US3646646A - Apparatus for setting stitches of tubular knitted fabrics for deknitting - Google Patents

Apparatus for setting stitches of tubular knitted fabrics for deknitting Download PDF

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Publication number
US3646646A
US3646646A US801477A US3646646DA US3646646A US 3646646 A US3646646 A US 3646646A US 801477 A US801477 A US 801477A US 3646646D A US3646646D A US 3646646DA US 3646646 A US3646646 A US 3646646A
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Prior art keywords
knitted fabric
tubular knitted
pair
fabric
regulating piece
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Expired - Lifetime
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US801477A
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English (en)
Inventor
Takao Koizumi
Takao Kajita
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Teijin Ltd
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Teijin Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/14—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using grooved rollers or gear-wheel-type members
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/002—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by knitting, weaving or tufting, fixing and then unravelling

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Apparatus for crimping and heat setting a deknittable knitted fabric of thermoplastic filaments under tension between hot toothed rolls characterized by the provision of stitch loopdensity regulating means at at least two positions and a device for imparting a uniform tension to the fabric running between fabric feed rolls and the hot toothed rolls, whereby a uniform heat-setting effect is given to the fabric and the obtained yarns have an excellent crimp fastness.
  • Knit-molded yarns are yarns formed by deknitting a synthetic tubular fabric which has been crimped and heat-set via toothed rolls and the like.
  • crimped yarns obtained by the knit-molding method have been low in their crimp fastness.
  • knit-molded type crimped yarns of polyester are easily stretched under a low load, and do not return to their original state. It is therefore disadvantageous that a fabric made of such crimped yarns is stretched out by tension exerted during the knitting, weaving, scouring, or dyeing process, and therefore, there is no advantage at all in using crimped yarns.
  • a tubular knitted fabric produced for preparation of crimped yarns is very loose in its texture, and can be readily stretched in any direction such as wale direction, course direction, or a direction oblique thereto. For instance, when the fabric is placed under tension in a wale direction, the fabric stretches in that direction, but it contracts in a course direction. This means that the shape of the loops which form the tubular knitted fabric is deformed.
  • the first problem we took up is how to place a tubular knitted fabric to be fed into a heat-setting apparatus under an appropriate tension both in wale and course directions; more particularly, what should be done to prevent each of the loops that form the tubular knitted fabric from deforming at random.
  • each of the loops is maintained in a uniform shape, i.e., uniform stitch density, at the time of heat-setting, and in this state, is subjected to a uniform appropriate tension in the advancing direction of the tubular knitted fabric, i.e., wale direction.
  • An object of the invention is to provide uniform crimps to knit-molded type crimped yarns and increase their crimp fastness by imparting a uniform heat-setting effect to a tubular knitted fabric for deknitting.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide crimped yarns by employing a stitch loop density regulating piece for a tubular knitted fabric running towards a heat-setting apparatus, and suspending a special tension device on the running tubular knitted fabric, whereby the yarns are heat-set in an appropriate restrained state.
  • FIG. 1 is a view illustrating the apparatus for heat-setting the stitches of a tubular knitted fabric for deknitting
  • FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a means for imparting tension to a tubular knitted fabric
  • FIG. 3 is a view illustrating another means for imparting tension to a tubular knitted fabric
  • FIG. 4 (a) is a plan view of a stitch loop density regulating piece
  • FIG. 4 (b) is a back elevation thereof
  • FIG. 4 (c) is a side elevation thereof.
  • FIG. 5 (a) and (b) are views illustrating the function of the stitch loop density regulating piece.
  • a tubular knitted fabric 1 of FIG. 1 is one prepared by a suitable knitting machine, preferably one knitted in cylindrical shape and flattened.
