US3649412A - Apparatus for producing curtains - Google Patents

Abstract

In an apparatus for producing curtains there is provided a clamping device for holding at least one edge region of a piece of curtain material in position on a table provided with a traversing head from which adhesive and a cord can be dispensed so as to apply the adhesive to select regions of the piece of material so held and so as the cord can be looped through the material at spaced intervals, the table having flap means operable to fold together to trap a folded edge of the curtain therebetween and thus by pressure applied by the flaps cause the adhesive coated regions of the material to adhere to conceal all but the loops of the cord inserted through the material.

Description

Marh 14, 1972 D, F O 3,649,412

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CURTAINS Filed March 30, 1970 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORZ J7 D. F 0660 nr 'r March 14, J FOGGO APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CURTAINS 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 30, 1970 INVENTOR: \7. p. F0660 #rr'y March 14, FOGGO APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CURTAINS 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 30, 1970 INVENTORZ J? D. F066 March 14, 1972 J. FOGGQ 3,649,412

APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CURTAINS Filed March 30, 1970 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR:

\Z'D. f aao 3,649,412 Patented Mar. 14, 1972 3,649,412 APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING CURTAINS James Douglas Foggo, Buxton, England, assignor to Thomas French & Sons Limited Filed Mar. 30, 1970, Ser. No. 23,951 Claims priority, application Great Britain, Apr. 2, 1969, 17 ,140/ 69 Int. Cl. B31f 7/00 US. Cl. 156-443 23 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE In an apparatus for producing curtains there is provided a clamping device for holding at least one edge region of a piece of curtain material in position on a table provided with a traversing head from which adhesive and a cord can be dispensed so as to apply the adhesive to selected regions of the piece of material so held and so as the cord can be looped through the material at spaced intervals, the table having flap means operable to fold together to trap a folded edge of the curtain therebetween and thus by pressure applied by the flaps cause the adhesive coated regions of the material to adhere to conceal all but the loops of the cord inserted through the material.

This invention concerns apparatus for producing curtains.

An object of the invention is to provide an apparatus which can be used to produce at least the upper hem of a curtain and is adapted simultaneously to insert a means whereby the curtain may be suspended for example by hooks to a runner or glider of a curtain suspension rail.

A further object of the invention is to provide in the apparatus aforesaid, means for producing a hem at the lower edge of the curtain at the same time as the upper hem is produced thereby to provide in one operation a finished curtain.

According to the present invention, apparatus for producing at least the upper hem of a curtain includes a table, means for gripping a curtain material at a position parallel to its extreme edge and retaining it against movement relative to the table, means for applying adhesive between the edge of the material and the line along which it is gripped, means for appling a cord parallel to the edge of the material and in the adhesive coated region of the curtain and simultaneously forming loops of cord on the uncoated face of the material, means for folding the adhesive coated region of the curtain together and applying pressure to cause the folded portions to adhere, the fold line being so positioned that the looped cord lies on the reverse face of the hem so formed.

Preferably the means for applying the adhesive is formed to produce spaced stripes of adhesive, the longer axes of the stripes being at right angles to the edge of the curtain material and the line along which it is gripped.

Conveniently the means for laying the cord and forming the loops is synchronised with the means for producing the stripes of adhesive such that the loops are formed between the stripes.

In one form the means for applying the adhesive is in the form of a longitudinally grooved roller adapted, between the grooves to receive adhesive material from an applicator roll, means being provided for moving the roller across the width of the curtain in contact therewith to orduce spaced stripes of adhesive, and means for disengaging the roller from the material after coating to return it to a starting position for the application of adhesive to a succeeding piece of material.

Preferably the table is formed, at the position to be assumed by the upper portion of the curtain at least, with two flaps foldable from a position in which they lie in a common plane to one in which their faces abut whereby an adhesive coated region of the curtain becomes folded to bring the adhesive coatings into contact to form the hem.

Preferably a lower hem is produced simultaneously with the upper hem by providing a further pair of foldable flaps spaced from the first, there being a fabric gripper means and an adhesive applicator associated with this set of flaps and operable in synchronism with the gripper means and adhesive applicator for the upper hem.

