US3644968A - Apparatus for relaxing yarns - Google Patents

Apparatus for relaxing yarns Download PDF

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Publication number
US3644968A
US3644968A US889518A US3644968DA US3644968A US 3644968 A US3644968 A US 3644968A US 889518 A US889518 A US 889518A US 3644968D A US3644968D A US 3644968DA US 3644968 A US3644968 A US 3644968A
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
passageway
fluid
enclosure
under pressure
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Expired - Lifetime
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US889518A
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English (en)
Inventor
David Robert Elliott
John Michael Greenway
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/16—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
    • D02G1/167—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam including means for monitoring or controlling yarn processing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the treatment of yarns and in particular to a device for the relaxation of yarns composed of thermoplastic polymeric material.
  • apparatus for relaxing a running yarn composed of thermoplastic polymeric material comprising a yarn supply means, a fluid tensioning device, means for introducing a gaseous fluid under pressure to the fluid tensioning device and a heating zone incorporating means for reducing the yarn tension during its passage through the heating zone.
  • Yarn may be supplied to a fluid tensioning device in the present invention direct from the draw roll of a drawing machine or the drawn yarn may be temporarily packaged under tension from which package it is supplied to the fluid tensioning device by way of a tension gate or feed roll/nip roll combination.
  • the former continuous method of operation is preferred.
  • a fluid tensioning device for use in the invention comprises an aspirator or ejector jet which may have any of several forms.
  • One such form comprises a yarn entry passageway of narrow bore into which yarn is drawn by the suction developed therein by entry into the passageway of an unheated or a heated gaseous fluid under pressure downstream of the point of entry of the yarn, said fluid proceeding through the passageway in a generally downstream direction.
  • a fluid pressure is used such as to provide the required tension to draw the yarn from the supply means into the yarn passageway and forward it to a heating zone.
  • the yarn entry tube or passageway is quite short and its lower end is surrounded by the open end of a slightly larger tube.
  • the junction of the two tubes is enclosed in a chamber to which gaseous fluid under pressure is supplied.
  • the fluid enters the larger tube through the space between the two tubes and in passing through the larger tube induces a reduced pressure in the yarn passageway which draws a yam thereinto tensioning and forwarding it through the larger tube to the heating zone.
  • Gaseous fluid supplied to the chamber surrounding the junction of the two tubes may be unheated or heated and in the latter case the fluid may be supplied at a pressure sufficient to draw enough unheated ambient air into the yarn tube with the yarn so that the yarn, while under tension before passing into the heating zone where tension is reduced, is not subject to heat.
  • heat crystallizable yarns such as polyethylene terephthalate
  • a preferred form of heating zone comprises an enclosure directly attached to the yarn exit passageway of the fluid tensioning device and of larger cross section than said passageway into which the yarn is fed by means of a rotating tube having its exit directed radially or tangentially away from the axis of the enclosure.
  • the enclosure is heated by suitable means, as for example, a heated vapor jacket or electrical heaters mounted externally.
  • the yarn in operating apparatus of this type to the best advantage it is preferred to cause the yarn to leave the rotating tube at a sufficient velocity to be carried across the gap between the end of the tube and a wall of the heated enclosure and to strike the wall thereof preferably tangentially before continuing to fall through the heated atmosphere.
  • This gap may be quite small, for example 3-5 mm.
  • the part of an enclosure wall contacted by the yarn should be smooth and free from irregularities which could snag the yarn and may be specially treated to produce a low friction, as for example covered with a layer of polytetrafluorethylene.
  • a stationary tube directing the yarn tangentially toward a wall of the enclosure may be used or a tube which oscillates to and fro causing the yarn to assume a zigzag path through the heating zone.
  • Apparatus as hereinbefore described wherein the relaxing yarn is caused to follow a sinuous path through a heated enclosure has an especial advantage in that it allows a yarn relaxation treatment to be carried out continuously without interrupting the movement and at the same time to allow a wide variation of treatment time without altering the enclosure length by control of the length of the yarn path within the heated enclosure.
  • control is effected by, for example, alteration of the rotational or oscillatory speed or the radius of rotation or amplitude of oscillation of the yarn delivery tube or variation of the ratio of the speed of supply of yarn to the relax zone to the speed of withdrawal from the relax zone.
  • the last mentioned ratio is herein referred to as the relax ratio.
  • heating zone yarn issuing from a fluid tensioning device enters an externally heated passageway of either a uniform larger cross section or of a steadily increasing cross section.
  • a taper of not greater than 10 is preferred.
  • apparatus of these forms the velocity and pressure of the entering fluid carrying a yarn either rapidly or steadily decrease allowing yarn tension to decay and relaxation under the influence of heat.
  • the length of the heating zone is selected to allow the required amount of relaxation which is also influenced by the heating zone temperature. Threading up a fluid tensioning device with a running yarn which is handled by a temporary collecting means as for example a suction gun, may be facilitated by providing a narrow longitudinal slot in the tensioning device and the relax zone.
  • Air is the most convenient fluid for use in this invention but other gases not having any harmful effect on thermoplastic polymeric substances may be used.
  • a slow coor counter-current flow of hot gas may be used instead provided care is taken to ensure that the relaxing yarn is not disturbed by the hot gas.
  • steam particularly dry steam may be used as the gas.
