US3648682A - Heater with combustion chamber located below fluid distributing means - Google Patents

Heater with combustion chamber located below fluid distributing means Download PDF

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Publication number
US3648682A
US3648682A US885192A US3648682DA US3648682A US 3648682 A US3648682 A US 3648682A US 885192 A US885192 A US 885192A US 3648682D A US3648682D A US 3648682DA US 3648682 A US3648682 A US 3648682A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
column
liquid
combustion chamber
chamber
combustion
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US885192A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jacques Bougard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ateliers J Hanrez SA
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Ateliers J Hanrez SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ateliers J Hanrez SA filed Critical Ateliers J Hanrez SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3648682A publication Critical patent/US3648682A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/107—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using fluid fuel

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Liquid to be heated is introduced into the top of a column and distributed in downward flow through the column.
  • a combustion chamber is disposed within the column and has a closed top and closed side walls, and an open bottom.
  • Combustion gases produced by a burner in the combustion chamber are constrained to flow through the open bottom of the chamber and then upwardly through an annular space between the chamber and column whereat the gases commence to contact the downflowing liquid.
  • the spent gases are discharged at the top of the column and the heated liquid at the bottom of the column.
  • the present invention relates to the provision of a heater of the type comprising, in a column, a combustion chamber situated below a space equipped with fluid-distributing means, in which space the fluids meet in countercurrent, the heated liquid descending from one end and the combustion gases rising from the other.
  • the combustion chamber is open at the top, which means that the extremely hot gases leaving these chambers do not meet the liquid to be heated until they reach the space containing the distributing elements or, at best, meet the liquid only a short distance beneath these elements. Consequently, the grid supporting the distributing elements, and the elements themselves, are subjected to rapid corrosion and scaling, caused by the extremely hot combustion products which may be at a temperature of the order of 1,000 C. Moreover, since the transfer of heat from the gases to the liquid takes place substantially within the space containing the distributing elements, this space must be quite large and takes up a great part of the column.
  • heating apparatus including a combustion chamber having an opening in its underside, and an enclosed upper side, the combustion chamber enclosing a burner, there being provided means to distribute a liquid over the upper side of the combustion chamber, and means to collect the heated liquid beneath the chamber.
  • the combustion chamber may be positioned in a column, and the means to distribute the liquid may include a distributing element or elements positioned above the combustion chamber.
  • the burner may be aligned horizontally in the upper portion of the combustion chamber.
  • the distributing means may include a distributing tray positioned above the distributing element or elements.
  • the apparatus comprises, in a column 1 of a circular or rectangular cross section a combustion chamber 2 which has the shape of a bell closed on top and arranged below a grid 3 which supports distributing elements occupying the space 4. Above this space is arranged a tray 5 having a perforated bottom into which tray is connected a conduit 6 for feeding liquid to be heated. At the top of the column is provided a pipe 7 for evacuating the cooled combustion products towards the flue, and in the lower part of the column is provided a space 8 from which the liquid when heated is discharged via a conduit 9 towards the point of utilization. Near the top of the bell 2 is arranged a burner I in horizontal position to which burner fuel is fed through a conduit 11, and combustion air from a blower 12.
  • Liquid introduced through the conduit 6 spreads over the tray and, leaving the latter through the perforated bottom is distributed over the whole cross section of the space 4 which contains the distributing elements.
  • the liquid meets combustion products in the space 4, in a countercurrent flow after the latter have already been cooled to a considerable extent.
  • part of the finely dispersed liquid descends upon the bell 2, thereafter to trickle down through the annular space 13 thus remaining constantly in direct contact with the combustion products which are rising through the annular space 13.
  • the hot liquid collects in the space 8 below the combustion chamber and leaves the column through the conduit 9.
  • the combustion products produced in the bell 2 have a temperature of the order of l,000 C. when they clear the lower border of the bell, and they do so with great turbulence.
  • combustion products immediately start to surrender a large part of their heat to the liquid, both by radiation and by direct contact with the liquid descending in dispersed form, so that, at a point just above the lower part of the annular space U, the temperature of the combustion gases will have been reduced considerably, down to a point at which they no longer cause COITOSIOII or scaling. Because of this abrupt drop IIl temperature, the volume of the gases is also reduced considerably, and this enables them to rise in the annular space and in the space comprising the distributing elements without carrying with them descending liquid.
  • the hot liquid is corrosive because of its direct contact with the combustion products which latter contain acid anhydride substances.
  • the hot liquid which leaves the heater through conduit 9 as a primary liquid which surrenders its heat to a secondary liquid in a heat exchanger of corrosion resistant material and which reenters the heater in a closed circuit through conduit 6.
  • the secondary liquid would then serve for transmitting the heat to a point of utilization
  • Heating apparatus comprising a vertical column, a combustion chamber in the lower half portion of said column defining an annular passageway therearound between the chamber and the column, said combustion chamber having a top and side walls which are closed, and a bottom which is open, burner means disposed horizontally the combustion chamber at the upper portion thereof to discharge hot gases into said upper portion which then travel downwardly through the open bottom of said chamber and then upwardly through said annular passageway towards the top of said column, inlet means at the top of the column for supply of a liquid to be heated, the liquid flowing downwardly from said inlet means towards the bottom of the column, distribution means below said inlet means and above said combustion chamber for distributing the liquid therein, said combustion gases flowing upwardly in the distribution meansand contacting the downwardly flowing distributed liquid whereby heat exchange is effected therebetween, said liquid then flowing downwardly through said annular passageway for intense heating by contact with said combustion chamber and the combustion gases flowing upwardly in the annular passageway, and means at the bottom of the column for collecting the heated liquid below the combustion chamber and for discharging said

