the alkyl chain, in admixture with surfactants, are useful as germicidal agents in acidic solutions. One or more of the alkyl monophosphonic acids are present in an acidic solution in an amount of from about 0.01 to 0.5 grams/liter, preferably from about 0.02 to 0.2 grams/liter, based upon the total volume of the solution, which corresponds to a concentration of from about 10 to 500 ppm, preferably from about 20 to 200 ppm.
The surfactants used may be anionic or, preferably, nonionic, and mixtures of different surfactants may also be used. However, it is best, particularly with regard to undesirable foaming, to use nonionic surfactants such as adducts of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide onto fatty alcohols, fatty amines, or fatty acids containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain or onto alkyl phenols containing from 6 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain. The mixing ratio in percents by weight of alkyl monophosphonic acids to surfactants may be in the range of from about 1:1 to 1:5, although a ratio of about 1:4 is preferred.
In addition to the surfactants, which inter alia also improve the solubility of the alkyl monophosphonic acids, it is possible to add other solubilizers, or solution promoters. Examples of such solubilizers include cumene sulfonate and monohydric or dihydric short-chain alcohols, such as ethanol, propanol, glycol, and butyl diglycol.
The concentration of acid in the acidic solutions used may be in the range of from about 0.1 to 2% by weight, preferably from about 0.5 to 0.6% by weight, based upon the total weight of acidic solution. Suitable acids include HCl, H2 SO4, HNO3, amidosulfonic acid, and, in particular, phosphoric acid.
Alkyl-1-phosphonic acids are preferred according to the invention, although octane-1-phosphonic acid and decane-1-phosphonic acid have proven to be the best disinfecting agents. They do not foam, are dermatologically and toxicologically safe, and have a distinct germicidal effect in acid solutions even at low temperatures.
Germicidal agents containing alkyl monophosphonic acids according to the invention can be effectively used to disinfect virtually any non-porous surface. Examples of such surfaces include metal and enamel surfaces and, preferably, glass or plastic surfaces.
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and should not be construed as limiting it thereto.
EXAMPLES Example 1
The germicidal effect of octane-1-phosphonic acid in various concentrations in phosphoric acid solution was tested. The respective solutions are identified as Solutions A to E in the following table:
              TABLE 1                                                     
______________________________________                                    
                Solution:                                                 
Components (% by weight):                                                 
                  A      B      C    D    E                               
______________________________________                                    
(a) octane-1-phosphonic acid                                              
                  0.0    0.3    0.5  1.0  1.3                             
(b) adduct of 8 mols of EO                                                
                  2.0    2.0    2.0  2.0  2.0                             
onto nonyl phenol                                                         
(c) adduct of 5 mols of EO and                                            
                  4.0    4.0    4.0  4.0  4.0                             
4 mols of PO onto C.sub.12 -C.sub.14 -                                    
fatty alcohol                                                             
(d) phosphoric acid, 100%                                                 
                  37.5   37.5   37.5 37.5 37.5                            
(e) condensed water                                                       
                  56.5   56.2   56.0 55.5 55.2                            
______________________________________                                    
 EO = ethylene oxide                                                      
 PO = propylene oxide                                                     
The suspension test developed by the "Deutschen Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft e.V." (DLG) was used both in this and the following examples. The suspension test for disinfectants is carried out as follows: The agent is tested for its effectiveness against the bacterial strains indicated in Table 2 below. To this end, the agent to be tested is dissolved in standardized hard water [total hardness: 15° dH (dh=deutsch Harte=German Hardness)]. To check bactericidal activity, quantities of 0.1 ml of the bacterial suspension are added to 10 ml of disinfectant solution, and the destruction time in minutes is determined at the test temperature of 20° C.
The destruction times are shown in the following table:
              TABLE 2                                                     
______________________________________                                    
Destruction time (minutes) at 20° C.                               
(DLG suspension test); water hardness = 15° dH                     
        Solution:                                                         
        A     B        C        D      E                                  
        Concentration (% by wt.):                                         
Test Strain:                                                              
          0.5   1     0.5 1    0.5 1    0.5  1   0.5  1                   
______________________________________                                    
Staphylo- 60    20     5  1     1  1    1    1   1   1                    
coccus aureus                                                             
Streptococcus                                                             
          40    40    20  10   10  5    10   2.5 2.5 1                    
faecalis                                                                  
Pseudomonas                                                               
          20    10    10  2.5  10  10   2.5  2.5 5   2.5                  
fluorescens                                                               
Klebsiella                                                                
          10    10     5  5    2.5 2.5  5    5   5   5                    
aerogenes                                                                 
______________________________________                                    
Example 2
The increase in germicidal activity was tested in the same manner as in Example 1. The composition of the germicidal cleaning solutions was as follows:
              TABLE 3                                                     
______________________________________                                    
                    Solution:                                             
Components (% by weight):                                                 
                      F      G                                            
______________________________________                                    
(a) phosphoric acid, 100%                                                 
                      45.0   45.0                                         
(b) adduct of 5 mols of EO                                                
                      0.4    0.4                                          
onto oleyl alcohol                                                        
(c) adduct of 9 mols of EO                                                
                      3.5    3.5                                          
and 10 mols of PO onto                                                    
nonyl phenol                                                              
(d) adduct of 12 mols of EO                                               
                      1.0    1.0                                          
onto nonyl phenol                                                         
(e) octane-1-phosphonic acid                                              
                      0.0    1.3                                          
(e) condensed water   50.1   48.8                                         
______________________________________                                    
The destruction times are shown in the following table:
              TABLE 4                                                     
______________________________________                                    
Destruction times (minutes) at 20° C.                              
(DLG suspension test); water hardness = 15° dH                     
Solution:          F              G                                       
Concentration (% by wt.):                                                 
                   0.5   1        0.5 1                                   
______________________________________                                    
Test strain:                                                              
Staphylococcus aureus                                                     
                   60    60       2.5 1                                   
Streptococcus faecalis                                                    
                   40    40       5   1                                   
Pseudomonas fluorescens                                                   
                   20     1       5   1                                   
Klebsiella aerogenes                                                      
                   10    10       2.5   2.5                               
______________________________________                                    
Example 3
The germicidal activity of alkyl-1-phosphonic acids containing a C4 -C12 -alkyl radical was tested in cleaning solutions having the compositions shown in Table 5. The results, in destruction time, are set forth in Table 6 with regard to the alkyl monophosphonic acids contained in the solutions.
              TABLE 5                                                     
______________________________________                                    
             Formulation:                                                 
Components                                  Con-                          
(% by weight): 1      2      3    4    5    trol                          
______________________________________                                    
(a) butane-1-phosphonic                                                   
                1.0   --     --   --   --   --                            
acid                                                                      
(b) hexane-1-phosphonic                                                   
               --      1.0   --   --   --   --                            
acid                                                                      
(c) decane-1-phosphonic                                                   
               --     --      1.0 --   --   --                            
acid                                                                      
(d) dodecane-1-phosphonic                                                 
               --     --     --    1.0 --   --                            
acid                                                                      
(e) octane-1-phosphonic                                                   
               --     --     --   --    1.0 --                            
acid                                                                      
(f) no phosphonic acid                                                    
               --     --     --   --   --   0                             
added                                                                     
(g) adduct of 12 mols of                                                  
                4.0    4.0    4.0  4.0  4.0  4.0                          
EO onto nonyl phenol                                                      
(h) phosphoric acid, 100%                                                 
               37.5   37.5   37.5 37.5 37.5 37.5                          
(i) condensed water                                                       
               57.5   57.5   57.5 57.5 57.5 58.5                          
______________________________________                                    
                                  TABLE 6                                 
__________________________________________________________________________
            Formulation:                                                  
            1     2     3   4     5    Control                            
            Concentration of the solution (% by wt.):                     
Test strain:                                                              
            0.5                                                           
               1  0.5                                                     
                     1  0.5                                               
                          1 0.5                                           
                               1  0.5                                     
                                     1 0.5                                
                                          1                               
__________________________________________________________________________
Staphylococcus aureus                                                     
            40 5  40 5  1 1 10 10 2.5                                     
                                     2.5                                  
                                       20 20                              
Streptococcus faecalis                                                    
            20 10 20 10 1 1 20 10 5  2.5                                  
                                       20 20                              
Pseudomonas fluorescens                                                   
            2.5                                                           
               1  2.5                                                     
                     2.5                                                  
                        1 1 5  2.5                                        
                                  5  2.5                                  
                                       10 2.5                             
Klebsiella aerogenes                                                      
            5  2.5                                                        
                  2.5                                                     
                     1  2.5                                               
                          2.5                                             
                            5  1  5  2.5                                  
                                       2.5                                
                                          1                               
__________________________________________________________________________
The preceding specific embodiments are illustrative of the practice of the invention. It is to be understood, however, that other expedients known to those skilled in the art or disclosed herein, may be employed without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

