US3648715A - Cold temperature water drain for locomotives - Google Patents

Cold temperature water drain for locomotives Download PDF

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US3648715A
US3648715A US49827A US3648715DA US3648715A US 3648715 A US3648715 A US 3648715A US 49827 A US49827 A US 49827A US 3648715D A US3648715D A US 3648715DA US 3648715 A US3648715 A US 3648715A
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water
squib
bore
water system
cold temperature
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US49827A
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Clyde O Boothe
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Farr Co
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Farr Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/40—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves with a fracturing member, e.g. fracturing diaphragm, glass, fusible joint
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K13/00—Other constructional types of cut-off apparatus; Arrangements for cutting-off
    • F16K13/04—Other constructional types of cut-off apparatus; Arrangements for cutting-off with a breakable closure member
    • F16K13/06—Other constructional types of cut-off apparatus; Arrangements for cutting-off with a breakable closure member constructed to be ruptured by an explosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/1189—Freeze condition responsive safety systems
    • Y10T137/1353—Low temperature responsive drains
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/1624—Destructible or deformable element controlled
    • Y10T137/1632—Destructible element
    • Y10T137/1647—Explosive actuation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/1624—Destructible or deformable element controlled
    • Y10T137/1632—Destructible element
    • Y10T137/1692—Rupture disc
    • Y10T137/1714—Direct pressure causes disc to burst

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a means whereby should freezing conditions develop, the water is automatically drained from the locomotive.
  • a primary object is to provide a cold temperature water drain for locomotives which utilizes an explosive squib located adjacent a drain plug which, when fired, produces a pressure surge in the water sufficient to blow the drain plug free; the squib being fired when a temperature sensing means triggers a firing circuit.
  • a further object is to provide an automatic water drain for locomotives which is inexpensive, and of greater importance, is highly dependable, the device being capable of remaining dormant for months, even years, before operation.
  • a further object is to provide a device of this class, which after operation or for test, may be removed and another device substituted merely by separation of one electrical connector.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial sectional, partial side view of the cold temperature water drain for locomotives, and showing fragmentarily a drain pipe depending from the water system of the locomotive.
  • FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram, illustrating the circuit which controls the explosive squib.
  • the cold temperature water drain for locomotives includes a housing 1, having a vertical bore 2 screw-threaded at its upper end for attachment to a drain line 3 depending from the water system of the locomotive.
  • the lower end of the bore 2 is normally closed by a drain plug 4, in the form of a concave closure disk pressed into a rudimentary counterbore 5.
  • the housing includes a chamber 6, located at one side of the bore 2 and provided with a cover 7 as well as a screw-threaded tubular boss 8. Mounted in the wall between the bore 2 and the side chamber 6 is an explosive squib 9.
  • control unit 10 Mounted within the side chamber is a control unit 10 involving a circuit shown within broken lines in FIG. 2.
  • the control circuit as well as the end of the squib protruding into the side chamber is encased in a suitable potting resin 11.
  • the control circuit 10 includes a bridge 12, having fixed resistors 13 in two arms; the third arm is provided with an adjustable potentiometer l4, and the fourth arm is coupled to a thermistor 15.
  • the thermistor need not be located in the side chamber but may be at a remote location in the locomotive engine s cooling water system, the connecting wires extending through suitable conduit, not shown, screw-threaded to the boss 8.
  • the bridge output goes to an integrated circuit amplifier 16, operating in open loop mode and preferably having a gain of about 60,000.
  • the output of the amplifier l6 triggers a twostage transistor amplifier 17, which when activated, short circuits a battery 18 and a large capacitor 19 through the squib so as to produce a voltage and current surge sufficient to fire the squib.
  • the battery may be maintained at full potential by trickle charger components such as a diode rectifier 20 and current limiting resistor 21 connected across the battery.
  • trickle charger components such as a diode rectifier 20 and current limiting resistor 21 connected across the battery.
  • An external power source from the locomotive is connected to leads 22 and 23.
  • the resistance, of the thermistor is such that the bridge output biases the amplifier 16 to cut off.
  • the bridge output reverses polarity actuating the amplifiers l6 and 17, triggering the circuit through the squib 9, battery 18 and capacitor 19. Ignition of the squib produces a pressure surge in the water contained in the bore 2 sufficient to drive the drain plug 4 from the lower end of the .bore 2 so that water may drain from the locomotive water system.
  • an automatic cold temperature water drainage means comprising, means forming a drain opening for the water system, a closure for the drain opening in contact with the water in the water system and adapted to open in response to a predetermined transitional pressure surge therein, an explosive squib adjacent the closure and also in contact with the water in the water system for producing said pressure surge in the water system, at least in that portion of the water system between the squib and closure sutficient to drive the closure from the drain opening and means sensitive to a predetermined cold temperature for activating the pressure surge producing means.
  • the cold sensitive activating means includes a bridge having a thennistor, an amplifier normally biased by the bridge to its off condition and responsive to predetermined change in the resistance of the thermistor to cause completion of a circuit through the squib.
  • an automatic cold temperature water drainage means comprising, a fitting adapted to be connected to a low point in the water system and having a drain bore, a plug closing the lower end of the bore and in contact with the water in the bore, the plug adapted to be driven from the bore at a predetermined surge pressure to permit drainage of water from the water system through the bore, an explosive squib having a rupturable wall in contact with the water in the bore, the explosive squib on ignition producing a pressure surge in the water within the bore sufficient to drive the plug therefrom, and means sensitive to a predetermined cold temperature for activating the pressure surge producing means.
  • the cold temperature activating means includes an electric power source and condenser adapted to ignite the squib, a bridge having a thermistor for sensing temperature change, an amplifier nonnally biased to an off condition by the bridge and responsive to a predetermined change in the resistance of the thermistor to cause completion of a circuit through the power source, condenser and squib.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A water drain for locomotives in which an explosive squib adjacent a drain plug creates a pressure surge sufficient to force the drain plug free so that the water can drain from the water cooling system; the squib being actuated by a thermistor which triggers a firing circuit when the temperature drops to a preselected level.

