US3647451A - Antibronzing agents for photographic silver images - Google Patents

Antibronzing agents for photographic silver images Download PDF

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Publication number
US3647451A
US3647451A US809415A US3647451DA US3647451A US 3647451 A US3647451 A US 3647451A US 809415 A US809415 A US 809415A US 3647451D A US3647451D A US 3647451DA US 3647451 A US3647451 A US 3647451A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
groups
antibronzing
photographic
hydrocarbon groups
sulfur
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Expired - Lifetime
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US809415A
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English (en)
Inventor
Anita Von Konig
Helmut Timmler
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Agfa Gevaert AG
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Agfa Gevaert AG
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
    • G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
    • G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
    • G03C5/305—Additives other than developers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/35—Antiplumming agents, i.e. antibronzing agents; Toners
    • G03C1/355—Organic derivatives of bivalent sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/13—Antibronze agent or process

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of photographic images which includes drying on a high-gloss press at high temperature in effective contact with antibronzing agents of the bis-mercapto triazole series.
  • the silver images obtained from light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layers often undergo changes during high-gloss drying or during mechanical drying at high temperature. Thus commonly a loss in density occurs or blue-black image tones change to brownish tones and brown tones change into greenish black tones. These changes are known as partial burning" or bronzing of the silver image.
  • heteroalkylene-5,5-bis-l,2,4- triazole-3-mercaptans of the following formula are outstanding antibronzing agents.
  • R represents (1) hydrogen, (2) a saturated or olefinically unsaturated aliphatic group having l-l 8 carbon atoms and preferably one to six carbon atoms, (3) aryl such as a phenyl or naphthyl particularly a radical of the phenyl series, (4) aralkyl such as a benzyl or phenylethyl group, (5) cycloalkyl, such as a cyclohexyl group or (6) an amino group; these hydrocarbon radicals may also be substituted, e.g., with halogen, methyl, methoxy, hydroxyl, sulfo or carboxy groups;
  • X stands for a hydrocarbon chain such as alkylene, arylene, for example phenylene, or cycloalkylene.
  • Preferred are aliphatic chains having 2-10 methylene groups in particular aliphatic chains which are interrupted by one or more preferably one to three heteroatoms such as oxygen, sulfur or imino or sulfonyl groups.
  • the above formula includes compounds in the tautomeric 3-thione form.
  • heteroalkylene-5,5 -bis-l,2,4-triazole-3- mercaptans is carried out in a manner analogous to the preparation of 5-substituted l,2,4-triazole-3-mercaptans.
  • the corresponding carboxylic acid esters which are used as starting materials are cyclized with thiosemicarbazides or thiocarbohydrazide (Pesson, Dupin and Polmans, Bull. Soc. Chim. France (5) 1581 (1961)).
  • the antibronzing agents are preferably added to the lightsensitive silver halide emulsion layer. They may be added to the emulsion, preferably after the chemical ripening, or to the 25 finished casting solution.
  • the compounds are preferably used in solution in a suitable solvent such as water, alcohol, dimethylformamide or in an equivalent quantity of aqueous alkali.
  • the amount of the antibronzing agent is not critical and de- 0 pends on the type of the silver halide emulsion or the effects desired. In general quantities of 1/50th to 1/ 1,000th of a mol per mol of silver halide, preferably 1/ 100 to 1/500th mol per mol of silver halide, that is 0.1-5 g., preferably 0.5-2.5 g. per mol of silver halide have proved sufficient.
  • the compounds may also be added to auxiliary waterpermeable layers of the photographic material, e.g., to the baryta coating or to a protective layer.
  • the antibronzing agents of the invention may be added to any of the conventional silver halide emulsions.
  • suitable silver halides are silver chloride, silver bromide or mixtures of the haby other film-forming natural or synthetic polymers.
  • Suitable agents for this purpose are, e.g., alginic acid and its derivatives such as its salts, esters or amides, carboxymethyl cellulose, alkyl cellulose, starch and starch derivatives, polyvinyl alcohol, copolymers with vinyl alcohol and vinyl acetate units,
  • the silver halide emulsion may contain any known additives, such as antifogging agents, stabilizers, hardeners, plasticizers and wetting agents.
  • the emulsion may also be both chemically and spectrally sensitized. It can be chemically sensitized by carrying out the ripening in the presence of small quantities of sulfur containing compounds, such as allyl isothiocyanate, allylthioether or sodium thiosulfate.
  • the lightsensitive silver halide emulsion may also be sensitized with reducing agents, e.g., with the tin compounds described in Belgian Pat. Nos.
  • the emulsions may also be sensitized with polyalkylene oxide derivatives, e.g., with polyethylene oxide having a molecular weight of between 1,000 and 20,000, with condensation products of alkylene oxides and aliphatic alcohols, glycols and cyclic dehydration products of hexitols, with alkyl-substituted phenols, aliphatic carboxylic acids, aliphatic amines, aliphatic diarnines and amides. These condensation products should have a molecular weight of at least 700, preferably more than 1,000.
  • These sensitizers may, of course be combined in order to achieve particular effects, as is described in Belgian Pat. No. 537,278 and in British Pat. No. 727,982.
  • the antibronzing agents in the photographic copying material, they may be dissolved in one of the treatment baths.
  • they may be added to the developer, the fixing bath, or to an additional hardening bath or a bath which contains surface active compounds and which is used as the final treatment bath before the image containing material is dried at elevated temperature.
  • the compounds according to the invention are generally dissolved in the bath as alkali metal salts in concentrations which may vary within very wide limits but generally lie between and 100 mg. per liter, provided that the compounds are soluble in the fixing bath. Satisfactory results are obtained using, for example, to 50 mg. per liter of the compounds in the developer bath or in the fixing bath.
  • the water permeable layers take up a certain amount of the antibronzing agent.
  • EXAMPLE 1 A silver chlorobromide gelatin emulsion (20 mols percent of AgBr) which is unwashed and which contains per liter 0.18 mol of silver halide, 2 ml. of a 1 percent alcoholic solution of 1-pheny1-5-mercaptotetrazole, 20 ml. of a 10 percent aqueous saponin solution and 2 ml. of a 30 percent aqueous formalin solution is divided into eight portions. To each portion is added an antibronzing agent of the present invention. Details are given in the following table.
  • the emulsions are applied onto a barytacoated paper support.
  • the final dried layer contains 1.6 g. silver per square meter in the form of silver halide.
  • Comparison strips of the photographic material thus obtalned is exposed in a sensitometer customarily employed in the art.
  • the exposed samples are developed in a developer of the following composition (temperature 18 C., developing time 90 seconds): 1
  • the moist material is dried on a high-gloss press heated to 130 C. Whereas the high-gloss drying causes a color change from brown to greenish brown to blue in the control sample (without addition), the brown image tones do not change if a compound according to the invention is present.
  • the maximum density of the different materials is determined with a densitometer of an air-dried sample as compared with a material dried on a glazing press. The following results are obtained;
  • EXAMPLE 2 A silver chloride emulsion which contains per liter 0.18 mol of silver chloride and the additives mentioned in Example 1 is divided into several portions. To each portions is added an antibronzing agent according to the invention as referred to in detail in the following Table 3. The compounds are added in the form of a solution in dimethylformamide as described in Example 1.
  • the emulsions are applied onto a barytacoated paper support.
  • the dried layer contains 1.35 g. silver in the form of silver chloride per square meter.
  • Example Comparison strips of the photographic material of the control sample of Example 1 are processed as described in Example l but using developers that contain an antibronzing agent of the present invention in the amount indicated in the following table. The following results are obtained:
  • the warm brown image tone remains unchanged when developed in a developer containing the antibronzing agent.
  • R is hydrogen, a saturated or olefinically unsaturated aliphatic group having up to six carbon atoms, a radical of the phenyl series or an amino group, and
  • X is an interrupted chain of two to 10 hydrocarbon groups
  • R is hydrogen, a saturated or olefinically unsaturated aliphatic group having up to six carbon atoms, a radical of the phenyl series or art amino groulp, and X 18 an interrupted chain of two to 0 hydrocarbon groups,
  • each interruption consisting of O, S, Nl-l or S0,.
  • a material of claim 3 wherein the hydrocarbon groups are methylene groups, the number of such groups is not more than six, and the interruptions are oxygen, sulfur or sulfonyl groups.
  • An aqueous photographic developer composition containing photographic developer and an antibronzing amount of a compound of the following formula or its tautomeric 3- thione form:
  • R is hydrogen, a saturated or olefinically unsaturated aliphatic group having up to six carbon atoms, a radical of the phenyl series or an amino group, and
  • X is an interrupted chain of two to 10 hydrocarbon groups
  • each interruption consisting of O, S, NH or S0,.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
  • Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
  • Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
US809415A 1968-03-28 1969-03-21 Antibronzing agents for photographic silver images Expired - Lifetime US3647451A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681770074 DE1770074A1 (de) 1968-03-28 1968-03-28 Verfahren zur Stabilisierung der Schwaerzen bei der Heisstrocknung photographischer Silberbilder