I claim:
1. A method of disinfecting a surface which comprises applying thereto an effective amount of a germicidal composition which comprises a germicidally effective amount of at least one alkyl monophosphonic acid having from 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain in admixture with one or more anionic or nonionic surfactants in solution, which solution contains from about 0.1 to 2 percent by weight of an acid selected from the group consisting of HCl, H2 SO4, HNO3, amidosulfonic acid and phosphoric acid.
2. The method of disinfecting a surface according to claim 1, wherein the surfactants utilized are nonionic.
3. The method of disinfecting a surface according to claim 2, wherein the surfactants are selected from the group comprising adducts of ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide onto fatty alcohols, fatty amines, or fatty acids containing from 12 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the alkyl monophosphonic acid has from 8 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of alkyl monophosphonic acid to surfactant is from about 1:1 to 1:5.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the concentration of alkyl monophosphonic acid is from about 0.01 to 0.5 grams/liter.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the concentration is from about 0.02 to 0.2 grams/liter.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the alkyl monophosphonic acid is an alkyl-1-phosphonic acid or a mixture thereof.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the alkyl monophosphonic acid is octane-1-phosphonic acid, decane-1-phosphonic acid, or a mixture thereof.
10. The method of claim 1 which contains from about 0.5 to 0.6% by weight of said acid.
US06/506,597 1982-11-04 1983-06-22 Method of using alkyl monophosphoric acids as germicidal agents Expired - Lifetime US4528110A (en)