Description

United States Patent Boothe Mar. 14, 1972 [54] COLD TEMPERATURE WATER DRAIN [56] References Cited FOR LOCOMOTIVES UNITED STATES PATENTS [721 Inventor Clyde Emmi 3,122,154 2/1964 Siebel et al. 137/68 Cahf- 3,460,993 8/1969 Saunders et al.. ..137/7o x 73 Assign: Company El Segundo, C nt 1,028,808 6/l9l2 Campbell l 23/4Ll4 X [22] Filed: June 25, 1970 Primary Examiner-M. Cary Nelson Assistant Examiner-Richard Gerard No.1 Att n y Lyon & Lyon [52 US. Cl. ..l37/62, 137/68, 219/499, [571 ABSTRACT 219/501- 307/117 A water drain for locomotives in which an explosive squib ad- [51] Int. Cl. ..Fl6k 13/06 jacem a drain plug creates a pressure surge sufficient to force [58] Field of Search ..137/5962, 68-71; the drain plug free so that the water can drain from the water l23/4l.l4 cooling system; the squib being actuated by a thermistor which triggers a firing circuit when the temperature drops to a preselected level.
4Claims, 2Drawing Figures Patented March 14, 1972 3,648,715
lTHf-IRMESTOR C005 0 BOOTHE Arrow 5V5 I corn TEMPERATURE WATER DRAIN FOR LOCOMOTIVES It is often necessary that a railroad locomotive be left idle on a siding for a few hours or days. This may be due to the need for repair outside the skill or training of the operating crew; or due to trafi'rc conditions or other reasons. Should this occur during freezing weather, it is necessary that the water be drained from the water cooling system, for should the water freeze, great damage to the engine may occur.
The present invention is directed to a means whereby should freezing conditions develop, the water is automatically drained from the locomotive.
, A primary object is to provide a cold temperature water drain for locomotives which utilizes an explosive squib located adjacent a drain plug which, when fired, produces a pressure surge in the water sufficient to blow the drain plug free; the squib being fired when a temperature sensing means triggers a firing circuit.
A further object is to provide an automatic water drain for locomotives which is inexpensive, and of greater importance, is highly dependable, the device being capable of remaining dormant for months, even years, before operation.
A further object is to provide a device of this class, which after operation or for test, may be removed and another device substituted merely by separation of one electrical connector.
Still other objects and advantages of the cold temperature water drain for locomotives of this invention will appear from the following description and the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a partial sectional, partial side view of the cold temperature water drain for locomotives, and showing fragmentarily a drain pipe depending from the water system of the locomotive.
FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram, illustrating the circuit which controls the explosive squib.
The cold temperature water drain for locomotives includes a housing 1, having a vertical bore 2 screw-threaded at its upper end for attachment to a drain line 3 depending from the water system of the locomotive. The lower end of the bore 2 is normally closed by a drain plug 4, in the form of a concave closure disk pressed into a rudimentary counterbore 5.
The housing includes a chamber 6, located at one side of the bore 2 and provided with a cover 7 as well as a screw-threaded tubular boss 8. Mounted in the wall between the bore 2 and the side chamber 6 is an explosive squib 9.
Mounted within the side chamber is a control unit 10 involving a circuit shown within broken lines in FIG. 2. The control circuit as well as the end of the squib protruding into the side chamber is encased in a suitable potting resin 11. p
The control circuit 10 includes a bridge 12, having fixed resistors 13 in two arms; the third arm is provided with an adjustable potentiometer l4, and the fourth arm is coupled to a thermistor 15. The thermistor need not be located in the side chamber but may be at a remote location in the locomotive engine s cooling water system, the connecting wires extending through suitable conduit, not shown, screw-threaded to the boss 8.
The bridge output goes to an integrated circuit amplifier 16, operating in open loop mode and preferably having a gain of about 60,000. The output of the amplifier l6 triggers a twostage transistor amplifier 17, which when activated, short circuits a battery 18 and a large capacitor 19 through the squib so as to produce a voltage and current surge sufficient to fire the squib.
The battery may be maintained at full potential by trickle charger components such as a diode rectifier 20 and current limiting resistor 21 connected across the battery. An external power source from the locomotive is connected to leads 22 and 23.
Operation of the cold temperature water drain for locomotives is as follows:
Normally, that IS, at temperatures above a critical low temperature, the resistance, of the thermistor is such that the bridge output biases the amplifier 16 to cut off. When the temperature is lowered past the present critical point, determined by the potentiometer 14, the bridge output reverses polarity actuating the amplifiers l6 and 17, triggering the circuit through the squib 9, battery 18 and capacitor 19. Ignition of the squib produces a pressure surge in the water contained in the bore 2 sufficient to drive the drain plug 4 from the lower end of the .bore 2 so that water may drain from the locomotive water system.
Thus by this invention I provide a novel cold temperature water drain which although primarily intended for locomotives, is also applicable to any closed water system which might besubjected to damage should water freeze therein. This is possible with the form of my invention herein disclosed but it is to be understood that additional embodiments and forms of cold temperature water drains may come within my invention defined by the appended claims.
I claim:
1. The combination with a water system subject to freezing temperatures, of an automatic cold temperature water drainage means, comprising, means forming a drain opening for the water system, a closure for the drain opening in contact with the water in the water system and adapted to open in response to a predetermined transitional pressure surge therein, an explosive squib adjacent the closure and also in contact with the water in the water system for producing said pressure surge in the water system, at least in that portion of the water system between the squib and closure sutficient to drive the closure from the drain opening and means sensitive to a predetermined cold temperature for activating the pressure surge producing means.
2. A drainage means as defined in claim 1 wherein, the cold sensitive activating means includes a bridge having a thennistor, an amplifier normally biased by the bridge to its off condition and responsive to predetermined change in the resistance of the thermistor to cause completion of a circuit through the squib.
3. The combination with a water system subject to freezing temperatures, of an automatic cold temperature water drainage means, comprising, a fitting adapted to be connected to a low point in the water system and having a drain bore, a plug closing the lower end of the bore and in contact with the water in the bore, the plug adapted to be driven from the bore at a predetermined surge pressure to permit drainage of water from the water system through the bore, an explosive squib having a rupturable wall in contact with the water in the bore, the explosive squib on ignition producing a pressure surge in the water within the bore sufficient to drive the plug therefrom, and means sensitive to a predetermined cold temperature for activating the pressure surge producing means.
4. A drainage means as defined in claim 3, wherein, the cold temperature activating means includes an electric power source and condenser adapted to ignite the squib, a bridge having a thermistor for sensing temperature change, an amplifier nonnally biased to an off condition by the bridge and responsive to a predetermined change in the resistance of the thermistor to cause completion of a circuit through the power source, condenser and squib.

