US3646915A - Cold start auxiliary circuit for electronic fuel control system - Google Patents

Cold start auxiliary circuit for electronic fuel control system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3646915A
US3646915A US46706A US3646915DA US3646915A US 3646915 A US3646915 A US 3646915A US 46706 A US46706 A US 46706A US 3646915D A US3646915D A US 3646915DA US 3646915 A US3646915 A US 3646915A
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United States
Prior art keywords
circuit
signal
engine
energization
level
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US46706A
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English (en)
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Todd L Rachel
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Bendix Corp
Siemens Automotive LP
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Bendix Corp
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Assigned to SIEMENS-BENDIX AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS L.P., A LIMITED PARTNERSHIP OF DE reassignment SIEMENS-BENDIX AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS L.P., A LIMITED PARTNERSHIP OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ALLIED-SIGNAL INC.
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
    • F02D41/062—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting
    • F02D41/064—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up for starting at cold start
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/08—Carburetor primers

Definitions

  • the circuit and injector means are energized when a vehicle ignition system is energized and the fuel for cold starting is provided during the period of time required for a selected voltage value to raise to a threshold value.
  • the threshold value is determined by a voltage divider including a temperature-responsive element sensing engine temperature. Means are provided to render the auxiliary circuit insensitive to supply voltage variations.
  • the present invention relates to improvements in electronic fuel control systems and particularly to improvements in automotive electronic fuel control systems whereby the cold start function is provided.
  • the present invention provides a cold start circuit which is more reliable than previous circuits in that it is resistant to variations in the supply voltage and to false triggering.
  • the known electronic fuel control systems currently rely upon the input information from their various parameter sensors to provide the information required by an electronic fuel control main computing system to provide cold start enrichment.
  • These sensors generally, sense the engine temperature which may be the temperature of the water jacket, to indicate the operating temperature of the engine, the engine speed to determine timing and engine fuel requirements, the intake manifold pressure to sense the load on the engine, and various other parameters as needed or desired.
  • a cold engine is one which, in attempting to assume ambient air temperature, has
  • the present electronic fuel control systems rely upon the engine temperature sensor input (or an equivalent such as ambient air temperature and cylinder head temperature) to vary the duration of injector valve open time sufficiently to provide fuel for the startup of the engine when the engine is cold.
  • the duration of injector valve open time sufficiently to provide fuel for the startup of the engine when the engine is cold.
  • this means of providing sufficient fuel for cold starting of an associated engine is not always adequate. It is, therefore, an objective of the present invention to provide control circuitry in addition to the electronic fuel control system to control provision of sufficient quantities of fuel for cold starting of an associated engine. It is a further object of the present invention to provide control circuitry for an electronic fuel control system which is capable of providing sufficient fuel for starting of an associated engine over a broad range of environmental temperatures.
  • an object of the present invention to provide a circuit, in addition to the main electronic fuel control computing circuit, responsive to temperature for controlling an injector nozzle or valve means which may be situated independently of the main injector nozzles. It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a cold start fuel controlling circuit which may control the provision of a charge of fuel to the engine to be started independent of the engine cranking speed.
  • the present invention provides a special function (cold start) auxiliary circuit for an electronic fuel control system capable of providing the improved cold start function.
  • the cold start auxiliary circuit is adapted to provide an output signal of variable duration with the duration being a function of the drop of engine temperature below a selected level.
  • the signal can be applied to-an injector nozzle or valve which may be situated independently from the main injector nozzles of the associated engine.
  • the circuit is further adapted to be selfdisabling after generating a single pulse for each energization of the starting circuit of the associated engine to thereby prevent flooding of the engine.
  • the inventive circuit is characterized by providing an output signal whose duration is substantially independent of the supply voltage.
  • the circuit is further characterized by the fact that the circuit can be activated to energize the associated injector means only once for each application of supply voltage, after which time the supply voltage must be removed for a period of time.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in diagrammatic circuit form, an electronic fuel control system main computation circuit as adapted, for instance, for automotive use.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in diagrammatic circuit form, an auxiliary circuit according to the present invention for providing the cold start function.
  • FIG. 3 shows the relationship of the present invention to an automotive electrical system.
  • FIG. 1 an electronic fuel control system main computation circuit 10 is shown.
  • the circuit is shown as being energized by a voltage supply designated as B+ at the various locations noted.
  • the voltage supply could be the battery and/or battery charging system conventionally used as the vehicles electric power source.
  • the electrical polarity of the voltage supply could readily be reversed.
  • the circuit receives, along with the voltage supply, various sensory inputs, in the form of voltage signals in this instance, indicative of various operating parameters of the associated engine.
  • Intake manifold pressure sensor 12 supplies a voltage indicative of manifold pressure
  • temperature sensor 14 is operative to vary the voltage across the parallel resistance associated therewith to provide a voltage signal indicative of engine temperature and voltage signals indicative of engine speed are received at circuit input port 16.