The invention will now be described further, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of part of an apparatus made in accordance with the invention, parts being omittted for the sake of clarity;

FIGS. 2 and 3 are somewhat diagrammatic views of a means for operating parts of the apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 4 and 5 are somewhat schematic views of means for operating other parts of the apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIGS. 6 and 7 are somewhat schematic views showing a cord loop retainer means; and

FIG. 8 is a detail view of a cord inserting needle showing in chain line the path of movement of the needle point.

An apparatus for producing a curtain from a piece of curtain fabric comprises a framework. The framework is so eonstructued that, when covered externally with, for example, metal sheets 10, it defines a rectangular housing. The top of the housing has, across its width and centrally thereof, a well 11 into which, as will be explained later, part of a length of curtain material 12 can be located.

The top of the housing 10, in addition to the well 11 is provided across its width at the front and rear with a folding flap arrangement 13, 14. The flaps 13a, 14a are in pairs and each pair is hinged on a hinge pin 15 along the abutting edges of the flaps. The outermost edges of each pair of flaps at their ends are provided with support rods 16 which extend from the ends outwardly. The flaps 13a, 14a of each pair which are nearest to the Well 11 are pivoted in the inner ends of guide channels 17 the open sides of which face inwardly towards each other. The outer flaps conveniently have rollers (not shown) on their support rods 16 which engage in the channels 17 so that the flaps 13a, 14a can fold along their hinge pins 15 to cause the innermost flaps of each pair to pivot about their support rods 16 and the outermost flaps to move towards the innermost flaps with the rollers running in the channels 17 so that at their extremity of movement, the faces of the flaps are in abutment (see FIG. 3) and the flaps lie at right angles to the plane of the remainder of the top of the housing 10.

To enable the two pairs of flaps 13a, 14a, to operate in unison, the outer flap 13a of that pair of flaps 13 which, in use, are at the front of the housing 10 is provided with an operating handle 18 pivotally mounted as at 19 on the outer edge of the flap 13a.

Connected to the support rods 16 of the innermost flap 13a, 14a of each pair is a connector rod 20 on which is mounted a pivotable lever 21, these levers 21 being themselves pivotally connected each to one end of a rotatable link bar 22 mounted centrally below the well 11 on a stub axle 23 carried by the framework.

In use, pushing the handle 18 of the flap 13a at the front of the housing 10 causes it to pivot about the hinge 19 of the connected flap and the rollers of the support rods 16 run in the guide channels 17 towards the pivot 16 of the flaps 13a, 14a pivoted adjacent the well 11. The connector rods 20 pivot as the inner flap pivots and thus the levers 21 and the link bar 22 move in unison to pivot the inner fiap 14a of the pair of flaps 14, this in turn causing its outer flap 14a to pivot about the connecting hinge and the rollers to run in the channels 17. Both pairs of flaps 13, 14, therefore, operate in unison. The handle 18 is spring loaded, by means of springs 24 and a spring rod 25, to resist the pushing action and thus prevent accidental operation. Additionally the spring 24, after the handle 18 has been moved through a short distance, serves to assist in the folding together of the flaps. By virtue of the dimensions of the cranked form of the handle 18 this spring assistance will also be given during the later part of the movement required to return the flaps to their position in the plane of the top of the housing 10. The handle 18 is of cranked form to provide a part 18a which when the flaps 13a are in the plane of the top of the housing 10, bears against the underside of the inner flap 13a.

Pulling the handle 18 when the flaps 13a, 14a are in their abutting position as shown in FIG. 3 will cause the flaps 13a, 14a to move back to a fiat position in the plane of the top of the housing, the part 18a of the handle pushing against the flap 14a to ensure that it becomes properly positioned.