Claims (4)

1. The combination with a water system subject to freezing temperatures, of an automatic cold temperature water drainage means, comprising, means forming a drain opening for the water system, a closure for the drain opening in contact with the water in the water system and adapted to open in response to a predetermined transitional pressure surge therein, an explosive squib adjacent the closure and also in contact with the water in the water system for producing said pressure surge in the water system, at least in that portion of the water system between the squib and closure sufficient to drive the closure from the drain opening and means sensitive to a predetermined cold temperature for activating the pressure surge producing means.
2. A drainage means as defined in claim 1 wherein, the cold sensitive activating means includes a bridge having a thermistor, an amplifier normally biased by the bridge to its off condition and responsive to predetermined change in the resistance of the thermistor to cause completion of a circuit through the squib.
3. The combination with a water system subject to freezing temperatures, of an automatic cold temperature water drainage means, comprising, a fitting adapted to be connected to a low point in the water system and having a drain bore, a plug closing the lower end of the bore and in contact with the water in the bore, the plug adapted to be driven from the bore at a predetermined surge pressure to permit drainage of water from the water system through the bore, an explosive squib having a rupturable wall in contact with the water in the bore, the explosive squib on ignition producing a pressure surge in the water within the bore sufficient to drive the plug therefrom, and means sensitive to a predetermined cold temperature for activating the pressure surge producing means.
4. A drainage means as defined in claim 3, wherein, the cold temperature activating means includes an electric power source and condenser adapted to ignite the squib, a bridge having a thermistor for sensing temperature change, an amplifier normally biased to an off condition by the bridge and responsive to a predetermined change in the resistance of the thermistor to cause completion of a circuit through thE power source, condenser and squib.
US49827A 1970-06-25 1970-06-25 Cold temperature water drain for locomotives Expired - Lifetime US3648715A (en)