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DE3240688 1982-11-04
DE19823240688 DE3240688A1 (en) 1982-11-04 1982-11-04 USE OF ALKYLMONOPHOSPHONIC ACIDS AS A KILLING SUBSTANCE

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US5858937A (en) * 1996-02-28 1999-01-12 Bausch & Lomb Incorporated Treatment of contact lenses with aqueous solution including phosphonic compounds
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US6750186B2 (en) 2002-02-04 2004-06-15 Robert Black Composition and method for cleaning dishwashers
US6742531B2 (en) * 2002-05-03 2004-06-01 Whirlpool Corporation In-sink dishwater with self-aligning liquid feed system
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US20060118141A1 (en) * 2004-12-08 2006-06-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of cleaning a washing machine or a dishwasher
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EP1679363B1 (en) 2005-01-10 2008-07-09 The Procter and Gamble Company Cleaning composition for washing-up or washing machine
EP1690924A1 (en) * 2005-02-11 2006-08-16 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of cleaning a washing machine or a dishwasher
GB0524009D0 (en) 2005-11-25 2006-01-04 Reckitt Benckiser Nv Composition and method
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GB0525314D0 (en) * 2005-12-13 2006-01-18 Reckitt Benckiser Nv Method and composition
KR102448861B1 (en) * 2016-01-05 2022-09-30 엘지전자 주식회사 Dish washer and controlling method thereof
IT201900021549A1 (en) * 2019-11-19 2021-05-19 Deco Ind S Coop P A PRODUCT FOR THE TREATMENT OF A APPLIANCE CONFIGURED FOR WASHING
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EP0027083A1 (en) * 1979-10-04 1981-04-15 Compagnie Francaise De Produits Industriels Process for cleaning vehicles and composition therefor

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5008030A (en) * 1989-01-17 1991-04-16 Colgate-Palmolive Co. Acidic disinfectant all-purpose liquid cleaning composition
FR2662173A1 (en) * 1990-05-15 1991-11-22 Henkel France COMPOSITION FOR CLEANING AND DISINFECTING MILKING EQUIPMENT.
WO1991018080A1 (en) * 1990-05-15 1991-11-28 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Mixture for cleaning and disinfecting milking equipment
US5858937A (en) * 1996-02-28 1999-01-12 Bausch & Lomb Incorporated Treatment of contact lenses with aqueous solution including phosphonic compounds
US20080108537A1 (en) * 2006-11-03 2008-05-08 Rees Wayne M Corrosion inhibitor system for mildly acidic to ph neutral halogen bleach-containing cleaning compositions
WO2008057380A1 (en) * 2006-11-03 2008-05-15 S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. Corrosion inhibitor system for mildly acidic to ph neutral halogen bleach-containing cleaning compositions

Also Published As

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US4465612A (en) 1984-08-14
CA1227423A (en) 1987-09-29
ATE49339T1 (en) 1990-01-15
AU2098583A (en) 1984-05-10
EP0111135B1 (en) 1990-01-10
DK465283A (en) 1984-05-05
DE3381081D1 (en) 1990-02-15
AU560696B2 (en) 1987-04-16
EP0111135A3 (en) 1986-10-08
DK159131B (en) 1990-09-10
DE3240688A1 (en) 1984-05-30
ZA838214B (en) 1984-06-27
EP0111135A2 (en) 1984-06-20
DK465283D0 (en) 1983-10-10
DK159131C (en) 1991-02-25

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