  • Yarn emerging from the heating zone is collected in any way which does not allow collecting tension to run back to the relaxation zone.
  • a pair of rolls pressed into close contact with each other and preferably with one surface covered by a resilient material may be used to takeup the yarn emerging from the relax zone and to forward it to any suitable yarn packaging apparatus.
  • the amount of relaxation occurring may be controlled by adjusting the relative speeds of this roll combination and that of the supply of yarn to the relax process.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in section relaxation apparatus of the preferred form wherein a counter current flow of hot air is used to effect relaxation of yarn fed in by means of a rotating tube;
  • FIG. 2 illustrates in section a relaxation apparatus wherein relaxation is effected in a uniformly divergent enclosure.
  • a yarn tensioning device comprises a yarn entry tube 2 of narrow bore the open lower end of which is spaced a small distance from an exit passage 3 of a surrounding enclosure 4 to which fluid under pressure is supplied at 5.
  • Exit passage 3 is joined by a swivel coupling 6 to a rotatable tube 7 bent at its lower end towards a wall of an enclosing vessel 8 of very much increased cross section.
  • a pulley 15 mounted at the upper end of tube 7 allows the tube to be rotated by suitable driving means (not shown).
  • Vessel 8 is open at its lower end and closed at its upper end except for an opening through which the tube 7 extends and two small slots 9 near the point of entry of the rotatable tube 7.
  • a hollow ring 10 Mounted around the lower end of vessel 8 is a hollow ring 10, the internal wall 11 of which is of sintered metal or other porous material of sufficient strength to which a conduit 12 for the supply of hot fluid is attached. Situated some distance below the open end of vessel 8 is a takeoff roll 13 against which a rubber covered nip roll 14 is firmly pressed.
  • a yarn 1 is drawn from a supply means (not shown) into the yarn entry tube 2 by the suction generated therein by passage of the compressed fluid from passing into exit passage 3 through the small clearance between tube 2 and passage 3.
  • the yarn forwarded by the fluid through the rotating tube 7 exits therefrom and impinges against the wall of vessel 8 falling in substantially uniform helical coils through the atmosphere of heated fluid in the enclosure 8 supplied from ring in a steady upward current through the porous wall 1 1.
  • the upward velocity of air is controlled at a low value by the pressure within ring 10 and the size of slots 9 which may be of adjustable opening.
  • the relaxed yarn issuing from enclosure 8 may be allowed to cool by natural convection while passing to rolls 13/14 or by a forced current of cooling air applied after rolls 13/14, preferably in a manner which does not allow tension to develop in the yarn while it is still warm or hot.
  • the relaxed yarn passes through the nip between rolls 13 and 14 to a conventional winding means (not shown) the winding tension being stopped at the nip.
  • a cylindrical casing 15 carries the parts of the apparatus in easily demountable form.
  • a cap 16 spigotted into the upper end of casing 15 and retained in place by screws 17 carries symmetrically a number of holes 18 for entry of the working fluid.
  • a yarn entry tube 19 is inserted through a central hole in cap 16 protruding some distance into the casing 15.
  • a diffusing plate 21 of, for example, sintered metal, through a bush 22 in which the exit end of the yarn tube 19 protrudes into a cavity formed at the upper end of a block 23 which carries the upper end of a divergent yarn passageway 24 in communication with cavity 30 and is positioned within the casing 15 by means of a tubular spacer 25 retained in the casing by screws 26.
  • the lower and major part of passageway 24 which protrudes from the lower end of casing 15, is supported by brackets 27 attached to casing 15 and is surrounded by heating means (not shown).
  • a small groove 23 in the top of block 23 allows a pressure or other measuring instrument to be at tached through a tapping 29 in the casing 15.
  • compressed fluid entering holes 18 passes through the diffusing plate 21 into cavity 30 and thence into passageway 24 thereby inducing a suction in tube 19 which draws in a yarn (not shown) tensioning it within the tube 19 and forwarding it through passage 24 at a reducing fluid velocity and under increasing relaxation conditions.
  • the relaxed yarn leaving the lower end of passage 24 may be taken up and collected into a package as in the foregoing description.
  • Yarn composed of filaments or fibers of any thermoplastic polymeric material or materials may be relaxed in apparatus accordin to the present invention, as for example polyesters, polyami es, polyolefines or copolymers within or between the invention when a good bulk and crimping effect is ob tained in a continuous process.
  • Apparatus for relaxing a running yarn composed of thermoplastic polymeric material comprising a yarn supply means, a fluid tensioning device, means for introducing a gaseous fluid under pressure to the fluid tensioning device and a heating zone incorporating means for reducing the yarn tension during its passage through the heating zone, said heating zone and means for reducing yarn tension comprising an enclosure of larger cross section than the yarn passageway which is heated externally or through which a current of heated fluid is passed and a rotatable or oscillatable passageway connected to the yarn passageway, which directs the yarn into the enclosure in a sinuous or zigzag path.
  • Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the part of the enclosure wall against which the yarn is directed is treated to produce a low friction.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the fluid tensioning device comprises a yarn passageway and means permitting entry thereinto of fluid under pressure and for directing it in the desired direction of yarn movement.
  • the fluid entry means comprises a passageway connected to a supply of fluid under pressure opening into the yarn passageway.
  • the fluid entry means comprises a second passageway positioned below the yarn passageway, substantially coaxial therewith and of larger bore into which the yarn passageway enters and which forms a continuation thereof, the junction of the two passageways being connected to a supply of fluid under pressure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US889518A 1968-12-31 1969-12-31 Apparatus for relaxing yarns Expired - Lifetime US3644968A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB6196268 1968-12-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3644968A true US3644968A (en) 1972-02-29