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3845274A (en) * 1973-09-26 1974-10-29 Interlab Inc Temperature controller for hybrid process tanks
FR2300958A1 (en) * 1975-02-13 1976-09-10 Conax Corp PRESSURIZED GAS RELEASE DEVICE, TRIGGERED BY WATER
US4126108A (en) * 1977-02-01 1978-11-21 Christensen Fredrich M Apparatus for draining a cooling system
US4231384A (en) * 1977-02-01 1980-11-04 Christensen Fredrich M Apparatus for draining a cooling system
FR2502729A1 (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-10-01 Sicli VALVE IN ALL OR NOTHING WITH PYROTECHNIC TRIGGER
US4394868A (en) * 1980-12-01 1983-07-26 Fike Metal Products Corporation Horizontal discharge assembly for vertically oriented fire extinguisher
US4657038A (en) * 1986-06-09 1987-04-14 Lyons Kevin D Apparatus for preventing water pipe freeze-up
US6227153B1 (en) 1999-09-17 2001-05-08 General Electric Company Engine cooling apparatus and method
US6230668B1 (en) 2000-05-22 2001-05-15 General Electric Company Locomotive cooling system
US6283100B1 (en) 2000-04-20 2001-09-04 General Electric Company Method and system for controlling a compression ignition engine during partial load conditions to reduce exhaust emissions
US6286311B1 (en) 2000-05-16 2001-09-11 General Electric Company System and method for controlling a locomotive engine during high load conditions at low ambient temperature
US6394044B1 (en) 2000-01-31 2002-05-28 General Electric Company Locomotive engine temperature control
FR2922874A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-05-01 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Sa Container e.g. lithium ion battery container, pressurizing method for e.g. chemical reactor field, involves thermo-initiating pyrotechnical charge, generating gas by combustion of charge, and pressurizing container under action of gas

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1028808A (en) * 1911-02-21 1912-06-04 Jacob Zill Means for preventing the freezing of water in the circulating systems of automobile-engines.
US3122154A (en) * 1961-01-09 1964-02-25 Siebel Explosive actuated valve
US3460993A (en) * 1967-10-23 1969-08-12 Whittaker Corp Release mechanism for automatic activator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1028808A (en) * 1911-02-21 1912-06-04 Jacob Zill Means for preventing the freezing of water in the circulating systems of automobile-engines.
US3122154A (en) * 1961-01-09 1964-02-25 Siebel Explosive actuated valve
US3460993A (en) * 1967-10-23 1969-08-12 Whittaker Corp Release mechanism for automatic activator

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3845274A (en) * 1973-09-26 1974-10-29 Interlab Inc Temperature controller for hybrid process tanks
FR2300958A1 (en) * 1975-02-13 1976-09-10 Conax Corp PRESSURIZED GAS RELEASE DEVICE, TRIGGERED BY WATER
US4126108A (en) * 1977-02-01 1978-11-21 Christensen Fredrich M Apparatus for draining a cooling system
US4231384A (en) * 1977-02-01 1980-11-04 Christensen Fredrich M Apparatus for draining a cooling system
US4394868A (en) * 1980-12-01 1983-07-26 Fike Metal Products Corporation Horizontal discharge assembly for vertically oriented fire extinguisher
EP0061964A1 (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-10-06 COMPAGNIE CENTRALE SICLI (Société Anonyme) Open or closed explosively actuated valve
FR2502729A1 (en) * 1981-03-30 1982-10-01 Sicli VALVE IN ALL OR NOTHING WITH PYROTECHNIC TRIGGER
US4657038A (en) * 1986-06-09 1987-04-14 Lyons Kevin D Apparatus for preventing water pipe freeze-up
US6227153B1 (en) 1999-09-17 2001-05-08 General Electric Company Engine cooling apparatus and method
US6394044B1 (en) 2000-01-31 2002-05-28 General Electric Company Locomotive engine temperature control
US6283100B1 (en) 2000-04-20 2001-09-04 General Electric Company Method and system for controlling a compression ignition engine during partial load conditions to reduce exhaust emissions
US6286311B1 (en) 2000-05-16 2001-09-11 General Electric Company System and method for controlling a locomotive engine during high load conditions at low ambient temperature
US6230668B1 (en) 2000-05-22 2001-05-15 General Electric Company Locomotive cooling system
FR2922874A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-05-01 Snpe Materiaux Energetiques Sa Container e.g. lithium ion battery container, pressurizing method for e.g. chemical reactor field, involves thermo-initiating pyrotechnical charge, generating gas by combustion of charge, and pressurizing container under action of gas

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