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3647451A true US3647451A (en) 1972-03-07

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US809415A Expired - Lifetime US3647451A (en) 1968-03-28 1969-03-21 Antibronzing agents for photographic silver images

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3647451A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE730608A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH503296A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE1770074A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2004995A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1256799A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3981731A (en) * 1974-11-09 1976-09-21 Agfa-Gevaert, A.G. Stabilization of developed photographic images
US4624995A (en) * 1985-04-09 1986-11-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Triazolinethione-containing polymer
US4740568A (en) * 1985-04-09 1988-04-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Triazolinethione-containing polymer
US11396589B2 (en) 2014-11-24 2022-07-26 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Coupled uracil compound for vinyl chloride polymer resins

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2514650A (en) * 1946-04-05 1950-07-11 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic developing with addition products to improve image quality
US3438777A (en) * 1966-02-14 1969-04-15 Agfa Gevaert Nv Photographic material

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2514650A (en) * 1946-04-05 1950-07-11 Eastman Kodak Co Photographic developing with addition products to improve image quality
US3438777A (en) * 1966-02-14 1969-04-15 Agfa Gevaert Nv Photographic material

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3981731A (en) * 1974-11-09 1976-09-21 Agfa-Gevaert, A.G. Stabilization of developed photographic images
US4624995A (en) * 1985-04-09 1986-11-25 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Triazolinethione-containing polymer
US4740568A (en) * 1985-04-09 1988-04-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Triazolinethione-containing polymer
AU579453B2 (en) * 1985-04-09 1988-11-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Triazolinethione-containing polymers
EP0197701A3 (en) * 1985-04-09 1989-05-03 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Triazolinethione-containing polymers
US11396589B2 (en) 2014-11-24 2022-07-26 Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. Coupled uracil compound for vinyl chloride polymer resins

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2004995A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-12-05
DE1770074B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-10-31
DE1770074A1 (de) 1971-09-16
DE1770074C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-07-17
CH503296A (de) 1971-02-15
BE730608A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-09-29
GB1256799A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-12-15

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