  • This signal may be derived from any source indicative of engine crank angle but is preferably from the engines ignition distributor, not shown.
  • the circuit 10 is operative to provide two consecutive pulses, of variable duration, through sequential networks to circuit location 18 to thereby control the on time of transistor 20.
  • the first pulse is provided via resistor 22 from that portion of circuit 10 having inputs indicative of engine crank angle and intake manifold pressure.
  • the termination of this pulse initiates a second pulse which is provided via resistor 24 from that portion of the circuit 10 having aninput from the temperature sensor 14.
  • This port may be connected, through suitable inverters and/or amplifiers (not shown) to the injector means (shown as 78 in FIG.
  • the duration of the first pulse is controlled by the monostable multivibrator network associated with transistors 28 and 30.
  • the presence of a pulse received via input port 16 will trigger the multivibrator into its unstable state with transistor 28 in the conducting state and transistor 30 blocked (or in the nonconducting state).
  • the period of time during which transistor 28 is conducting will be controlled by the voltage signal from manifold pressure sensor 12. Conduction of transistor 28 will cause the collector 28C thereof to assume a relatively low voltage close to the ground or common voltage. This low voltage will cause the base of 34b of transistor 34 to assume a low voltage below that required for transistor 34 to be triggered into the conduction state, thus causing transistor 34 to be turned off.
  • the voltage at the collector 34c will, therefore, rise toward the B+ value and will be communicated via resistor 22 to circuit location 18 where it will trigger transistor 20 into the on" or conduction state thus imposing a relatively low voltage at circuit port 26.
  • the presence of a low voltage signal at circuit port 26 will cause the selected injector valve means to open.
  • transistor 30 When the voltage from the manifold pressure sensor 12 has decayed to the value necessary for the multivibrator to relax or return to its stable condition, transistor 30 will be triggered on and transistor 28 will be turned off. This will, in turn, cause transistor 34 to turn on, transistor 20 to turn off and thereby remove the injector control signal from circuit port 26.
  • transistor 34 During the period of time that transistor 34 has been held in the nonconducting, or off state, the relatively high voltage at collector 34c has been applied to the base of transistor 36, triggering the transistor 36 on".
  • the resistor network 38 connected to the voltage supply, acts with transistor 36 as a current source and current flows through the conducting transistor 36 and begins to charge capacitor 40.
  • transistor 42 has been biased on and, with the resistor network 44, constitutes a second current source. Currents from both sources flow into the base of transistor 46 thereby holding this transistor on which results in a low voltage at the collector 460. This low voltage is communicated to the base of transistor 20 via resistor 24.
  • transistor 34 When transistor 28 turns off" signalling termination of the first pulse, transistor 34 turns on and the potential at the col lector 34c falls to a low value.
  • the capacitor will then have been charged, with the polarity shown in FIG. 1, to a value representative of the duration of the first pulse.
  • the collector-base junction of transistor 36 is forward biased, thus making the positive side of capacitor 40 only slightly positive with respect to ground since several PN junctions separate it from ground. This will impose a negative voltage on circuit location 48 which will reverse bias diode 50 and transistor 46 will be turned off.
  • the duration of the second pulse will be a function of the time required for circuit location 48 to become sufficiently positive for diode 50 to be forward biased. This in turn is a function of the charge on capacitor 40 and the magnitude of the charging current supplied by the current source comprised of transistor .42 and resistor network 44.
  • the charge on capacitor 40 is, of course, a function of the duration of the first pulse.
  • the rate of charge i.e., magnitude of the charging current
  • the circuit 100 is also energized by B+ as noted. Circuit 100 receives a temperature input at circuit location A from the correspondingly designated portion of control circuit 10. Alphabetic designations are used herein to denote points common to circuits in several figures.
  • the temperature input or signal is comprised of a variable voltage whose value is controlled by the engine temperature sensor 14, shown as a thermistor in FIG. 1.
  • the cold start circuit 100 is adapted to provide a single injection control pulse at circuit location 102 to control energization of the cold start injector valve means, shown as 76 in FIG. 3, which is preferably physically remote from the main electromechanical valve means.
  • the cold start auxiliary circuit 100 includes zener diode 104, an emitter coupled pair of transistors 106, 108 and transistor switches and 112.
  • the circuit also includes various resistor, capacitor and diode combinations to provide the desired voltage and current levels.
  • transistor 106b of transistor 106 When power is applied at B+, as for instance by turning on of the ignition switch the base 106b of transistor 106 will be at the ground potential.
  • the base 108! of transistor 108 will be at some positive voltage level due to the temperature indication signal applied at point A due to the thermistor network shown in FIG. 1. This will cause transistor 108 to be conducting while transistor 106 is in the nonconducting state.
  • the conduction of transistor 108 will cause a current flow through resistor 114 which will cause a voltage drop to appear across the emitter-base junction of transistor switch 110 which will cause transistor 110 to conduct.
  • transistor 110 will apply a voltage to the base 1l2b of transistor switch 112 which will, in turn, cause transistor 112 to conduct, thereby applying a voltage signal to circuit location 102 for application to the cold start injector means.
  • the 13+ voltage via resistors 116 and 118 has been charging capacitor 120, thereby causing the voltage at base 106k of transistor 106 to increase.
  • transistor 106 When the voltage at base l06b exceeds the voltage at base 108b, transistor 106 will turn on and transistor 108 will turn off. The turning off of transistor 108 will cause transistor switches 110 and 112 to switch ofi, thereby terminating cold start injection.
  • the magnitude of the voltage signal applied at circuit point A is related to the temperature drop below. a selected level such that an engine temperature of 20 F. will produce a substantially greater magnitude signal than will an engine temperature of 50 F.