Also mounted on the table are two gripper bars 26. there being one gripper adjacent the innermost flap, 13a, 14a of the two pairs. The gripper bars 26 extend across the width of the top of the housing. Each gripper bar 26 is provided at each end with a connector 27 which is pivotally mounted as at 28 on a post 29 extending upwardly from the top of the housing 10 and each connector 27 is provided with a helical spring which is secured to the upper end of the adjacent post 29. The springs 30 tend normally to hold the gripper bars 26 in a position raised from the top of the housing 10. Associated with each gripper bar is a pair of retainer hooks 31, these each comprising a lever 32 pivoted about its centre on a pivot pin 33 carried by the framework of the housing. At their upper ends the levers 32 are formed with the hook 31 adapted to overlie the gripper bars 26. At their lower ends the levers 32 are provided with a pivot pin 34 which engages in a slot 35 formed at the end of a draw bar 36. The draw bars 36 are of such length that they terminate below the well 11 and at its longitudinal centre line. The draw bars 36 are pivotally connected to diametrically opposed pivot pins 37 carried by a pivot disc 38. The pivot discs 38 are carried by a pivot 39 carried in the framework of the housing.

Each lever 32 has at its lower end a helical spring 40 which is attached to the framework of the housing 10. The springs 40 tend normally to hold the levers 32 in a position such that their hooks 31 would engage the gripper bars 26. Due to the provision of the slots 35 in the draw bars 36, however, the levers 32 can be manually disengaged from the gripper bars 26 as explained below.

Each pivot disc 38 is provided with a push rod 41a extending through the front of the housing 10 so that, with the hooks 31 engaging the gripper bars 26 and the latter in their lowered position, pressure on the push rods 41a will cause the hooks 31 to be moved from the gripper bars to cause the latter, under the influence of the springs 30, to lift from the top of the housing 10.

The springs 40 will return the hooks 31 after the gripper bars 26 have been moved. When it is desired to return the gripper bars 26 to a gripping position they are pushed down and the hooks move to allow them to pass and the arc sprung into a holding position over the gripper bars by the springs 40.

At the front and rear sides of the housing is provided a runway 41 for the rollers 42 of an adhesive applicator head. In addition to the runway at the front and rear of the housing, is a rack 43.

The adhesive applicator head comprises a housing 44 containing adhesive trough 45 at the front and rear. The troughs 45 are open at the bottom. The opening of each trough 45 is brushed by the periphery of a doctor roll 46 so that whilst the roll 46 can pick up adhesive excessive flow through the opening is prevented. Each doctor roll 46 is during the movement of the head to provide adhesive, slightly clear of the edges of the opening in the trough 45. When the applicator is being returned to its intial position the doctor rolls 46 are in close contact with the edges of the opening in the trough 45 to prevent escape of adhesive. Conveniently the adhesive troughs are carried by a shaft 68 which is provided with cams co-operating with the grooves 68a on the troughs. Movement of the handle 69 to rotate the shaft 68 will thus cause movement of the troughs either towards or away from the doctor rolls 46 depending upon which direction the head is moved. The surface of the roll 48 is grooved longitudinally at spaced intervals so that the lands 48a thereon will receive adhesive from the doctor roll 46 and when the applicator 48 is rolled on fabric 12 on the flaps 13a spaced stripes 49 of adhesive will be applied. The rotational axis of the doctor and applicator rolls is at right angles to the front and rear of the housing 10. Drive for the doctor and applicator rolls 46, 48 and 46, 47 is obtained by intermeshing pinions, one of which, namely 50, runs on the rack 43 to drive the applicator roll 48- directly and the doctor roll 46 is provided with a pinion 51 meshing with the applicator roll pinion 50. The drive ratio is 1:1. The rolls 46 and 47 are driven in a similar manner by pinions (not shown) one of which meshes with the teeth of the rack 43 at the rear of the housing. If desired the distance of the applicator rolls 47 and 48 from the top of the housing may be made adjustable. In such case the rolls 46 would be simultaneously adjustable. In the applicator head is a means for introducing a cord 53 to the fabric 12 being coated. This cord 53 is to be laid onto the fabric and is, at intervals corresponding to the spacing of the grooves of the applicator roll, to be pushed through the fabric to form a loop 54.