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
US885192A 1968-12-27 1969-12-15 Heater with combustion chamber located below fluid distributing means Expired - Lifetime US3648682A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE68138 1968-12-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3648682A true US3648682A (en) 1972-03-14

Family

ID=3841163

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US885192A Expired - Lifetime US3648682A (en) 1968-12-27 1969-12-15 Heater with combustion chamber located below fluid distributing means

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3648682A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT299493B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES374454A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2027178A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL6919368A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3994281A (en) * 1973-09-25 1976-11-30 Ateliers J. Hanrez Societe Anonyme Heat generator of the combustion product condensation type and process for heating a heat-carrying fluid
US4275708A (en) * 1978-08-31 1981-06-30 Wood Harry E Combined hot water heating and stripping column furnace and method
WO1983000210A1 (en) * 1981-06-26 1983-01-20 Wood, Harry, E. Combined hot water heating and stripping column furnace and method
US4596235A (en) * 1983-04-15 1986-06-24 Bougard Jacques L Heating apparatus
US4658803A (en) * 1984-11-07 1987-04-21 British Gas Corporation Gas-fired water heaters
US4753220A (en) * 1987-02-05 1988-06-28 Ludell Manufacturing Company Direct contact water heater
US4765280A (en) * 1986-01-31 1988-08-23 Maeda Iron Works Co., Ltd. Direct-contact type hot water heater
US4852524A (en) * 1988-06-16 1989-08-01 Aerco International, Inc. Gas fired water heater
US5086731A (en) * 1989-03-15 1992-02-11 British Gas Plc Water heater
US5168861A (en) * 1991-11-20 1992-12-08 Ludell Manufacturing Company Direct contact water heater
US5520165A (en) * 1995-03-08 1996-05-28 Institute Of Gas Technology Hybrid direct/indirect water heating process and apparatus
US6776153B1 (en) 2003-03-11 2004-08-17 B. Keith Walker Hybrid atmospheric water heater
US20140245971A1 (en) * 2013-03-01 2014-09-04 Archie Sylvanius Tateson Water heater
WO2016055973A1 (en) * 2014-10-10 2016-04-14 Thermax Limited Hybrid air heater

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE87189C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
GB190507031A (en) * 1905-04-03 1905-08-31 William Manley Improvements in and relating to Geysers.
GB190526524A (en) * 1905-12-19 1906-09-27 Henry John Wheeler Improvements in Geysers
US3190283A (en) * 1962-10-23 1965-06-22 Miyahara Kingo Compact instantaneous water heater

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE87189C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *
GB190507031A (en) * 1905-04-03 1905-08-31 William Manley Improvements in and relating to Geysers.
GB190526524A (en) * 1905-12-19 1906-09-27 Henry John Wheeler Improvements in Geysers
US3190283A (en) * 1962-10-23 1965-06-22 Miyahara Kingo Compact instantaneous water heater

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3994281A (en) * 1973-09-25 1976-11-30 Ateliers J. Hanrez Societe Anonyme Heat generator of the combustion product condensation type and process for heating a heat-carrying fluid
US4275708A (en) * 1978-08-31 1981-06-30 Wood Harry E Combined hot water heating and stripping column furnace and method
WO1983000210A1 (en) * 1981-06-26 1983-01-20 Wood, Harry, E. Combined hot water heating and stripping column furnace and method
US4596235A (en) * 1983-04-15 1986-06-24 Bougard Jacques L Heating apparatus
US4658803A (en) * 1984-11-07 1987-04-21 British Gas Corporation Gas-fired water heaters
US4765280A (en) * 1986-01-31 1988-08-23 Maeda Iron Works Co., Ltd. Direct-contact type hot water heater
US4753220A (en) * 1987-02-05 1988-06-28 Ludell Manufacturing Company Direct contact water heater
US4852524A (en) * 1988-06-16 1989-08-01 Aerco International, Inc. Gas fired water heater
US5086731A (en) * 1989-03-15 1992-02-11 British Gas Plc Water heater
US5168861A (en) * 1991-11-20 1992-12-08 Ludell Manufacturing Company Direct contact water heater
US5520165A (en) * 1995-03-08 1996-05-28 Institute Of Gas Technology Hybrid direct/indirect water heating process and apparatus
US6776153B1 (en) 2003-03-11 2004-08-17 B. Keith Walker Hybrid atmospheric water heater
US20140245971A1 (en) * 2013-03-01 2014-09-04 Archie Sylvanius Tateson Water heater
WO2016055973A1 (en) * 2014-10-10 2016-04-14 Thermax Limited Hybrid air heater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1963850B2 (de) 1975-10-23
ES374454A1 (es) 1972-04-01
DE1963850A1 (de) 1970-07-23
FR2027178A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-25
AT299493B (de) 1972-06-26
NL6919368A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-06-30

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