  • the cold start injection period may be suitably tailored for various engines and various operating conditions.
  • Zener diode 104 is operative to maintain the voltage across resistor 118 and capacitor 120 at a fixed value regardless of the magnitude of B+. This, therefore, provides a stability of operation over a wide range of operating voltage levels such that the charging rate of capacitor 120 is maintained uniform for all values of B+. In addition, in extreme situations where B+ drops below the zener diode threshold level, capacitor-120 will charge more slowly. This is of advantage in lengthening cold start injection in those extreme situations where an electromechanical injector valve is energized by 8+ and is sluggish due to the low instantaneous value of B+. This configuration is of additional advantage in that once capacitor 120 is charged to the thermistor network threshold value, the transistor switches are maintained off while capacitor 120 continues to charge.
  • capacitor 120 is provided with a discharge path via resistors 118 and 122 and the thermistor network (of FIG. 1), switching off of the supply voltage will permit the capacitor to discharge at a rate which, depending on the value of the capacitor and the various resistive values, will be sufiiciently slow to prevent false, or premature, triggering of the cold start injector valve means.
  • the computing circuit 10 andthe cold-starting auxiliary circuit 40 are shown as being connected to a vehicle battery 70 through switch 72 which may be, for instance, the vehicle ignition switch.
  • fuel pumping means 74 is also shown as being connected to the electrical system such that closure of switch 72 will energize computing circuit 10, cold-starting circuit 100 and fuel pumping means 74.
  • Circuits 10 and 100 are shown connected to fuel injector means 76 and 78 and control the energization thereof. As will be apparent from a consideration of FIGS.
  • the cold start circuit will be in a charged up configuration and injector valve means 76 will not be reenergizable until after the circuit 100 has been deenergized for a period of time, as for instance by opening switch 72.
  • the cold start injection auxiliary circuit accomplishes its stated objectives.
  • An output pulse is generated at circuit location 102 for application to the cold start injector valve means, not shown.
  • the pulse duration is a function of the temperature drop of the associated engine below a selected level, independent of the supply voltage.
  • the circuit is insensitive to false triggering since the circuit must be without power from the voltage supply (B+) for a period of time sufiicient to permit stored energy to be drained off before the cold start injector valve control switches 110 and 112 may be switched back on.
  • battery energization is variable, of the type having engine-operating parameter sensor means including engine temperature sensor means operative to generate a signal having a level which increases in response to decreased in sensed engine temperature, a computing means responsive to the engine sensor means for controlling the actuation of injector valve means where the quantity of fuel delivered to the engine is controlled, the improvement comprising circuit means responsive to the engine temperature sensor operative to produce an output pulse having a duration related to the level of sensed signal whereby injector valve means may be energized by the pulse to provide a quantity of fuel in proportion to pulse duration for cold starting of the engine, said circuit including inhibiting means operative to limit said circuit means output pulse production to a predetermined maximum number of pulses per fuel system energization and further including energization level establishing means operative to maintain energization of said circuit means at a preselected level for battery variations above the preselected level and to variably energize said circuit means in proportion to
  • the system as claimed in claim 1 including further time delay means operative to maintain the circuit means in an inhibited state for a predeterminable period of time following deenergization of said circuit means.
  • time delay means comprise a chargeable electrical element and a discharge path having a value which permits only a slow discharge of said element.
  • circuit means comprises:
  • one of said bases receiving the variable level signal indicative of sensed engine temperature
  • capacitive means for applying a second variable level signal to the other of said bases, said second signal having a level which varies with time in a predeterrninable manner;
  • said capacitive means include a capacitor chargeable to a value in excess of said variable level engine temperature signal and resistive means for providing a slow discharge path for said capacitor whereby said other transistor base will be suitably biased for conduction for a period of time following removal of energization to prevent too frequent actuation of the associated injector valve means.
  • a fuel control system for engines having energizing means comprising in combination:
  • sensory means operative to sense at least one operating parameter of the engine, including engine temperature sensor means operative to generate a signal having a level which varies in relation to sensed engine temperature;
  • first energizable circuit means responsive to said sensory means operative to generate an output signal, said signal being comprised of a plurality of pulses having a duration indicative of the engine fuel requirement;
  • injection valve means at least a portion of said injection valve means adapted to receive said output signal and to be periodically intermittently energized in response thereto to control fuel delivery to the engine;
  • second energizable circuit means including means responsive to engine temperature, operative to generate a variable duration control pulse for application to at least a portion of said injection valve means upon energization of said second circuit means when sensed engine temperature is below a preselected level;
  • inhibitory means coupled to said second circuit means operative to prevent reenergization of said second circuit means until said second circuit has been deenergized for a predeterminable period of time.
  • first switching means responsive to said comparison means having a conducting state and a nonconducting state and operative to be in one of said states when said first signal is larger than said second signal and to be in the other of said states when said second signal is larger than said first signal;
  • power follower switch means responsive to said first switch operative to change state with said first switch and to thereby generate a power output signal.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
US46706A 1970-06-16 1970-06-16 Cold start auxiliary circuit for electronic fuel control system Expired - Lifetime US3646915A (en)