The arrangement for achieving this comprises the provision, in the adhesive applicator head, of a mounting 55 for a cord supply spool 56. Additionally there is provided a fabric punching needle 57 which is either provided with an eye or is hooked to receive cord 53 and push it through the hole punched to form the cord loop 54 on the uncoated face of the fabric 12. The needle 57 is mounted for reciprocation at right angles to the plane of the top of the housing 10 and for this purpose a slideway 58 (see FIG. 8) is provided in the head within which is a slot 58:: within which a needle pivot pin 59 is mounted. The slot 58a. is waisted and the needle pivot pin 59 is moved, in a figure of eight movement along the wall of the slot by a needle reciprocation means described below. Needle reciprocation is caused by means of a driveshaft 60 on which is mounted a pinion 61 meshing with an idler pinion 62 which in turn meshes with the doctor roll pinion 51. The gear ratio is such that the needle 57 punches the fabric 12 in the uncoated space between each stripe 54 of adhesive. The drive shaft 61 is provided with a disc 63 on the face of which is a pivot pin 64 to which the end of the needle 57 is attached. On rotation the shaft 60 causes the needle 57 to reciprocate in such manner that it rapidly enters and leaves the fabric 12 somewhat in the manner of a sewing machine needle. The motion of the needle '57 is indicated in chain line in FIG. 8.

Cord 53 is supplied to the needle hook from the spool 56 by passing it through a guide chute 65.

In order to prevent damage to the needle 57 and to allow the formation of loops 54 of cord the front flap 13a is apertured as at 66 at spaced intervals corresponding to the spaced grooves of the adhesive applicator roll 48 so that the needle 57 and the cord 53 is pushed through the fabric 12 through each aperture in the flap 13a. and

the needle 57 then returns leaving a loop of cord on the fabric face and in the apertures 66 of the flap 13a.

-As stated above, the adhesive applicator head 44 is mounted on rollers 42. The rollers 42 may be carried by pivoted arms mounted on the head 44, the arrangement being such that on the operative pass of the head 44 across the fabric width the applicator rolls 47 and 48 are in contact with the fabric 12.. On the return stroke of the head 44 no adhesive is applied. To achieve this pivoted arms which carry the rollers 42 would be moved, for example by a cam operated by the handle 69', to raise the pinions 50 thus disconnecting the latter from the racks 43 to prevent the operation of the needle 57 and the rotation of the adhesive applicator rolls 47 and 48.

The roll 47 is conveniently flanged at its ends as at 70 to apply two parallel strips 71 of adhesive across the width of the fabric 12.

Below the rack 43 and formed on the flap 13a is a flange 72 which has a series of holes 73 therein corresponding to the holes 66 of the flap 13a. In each of these holes 73 is a cranked pin 74 which is spring loaded by a spring 75 outwardly of the flange 72. The pins 74 each pass through a guide block 76 in the flap 13a. Mounted on the head 44 is a pusher block 77 which, as the head moves across the housing 10, pushes the pins 74 into the loops 54 of cord 53 to hold several of the loops 54 in position and prevent them being drawn back through the fabric by movement of the head 44. FIGS. 6 and 7 show this arrangement.

In use, to produce a curtain, the gripper bars 26 are raised, the flaps 13a, 14a are positioned in the plane of the top of the housing and the applicator head 44 is located at one end of the housing 10. A length of curtain fabric 12 is placed on the top of the housing 10 with all but the top and bottom ends in the well 11. The top end is drawn over the flaps 13a to a front guide line (not shown) and the front gripper 26 is lowered onto the fabric 12 to hold it against slipping onto the well 11. The bottom end of the fabric 12 is similarly positioned on the rear flaps 14a and gripped. The extreme ends of the fabric 12 are thus free. The adhesive applicator head 44 is drawn across the fabric 12 to apply the spaced stripes 49 of adhesive at right angles to the top end of the fabric 12 and to apply the continuous strips 71 at the bottom end and this motion causes cord 53 to be fed to the needle 57, which punches the fabric 12 and forms the loops 54. The cord 53 is initially held at the commencement of the operative pass of the adhesive applicator head 44 and after the first one or two loops 54 have been formed the pins 74 prevent the cord 53 from being drawn out of its looped form thus the cord 53 is always supplied from the spool 56. The cord adheres to the adhesive stripes 49. At the end of the operative pass the cord 53 is cut. The flaps 13a, 14a are operated to fold the coated ends of the fabric 12 to form a hem and the pressure applied by the flaps 13a, 14a causes the turned over ends of the fabric to stick together to form top and bottom hems and to trap the cord 53 firmly in the top hem with the loops 54 projecting from the back of the hem. The flaps are returned to their flat position and the formed curtain removed in order that another curtain can be made. The head is now returned to its original position ready for use in the manufacture of another curtain. Clearly a contact adhesive is used so that immediate adhesion takes place. Within minutes of manufacture the curtain can in fact be hung.