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ID=10487708

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US889518A Expired - Lifetime US3644968A (en) 1968-12-31 1969-12-31 Apparatus for relaxing yarns

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US3644968A (xx)
BE (1) BE743981A (xx)
BR (1) BR6915757D0 (xx)
DE (1) DE1965679A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2027488A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1289109A (xx)
NL (1) NL6919685A (xx)
ZA (1) ZA698976B (xx)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3724038A (en) * 1970-07-04 1973-04-03 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Continuous process for relaxing heat treatment and apparatus therefor
US3729831A (en) * 1970-12-07 1973-05-01 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Process and apparatus for continuously relaxing textile yarns
US3785017A (en) * 1971-05-03 1974-01-15 Hoechst Ag T for the continuous crimp development of three-dimensionally crimped synthetic fibers and filaments
US3824656A (en) * 1971-12-30 1974-07-23 Neumuenster Masch App Apparatus for crimping of filamentary materials
US4010529A (en) * 1974-12-23 1977-03-08 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Method and apparatus for treating yarns
US4077097A (en) * 1972-11-29 1978-03-07 Akzona Incorporated Apparatus for developing bulk in a strand of synthetic textile yarn
US4153212A (en) * 1977-03-03 1979-05-08 Neumunstersche Maschinen- Und Apparatebau Gesellschaft Mbh Apparatus for accumulating ropes in storage cans
US4204301A (en) * 1978-04-26 1980-05-27 Greentex Incorporated Strand handling system and method therefor
US4392286A (en) * 1977-04-05 1983-07-12 Teijin Limited Apparatus for taking up a bundle of filaments
US4503592A (en) * 1982-01-12 1985-03-12 Hollandse Signaalapparaten B.V. Felting machine for sliver or yarn
US5475907A (en) * 1994-08-12 1995-12-19 American Line Corporation Apparatus and method for forming coils of yarn and for heat setting the same
US5483730A (en) * 1994-08-12 1996-01-16 American Linc Corporation Apparatus and method for forming coils of yarn and for heat setting the same