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US4670670A 1970-06-16 1970-06-16

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US (1) US3646915A (es)
JP (1) JPS5128770B1 (es)
CA (1) CA940620A (es)
ES (1) ES392171A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2097826A5 (es)
GB (1) GB1292771A (es)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3771502A (en) * 1972-01-20 1973-11-13 Bendix Corp Circuit for providing electronic warm-up enrichment fuel compensation which is independent of intake manifold pressure in an electronic fuel control system
US3786344A (en) * 1971-10-04 1974-01-15 Motorola Inc Voltage and current regulator with automatic switchover
US3792693A (en) * 1971-09-10 1974-02-19 Bendix Corp Stored temperature cold start auxiliary system
US3923031A (en) * 1974-11-25 1975-12-02 Bendix Corp System for reordering the fuel injection sequence to facilitate starting of an internal combustion engine
USRE29060E (en) * 1970-01-20 1976-12-07 The Bendix Corporation Circuit for providing electronic warm-up enrichment fuel compensation which is independent of intake manifold pressure in an electronic fuel control system
US4089317A (en) * 1975-05-20 1978-05-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for mixture enrichment in an internal combustion engine
US4205635A (en) * 1976-03-26 1980-06-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel mixture control system
USRE31391E (en) * 1971-10-04 1983-09-20 Motorola, Inc. Voltage and current regulator with automatic switchover
US4541390A (en) * 1983-03-25 1985-09-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and apparatus for determining an injection moment during a start process in an internal combustion engine
EP0315745A2 (en) * 1987-11-09 1989-05-17 WALBRO CORPORATION (Corporation of Delaware) Cold-start engine priming and air purging system
US5469825A (en) * 1994-09-19 1995-11-28 Chrysler Corporation Fuel injector failure detection circuit
EP1645739A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2006-04-12 Yanmar Co. Ltd. Fuel injection control device for fuel injection pump