One of the advantages of the apparatus described lies in the fact that it completely obviates the need for stitching and the need for curtain heading tapes of any known form. The adhesive so stiffens the hems that the curtain is self supporting at the hems. Whilst the hems are self supporting (which is advantageous particularly for the upper hem) they are easily foldable for pleating purposes due to the existence of non-coated stripes between the adhesive stripes 49 which non-coated stripes act in effect as hinge lines about which the pleats can be formed.

The invention is not restricted to the above details. For example the needle 57 and its motion may be modified.

-In a further modification instead of raising the frames 67 of the applicator head to disengage the drive pinion from the rack 43 the rack 43 may be provided, at each end with a trip lever which, when tripped by a contactor on the applicator head 44 will, at one end of the rack operate to lower the whole of the rack 43 out of contact with the drive pinion 50.

The needle 57 and means for operating it may also be modified and one such modification comprises mounting the needle 57 for reciprocation at right angles to the plane of the table and for this purpose a slideway is provided in the head within which is a slider upon which the needle is mounted. The slider is spring loaded normally to hold the needle in a raised position. Needle reciprocation is caused by means of a drive shaft on which is mounted a pinion meshing with the doctor roll pinion. The gearing is such that the needle punches the fabric in the uncoated space between each stripe of adhesive. The drive shaft is provided with a cam whose shape is such that it will, on rotation of the shaft, cause the slider, and thus the needle, to reciprocate in such manner that the needle rapidly enters and leaves the fabric somewhat in the manner of a sewing machine needle.

Cord is supplied to the needle hook from the spool by passing it around a guide pulley and below a knurled roll. The cord then contacts the needle hook and passes below a second knurled roll.

If desired the Whole of the adhesive applicator head may be carried by pivoted arms mounted in the head. The arms would carry the rollers 42 and the arrangement would be such that on the operative pass of the head across the fabric width the applicator roll and the rolls holding the cord are in contact with the fabric. On the return stroke of the head the arms carrying the rollers are pivoted toward each other to raise the head and thus the applicator rolls and the cord rolls clear of the fabric so that no cord is fed to the needle and no adhesive is applied. To achieve this the arms would be connected to a handle which, when the operative pass is made spreads them apart to lower the head and on the return pass causes them to pivot toward each other to raise the head.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for producing at least the upper hem of a curtain including a table, means for gripping a curtain material at a position parallel to its extreme edge and retaining it against movement relative to the table, means for applying an adhesive between the edge of the material and the line along which it is gripped, means for applying a cord parallel to the edge of the material and the adhesive coated region of the curtain and simultaneously forming loops of cord on the uncoated face of the material, means for folding the adhesive coated region of the curtain together and applying pressure to cause the folded portions to adhere, the fold line being so positioned that the looped cord lies on the reverse face of the hem so formed.

2. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the means for applying an adhesive is formed to produce spaced strips of adhesive, the longer axes of the stripes being at right angles to the edge of the curtain material and the line along which it is gripped.

3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the means for applying the cord and forming the loops is synchronised with the means for producing the stripes of adhesive such that the loops are formed between the stripes.

4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the means for applying the adhesive is in the form of a longitudinally grooved roller adapted, between the grooves to receive adhesive material from an applicator roll, means being provided for moving the roller across the width of the curtain in contact therewith to produce spaced stripes of adhesive, and means for disengaging the roller from the material after coating to return it to a starting position for the application of adhesive to a succeeding piece of material.

5. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4 in which the adhesive applying roll and the applicator roll are provided with meshing pinions, the pinion of the adhesive applying roll being associated with a rack mounted on a housing of the apparatus along one side thereof.

6. Apparatus as claimed in claim 5 in which the adhesive applicator and the adhesive applying rolls are mounted on spindles extending across the width of a housing to serve respectively as spindles for an adhesive applicator and associated adhesive applying roll for producing at least one continuous strip of adhesive across a piece of material to be hemmed to thereby permit simultaneous application of adhesive to the top and bottom edges of the material to be hemmed.

7. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4 in which there is provided an adhesive container associated with the applicator roll whereby adhesive may be transferred from the container to the adhesive applying roll.

8. Apparatus as claimed in claim 4 in which the means for applying adhesive is carried within a housing movable across the table on rollers adapted to run in a track said track and rollers being so positioned as to enable a pinion on an adhesive applying roll to mesh with the teeth of a rack mounted on a housing of the apparatus.

9. Apparatus as claimed in claim 8 in which means are provided for disengaging the pinion of the adhesive applying roll from the rack whereby after movement of the adhesive applying roll across the Width of a piece of fabric to be hemmed the roll is returned to a starting position Without applying further adhesive.

10. Apparatus as claimed in claim 9 in which the pinion of the adhesive applying roll is arranged to be raised to disengage its teeth from the teeth of the rack.

11. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the table is formed, at the position to be assumed by the upper portion of the curtain at least, with two flaps foldable from a position in which they lie in a common plane to one in which their faces abut whereby an adhesive coated region of the curtain becomes folded to bring the adhesive coatings into contact to form the hem.

12. Apparatus as claimed in claim 11 in which there are two pairs of flaps located one along each side of a well in the top of a housing of the apparatus, each pair of flaps being hinged together at their adjacent edges whereby they can be folded to fold and form a hem on a piece of material, that one of each of said pairs of flaps adjacent the well being pivoted and the other one of each of said pairs of flaps being slidably and pivotally mounted in the housing to enable the folding action of the flaps to be achieved.

13. Apparatus as claimed in claim 12 in which the two pairs of flaps are connected by a linkage whereby folding movement of one pair of flaps simultaneously causes folding movement of the other pair.

14. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which means are provided to produce a lower hem simultaneously with the upper hem by providing a further pair of foldable flaps spaced from the first, there being a fabric gripper means and an adhesive applicator associated with this set of flaps and operable in synchronism with the gripper means and adhesive applicator for the upper hem.

15. Apparatus as claimed in claim 14 in which the adhesive applicator is associated with an adhesive applying roll adapted to produce at least one continuous strip of adhesive across the width of a fabric to be hemmed, and with an adhesive container from which it serves to transfer adhesive to the adhesive applying roll.

16. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the table is provided with a well adapted to receive part of the material to be formed into a curtain during formation of the hem.

17. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 in which the means for laying the cord includes a needle adapted to be reciprocated to produce spaced holes in a fabric and simultaneously to lay in a cord in which loops are formed on that face of the fabric opposite to that through which the needle first passes.

18. Apparatus as claimed in claim 17 in which the needle is pivotally and reciprocably mounted in a guide plate having a waisted slot therein whose Wall is of such form as to cause a pivot means on the needle to follow a substantially figure of eight path.

19. Apparatus as claimed in claim 18 in which the needle is pivotally connected to a disc adjacent its periphery, said disc being carried by a centrally disposed spindle provided with a pinion adapted to mesh with an idler pinion the latter serving to transmit drive to the spindle pinion, and thus the disc and needle, from a pinion mounted in an adhesive applying roll.

20. Apparatus as claimed in claim 17 in which cord is applied from a supply reel.

21. Apparatus as claimed in claim 17 in which the loops of cord are retained in position by reciprocable cranked pins adapted to be moved into the loops against the reaction of resilient means associated with the pins as an adhesive applying head is moved across the width of a housing of the apparatus.

22. Apparatus as claimed in claim 21 in which the pins are mounted adjacent one end in holes on a pivotable flap, there being guide blocks intermediate the width of the flap for supporting the pins intermediate their ends.

23. Apparatus as claimed in claim 21 in which a pusher block is provided on the adhesive applying head and adapted to cause movement of the pins into the loops of cord.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,798,523 7/1957 Barrett 156-200 2,961,983 11/1960 Rhodes 112-79 R 3,084,641 3/1963 Phillips et al. 112-10 X 3,095,840 7/1963 Ballard 112-79 X 3,109,394 11/1963 Golden 112-10 3,167,041 1/1965 Briggs -112121.14

BENJAMIN A. BORCHELT, Primary Examiner H. J. TUDOR, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

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