  • the tubular fabric I is knitted from thermoplastic yams, such as polyester yarns, polyamide yarns, polyvinyl chloride yarns, polyacrylonitrile yarns, polyolefin yarns and acetate yarns.
  • stitch loop density regulating pieces 8 and I4 shown in FIG. I are given in FIG. 4.
  • the stitch loop density regulating pieces 8 and 14 are inserted in the tubular knitted fabric 1, and are maintained in a fixed position by a means such as supporting in a suspended state.
  • These regulating pieces 8 and 14 are of a triangular shape as shown in FIG. 4 (a), preferably in the shape of an isosceles triangle.
  • the shape of the rear and side surfaces of regulating pieces 8 and 14 are shown respectively in FIG. 4 (b) and FIG. 4 (c). It is preferable that each end of such regulating piece be rounded. In a plan view, this regulating piece is inserted in a tubular knitted fabric in a manner such that its base rides on supporting rods.
  • the regulating pieces 8 and 14 of the present invention In order to be maintained stably on the supporting rods, the regulating pieces 8 and 14 should preferably be in a straight line with the base of the supporting rods. As shown in FIG. 1, the stitch loop density regulating piece of the invention is provided in two places, one at the beginning of feeding, and the other immediately before a heat-setting device.
  • the knitted fabric 1 rendered in a normal state by the regulating piece 8 advances via supporting rods 9 and 9', passes through feed rollers 2 and 3, and finally arrives at hot toothed rollers 4 and 5.
  • the fabric is imparted a uniform stretching force in the wale direction by a tension device 11 suspended via guide rods 10 and 10' of the fabric tension controlling mechanism.
  • the above-mentioned fabric tension-controlling mechanism is designed with special ingenuity, and this constitutes a principal part of the present invention. The details of it will be mentioned later.
  • the tubular knitted fabric 1 which has passed the supporting rod is again regulated in its shape by the regulating piece 14 and supporting rods and 15 which support said regulating piece 14, and is then introduced into the hot toothed rollers 4 and 5.
  • the hot toothed rollers are maintained at predetermined high temperatures, and while holding the tubular knitted fabric with a predetermined pressure, heat-set the fabric 1 and deliver a heat-set, crimped fabric 6.
  • One of the hot rollers 4 and 5 is positively driven, while the other, being in contact with the former, is rotated in the opposite direction.
  • a special apparatus is needed to place a running stretchable tubular knitted fabric under a predetermined tension in a continuous manner. If a tubular knitted fabric is merely moved at a predetermined speed between the feed rolls 2 and 3 and the hot toothed rolls 4 and 5, it cannot be maintained at all under a constant tension, being loosened at one time and being subjected to an excessive tension at another time, since the density of the tubular knitted fabric itself is not uniform.
  • the weight of the tension device 11 should be so selected that it is most suitable for manufacture of knit-molded type crimped yarns. But as the density of the advancing tubular knitted fabric 1 is not uniform, the stretching or contraction occurs accordingly.
  • magnetic relays 16 and 17 provided at the upper and lower ends of two rails 12 and 13 are actuated, and then a magnetic clutch 7 secured to a driving shaft of the feed roll 3 is actuated to effect the rotation and stopping of the feed rolls. To state it more specifically, a portion of a tubular knitted fabric which is low in density lowers the tension device 11.
  • the magnetic relay 17 on the off side connected to the lower ends of the rails 12 and 13 is actuated, and the magnetic clutch 7 is opened to stop the rotation of the feed rolls.
  • the tension device 11 rises and comes to the upper ends of the rails 12 and 13, a magnetic relay 16 actuates the magnetic clutch 7, and the feed rolls again rotate. Repetition of this action makes it possible to obviate the above-mentioned phenomenon, and the tubular knitted fabric is fed into hot toothed rolls always in a constant density.
  • the tension device consists of a shaft 18, detachable curved members 19, detachable fixing members 20, detachable weights 21, and rotary bodies 22 for engagement with the rails.
  • the curved member 19 is effective in expanding a passing tubular knitted fabric in the course direction, and the center of gravity of the tension device as a whole is situated in the middle of the shaft 18.
  • the curved member 19 can be of a suitable length depending upon the width of a tubular knitted fabric to be fed, and is fixed at both ends by the fixing members 20.