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2807244A (en) * 1956-10-10 1957-09-24 Bendix Aviat Corp Cold start overspeed control for fuel injection system
US3504657A (en) * 1967-05-24 1970-04-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert System for enriching the fuel mixture on cold starts in an electrically controlled injection system for an internal combustion engine
US3513815A (en) * 1967-02-07 1970-05-26 Ass Eng Ltd Fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines
US3533381A (en) * 1968-05-24 1970-10-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Temperature sensitive control circuit for internal combustion engines having a fuel injection system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2807244A (en) * 1956-10-10 1957-09-24 Bendix Aviat Corp Cold start overspeed control for fuel injection system
US3513815A (en) * 1967-02-07 1970-05-26 Ass Eng Ltd Fuel injection systems for internal combustion engines
US3504657A (en) * 1967-05-24 1970-04-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert System for enriching the fuel mixture on cold starts in an electrically controlled injection system for an internal combustion engine
US3533381A (en) * 1968-05-24 1970-10-13 Bosch Gmbh Robert Temperature sensitive control circuit for internal combustion engines having a fuel injection system

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE29060E (en) * 1970-01-20 1976-12-07 The Bendix Corporation Circuit for providing electronic warm-up enrichment fuel compensation which is independent of intake manifold pressure in an electronic fuel control system
US3792693A (en) * 1971-09-10 1974-02-19 Bendix Corp Stored temperature cold start auxiliary system
US3786344A (en) * 1971-10-04 1974-01-15 Motorola Inc Voltage and current regulator with automatic switchover
USRE31391E (en) * 1971-10-04 1983-09-20 Motorola, Inc. Voltage and current regulator with automatic switchover
US3771502A (en) * 1972-01-20 1973-11-13 Bendix Corp Circuit for providing electronic warm-up enrichment fuel compensation which is independent of intake manifold pressure in an electronic fuel control system
US3923031A (en) * 1974-11-25 1975-12-02 Bendix Corp System for reordering the fuel injection sequence to facilitate starting of an internal combustion engine
US4089317A (en) * 1975-05-20 1978-05-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus for mixture enrichment in an internal combustion engine
US4205635A (en) * 1976-03-26 1980-06-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel mixture control system
US4541390A (en) * 1983-03-25 1985-09-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and apparatus for determining an injection moment during a start process in an internal combustion engine
EP0315745A2 (en) * 1987-11-09 1989-05-17 WALBRO CORPORATION (Corporation of Delaware) Cold-start engine priming and air purging system
US4848290A (en) * 1987-11-09 1989-07-18 Walbro Corporation Cold-start engine priming and air purging system
EP0315745A3 (en) * 1987-11-09 1990-03-07 WALBRO CORPORATION (Corporation of Delaware) Cold-start engine priming and air purging system
US5469825A (en) * 1994-09-19 1995-11-28 Chrysler Corporation Fuel injector failure detection circuit
EP1645739A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2006-04-12 Yanmar Co. Ltd. Fuel injection control device for fuel injection pump
US20060112936A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2006-06-01 Masamichi Tanaka Injection control device for fuel injection pump
US7121245B2 (en) * 2003-06-12 2006-10-17 Yanmar Co., Ltd. Injection control device for fuel injection pump
EP1645739A4 (en) * 2003-06-12 2007-12-05 Yanmar Co Ltd FUEL INJECTION DEVICE FOR FUEL INJECTION PUMP

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1292771A (en) 1972-10-11
DE2128064A1 (de) 1971-12-30
FR2097826A5 (es) 1972-03-03
JPS5128770B1 (es) 1976-08-21
CA940620A (en) 1974-01-22
DE2128064B2 (de) 1972-11-09
ES392171A1 (es) 1974-02-16

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Owner name: SIEMENS-BENDIX AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS L.P., A LIMI

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