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2971683A (en) * 1955-03-01 1961-02-14 Du Pont Strand delivery
US3346932A (en) * 1965-09-07 1967-10-17 Monsanto Co Methods for relaxing synthetic fiber filaments
NL6708743A (xx) * 1967-06-22 1968-07-25
US3435497A (en) * 1967-09-25 1969-04-01 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment
US3439391A (en) * 1965-09-20 1969-04-22 Deering Milliken Res Corp Apparatus and method for edgecrimping and/or heat treating yarn

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2971683A (en) * 1955-03-01 1961-02-14 Du Pont Strand delivery
US3346932A (en) * 1965-09-07 1967-10-17 Monsanto Co Methods for relaxing synthetic fiber filaments
US3439391A (en) * 1965-09-20 1969-04-22 Deering Milliken Res Corp Apparatus and method for edgecrimping and/or heat treating yarn
NL6708743A (xx) * 1967-06-22 1968-07-25
US3435497A (en) * 1967-09-25 1969-04-01 Techniservice Corp Strand treatment

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3724038A (en) * 1970-07-04 1973-04-03 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Continuous process for relaxing heat treatment and apparatus therefor
US3729831A (en) * 1970-12-07 1973-05-01 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Process and apparatus for continuously relaxing textile yarns
US3785017A (en) * 1971-05-03 1974-01-15 Hoechst Ag T for the continuous crimp development of three-dimensionally crimped synthetic fibers and filaments
US3824656A (en) * 1971-12-30 1974-07-23 Neumuenster Masch App Apparatus for crimping of filamentary materials
US4083091A (en) * 1972-11-29 1978-04-11 Akzona Incorporated Method for developing bulk in a strand of synthetic textile yarn
US4077097A (en) * 1972-11-29 1978-03-07 Akzona Incorporated Apparatus for developing bulk in a strand of synthetic textile yarn
US4010529A (en) * 1974-12-23 1977-03-08 Rhone-Poulenc-Textile Method and apparatus for treating yarns
US4153212A (en) * 1977-03-03 1979-05-08 Neumunstersche Maschinen- Und Apparatebau Gesellschaft Mbh Apparatus for accumulating ropes in storage cans
US4392286A (en) * 1977-04-05 1983-07-12 Teijin Limited Apparatus for taking up a bundle of filaments
US4204301A (en) * 1978-04-26 1980-05-27 Greentex Incorporated Strand handling system and method therefor
US4503592A (en) * 1982-01-12 1985-03-12 Hollandse Signaalapparaten B.V. Felting machine for sliver or yarn
US5475907A (en) * 1994-08-12 1995-12-19 American Line Corporation Apparatus and method for forming coils of yarn and for heat setting the same
US5483730A (en) * 1994-08-12 1996-01-16 American Linc Corporation Apparatus and method for forming coils of yarn and for heat setting the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE743981A (xx) 1970-06-30
ZA698976B (en) 1971-07-28
DE1965679A1 (de) 1970-07-16
FR2027488A1 (xx) 1970-09-25
NL6919685A (xx) 1970-07-02
GB1289109A (xx) 1972-09-13
BR6915757D0 (pt) 1973-01-16

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