  • the weight 21 is also variable according to the type and processing conditions of a tubular knitted fabric to be fed.
  • FIG. 3 Another type of the tension-imparting means is shown in FIG. 3.
  • a surface of the roller of this means which comes into contact with a tubular knitted fabric should preferably be a curved surface 23 for expansion of the fabric 1 in the course direction.
  • the center of gravity of the tension device as a whole should be situated on a perpendicular line extending on a vertex of an isosceles triangle drawn down the central line X-X of the roller 23 which is a base of the triangle.
  • the upper and lower magnetic relays are actuated by a portion 26 extended from one end of the central axis of the rotary roller 23.
  • the present invention has for its object the provision of uniform crimps and increased crimp fastness by imparting a uniform heat-setting effect to a tubular knitted fabric in the manufacture of knitmolded type crimped yarns from thermoplastic yarns.
  • the following two technical measures have been taken.
  • Each of the yarns that constitute a tubular knitted fabric is originally formed in loops.
  • the fabric contracts in the course direction, resulting in the deformation of the loops of each yarn.
  • a stitch loop density regulating piece as shown in FIG. 4 is inserted according to the present invention into a tubular knitted fabric as shown in FIG. 5.
  • this density regulating piece expands the tubular knitted fabric.
  • the expansion can be regulated by the shape of the density regulating piece, but it is preferable that the expansion should be of a degree -90 percent of the width in the course direction at the time of the knitting.
  • each of the loops of yarns that constitute the tubular knitted fabric becomes uniform, and rearranged in the most preferable form.
  • each of the yarns in loops is imparted a tension in the course direction.
  • FIG. 5 (a) indicates that the tubular knitted fabric is tensioned in the wale direction, and therefore, it contracts to some degree in the course direction. Since the tubular knitted fabric in this state is expanded outwardly by the stitch loop density regulating piece, each of the yarns in loops is naturally subjected to a tension in the course direction. As shown in FIG.
  • the width of the tubular knitted fabric is spread while not being tensioned in the wale direction.
  • a stitch loop density regulating piece when inserted in the fabric, the width of the fabric is spread during which time tension in the course direction occurs, and the fabric contracts in the wale direction since the fabric is not under tension in the wale direction.
  • the use of a stitch loop density regulating piece in the'present invention serves firstly to return each of the loops of yarns that constitute the tubular knitted fabric to the original state, and secondly to impart to the yarns a tension in the course direction. It is most important that the stitch loop density regulating piece should be inserted into a tubular knitted fabric just before the hot toothed rolls 4 and S.
  • a running tubular knitted fabric is subjected to a tension in the wale direction, and the tension is continuously maintained constant.
  • the tubular knitted fabric has no uniform loop density, and contains both coarse and compact portions. When, therefore, such knitted fabric is subjected to tension, it is stretched non-uniformly, and hence arises a necessity of regulating it.
  • both the method I. mentioned above, i.e., the use of a stitch loop density regulating piece, and the method 2), Le, adjustment of stretch and contraction of a running tubular knitted fabric are employed at the same time. Since the fabric immediately upstream of the hot toothed rolls is under tension in the course and wale directions. there will be no deformation of the loops of the fabric as it enters the hot toothed rolls. Under these conditions. the fabric passes through the hot toothed rolls and is accurately molded according to the pattern of teeth with the entire stress of the teeth concentrated on the bending portions of the yarn. The fabric. being meshed with the hot toothed rolls, is heat-set in this condition.
  • the heat-treated crimped yarns take three-dimensional plural wave configurations and show a large crimp development. Furthermore, the cross section of each of the filaments which constitute the crimped yarn either retains its original shape or is deformed at random. Therefore, a fabric obtained from such filaments exhibits an excellent boucle effect and develops a unique luster effect. Since according to the presert invention, the arrangement of yarn loops is maintained as uniform as possible, and in this state, they are heat set, the tubular knitted fabric is completely free from fold-back portions or creased portions. This means a remarkable improvement in deknitting and winding efficiency. As a natural result, it is possible to obtain crimped yarns of knit-molding methods free from such defects as filament breakage and fuzzing.
  • the crimped yarns of knit-molding type obtained in accordance with the present invention have three-dimensinal plural wavy configuration and exhibit an excellent crimp fastness, while crimped yarns obtained by the prior art method have two-dimensional single wavy configuration and show a poor crimp fastness.
  • EXAMPLE l A semidulllOO-denier, 48-filament polyethylene terephthalate filament yarn was knitted on a circular knitting machine with 174 needles and a cylinder, 2 inches in diameter at 515 r.p.m. of the cylinder.
  • the stitches of the thus knitted cloth were heat set with a knit heat set device of the present invention as seen in FIG. I.
  • the surface speed, surface temperature, and compression force of hot toothed rolls 4 and 5 were set respectively to 4.5 m./min., 2l0 C. and 50 kg. (equivalent to a yarn speed of 3,500 m./min.), and the gross weight of tension device 11 was set to 400 g.
  • Knit loop density regulating pieces 8 and 14 used in this process were of a plastic material in the form of an isosceles triangle. 60 mm. in base length, 70 mm. in height, 4 mm. in maximum thickness and 1 mm. in minimum thickness.
  • the uppurutus ofrhe present invention knitted cloth hcul set at is surface temperature of the toothed rolls of 200C. by the same process as in Example I.
  • the yarn crimped by use of the apparatus of this invention has a remarkably higher crimp elongation and a remarkably lower residual shrinkage as compared with yarn prepared using conventional apparatus.
  • EXAMPLE 2 A semidull ISO-denier. 30-filament polyethylene terephthalate filament yarn was knit on a circular knitting machine with 174 needles and a cylinder, 2 inches in diameter at a cylinder r.p.m. of 5 l 5. The stitches of the thus knit cloth were heat set with a knit heat set device of the present invention as seen in HO. 1. At this time, the surface speed, surface temperature. and compression force of hot toothed rolls 4 and 5 were set respectively to 5 m./min., 220 C. and 60 kg., and the gross weight of tension device 11 was set to 600 g. Knit loop density regulating pieces 8 and I4 are of the same grade as in Example l.
  • the thus stitch-set knitted cloth did not have such folds, wrinkles, kinks, etc., which tend to lower deknitting and winding performance of the knit cloth. Deknitting and winding efficiency were remarkably increased. As a result, an excellent crimp yarn without broken filaments or fuzzing was obtained.
  • the test results are givcn in Table 3.
  • An apparatus for holding and setting the stitches of a deknittable tubular knitted fabric composed of thermoplastic filaments which comprises in combination a pair of feed rolls for feeding said tubular knitted fabric; a pair of hot toothed rolls for heat crimping said tubular knitted fabric downstream from said pair of feed rolls; tension means positioned between said pair of feed rolls and said pair of hot toothed rolls and suspended from said tubular knitted fabric to apply tension thereto in the wale direction, said tension means being vertically movable in response to variations in the density of said tubular knitted fabric; a stitch loop density regulating piece situated immediately upstream of said pair of hot toothed rolls within said tubular knitted fabric, said stitch loop density regulating piece having the shape of an isosceles triangle, the vertex of which is opposed to the running direction of said tubular knitted fabric; a pair of support rods located between said stitch loop density regulating piece and said pair of hot toothed rolls on either side of said tubular knitted fabric to support said stitch loop density regulating piece in the path of
  • the apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a second stitch loop regulating piece located immediately upstream of said pair of feed rolls within said tubular knitted fabric, said second stitchloog density regulating piece having the shape of an isosceles triangle, the vertex of which is opposed to the running direction of said tubular knitted fabric; and a second pair of support rods located between said second stitch loop regulating piece and said pair of feed rolls on either side of said tubular knitted fabric to support said second stitch loop regulating piece in the path of said tubular knitted fabric.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US801477A 1968-02-26 1969-02-24 Apparatus for setting stitches of tubular knitted fabrics for deknitting Expired - Lifetime US3646646A (en)

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JP43012151A JPS507675B1 (de) 1968-02-26 1968-02-26

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JP (1) JPS507675B1 (de)
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GB (1) GB1250568A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3964657A (en) * 1973-07-04 1976-06-22 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Yarn transporting apparatus
US4459704A (en) * 1981-08-03 1984-07-17 Apparel Form Company Method of forming cloth into three-dimensional shapes and the articles produced by that method
US4555814A (en) * 1982-07-06 1985-12-03 Apparel Form Company Method of forming cloth into three-dimensional shapes and the articles produced by that method
US5188265A (en) * 1990-04-30 1993-02-23 Gilbert Capy Continuous sheet pleating device for making overlapping pleats and arrangements for making areas with no pleats and method of making pleats
US6301937B1 (en) * 1998-12-02 2001-10-16 Globe Manufacturing Corporation Apparatus and method for deknitting yarns
US20040237763A1 (en) * 2003-06-02 2004-12-02 Ashok Bhatnagar Corrugated ballistic armor

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113802228A (zh) * 2021-10-26 2021-12-17 江苏杜为新材料科技有限公司 一种粗旦丝二维卷曲短纤生产系统

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1673521A (en) * 1925-10-29 1928-06-12 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Control device
US1706164A (en) * 1925-11-06 1929-03-19 Gen Electric Regulating system
US2109469A (en) * 1933-09-29 1938-03-01 Samcoe Holding Corp System for treating fabrics
US2187644A (en) * 1938-02-24 1940-01-16 Samcoe Holding Corp Fabric finishing system
US2192880A (en) * 1937-01-02 1940-03-12 Samcoe Holding Corp Method of and machine for finishing fabric
US2306157A (en) * 1939-10-28 1942-12-22 Gen Electric Control system
US2627644A (en) * 1950-06-24 1953-02-10 Us Rubber Co Single-ply corrugated fabric and method of making the same
US2842828A (en) * 1955-02-23 1958-07-15 Sayles Finishing Plants Inc Textile finishing apparatus

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1673521A (en) * 1925-10-29 1928-06-12 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Control device
US1706164A (en) * 1925-11-06 1929-03-19 Gen Electric Regulating system
US2109469A (en) * 1933-09-29 1938-03-01 Samcoe Holding Corp System for treating fabrics
US2192880A (en) * 1937-01-02 1940-03-12 Samcoe Holding Corp Method of and machine for finishing fabric
US2187644A (en) * 1938-02-24 1940-01-16 Samcoe Holding Corp Fabric finishing system
US2306157A (en) * 1939-10-28 1942-12-22 Gen Electric Control system
US2627644A (en) * 1950-06-24 1953-02-10 Us Rubber Co Single-ply corrugated fabric and method of making the same
US2842828A (en) * 1955-02-23 1958-07-15 Sayles Finishing Plants Inc Textile finishing apparatus

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3964657A (en) * 1973-07-04 1976-06-22 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Yarn transporting apparatus
US4459704A (en) * 1981-08-03 1984-07-17 Apparel Form Company Method of forming cloth into three-dimensional shapes and the articles produced by that method
US4555814A (en) * 1982-07-06 1985-12-03 Apparel Form Company Method of forming cloth into three-dimensional shapes and the articles produced by that method
US5188265A (en) * 1990-04-30 1993-02-23 Gilbert Capy Continuous sheet pleating device for making overlapping pleats and arrangements for making areas with no pleats and method of making pleats
US6301937B1 (en) * 1998-12-02 2001-10-16 Globe Manufacturing Corporation Apparatus and method for deknitting yarns
US20040237763A1 (en) * 2003-06-02 2004-12-02 Ashok Bhatnagar Corrugated ballistic armor

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Publication number Publication date
GB1250568A (de) 1971-10-20
DE1909711A1 (de) 1969-09-25
JPS507675B1 (de) 1975-03-27

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