Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
  • D01F8/08—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyacrylonitrile as constituent
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
  • D01D5/23—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool by asymmetrical cooling of filaments, threads, or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
  • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
  • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
  • D01D5/32—Side-by-side structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
  • Y10T428/2924—Composite
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
  • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
  • Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]

Definitions

• the present invention also provides for fibers produced by the aforementioned method, having coil crimps of from 12.4 to 17.3 crimps per 25 mm. of fiber length, and having a degree of crimping of between 13.4 to 20.9%.
• This invention relates to a method of manufacturing a composite fiber or yarn composed predominantly of acrylonitrile and possessing satisfactory crimping characteristics.
• the products made from such a composite fiber have not only a good bulk, but also a wool-like type hand.
• this invention is concerned with a process for manufacturing an acrylic composite fiber from two or more dissimilar acrylic polymers tending to exhibit different thermal behaviors, eccentrically arranged throughout the length of said fiber, characterized by the steps of spinning dopes of such polymers into a composite fiber by the wet-spinning method, stretching and orienting the fiber, crimping it mechanically, adjusting the moisture content of said fiber to 50-120 percent and finally heattreating the fiber in relaxed state within the temperature range of C. to 135 C.
• a composite fiber possessing excellent mechanical properties and crimping characteristics may be prepared.
• the final crimps are not comparable to the two-dimensional ones produced by mechanical crimping alone, but are augmented by said coil crimps to yield a three-dimensional configuration which is highly stable.
• the individual filaments within the tow are bent to relieve the intimacy of the filaments and tension and cohesion forces, thereby allowing the filaments to move freely in such a manner that coil crimps may develop easily as the fiber is heat-treated in a relaxed state.
• the moisture content of the composite fiber after said mechanical crimping be at least 50% relative to the fiber, said level of moisture content greatly facilitating the development of satisfactory coil crimps on said relaxed heattreatment. The amount of coil-crimping would be inadequate if the moisture content of the fiber were below that level.
• the fiber contains more than water, excessively fine crimps would be produced, so that the fiber would not only be prevented from developing a sufiicient bulk, but also might lose a considerable part of its otherwise woolly hand. It is possible to maintain the moisture content of the fiber within the range of 50% to 120% by immersing the tow in water before mechanical crimping and suitably adjusting the nip-roller pressure of the crimper or/and the outlet pressure of the stuffing box, or introducing water under pressure into the stuffing box after the fiber has passed through the nip-rollers, or spraying the tow with water after the tow is mechanically crimped, etc.
• the heat-treatment of the composite fiber in a relaxed state is generally conducted for about to minutes, preferably within the temperature range of 100 C. to 135 C. Below 100 C., the formation of coil crimps or the effect of relaxed heat-treatment would not show itself sufficiently. On the other hand, if the temperature exceeds 135 C., the crimped filaments would be excessively interlocked and/ or discolored.
• acrylic polymers as used throughout this specification and claim refers to all polymers composed predominantly of acrylonitrile, inclusive of copolymers with vinyl monomers capable of copolymerizing with acrylonitrile and mixed polymers with other polymers.
• the above-mentioned vinyl monomers or other compounds include, for example, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and other acrylic acid derivatives, acrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide and its related derivatives, vinyl pyridine and its derivatives, and allylsulfonic acid, methallylsulfonic acid and their derivatives, as well as all other monomers copolymerizable with acrylonitrile.
• EXAMPLE 1 A copolymer composed of 91% acrylonitrile, 9% methyl acrylate, and 0.5% sodium methallylsulfonate as well as another copolymer composed of 89% acrylonitrile, 11% methyl acrylate, and 0.5 sodium methallylsulfonate are separately dissolved in 49% aqueous solutions of sodium rhodanate to prepare two dissimilar spinning dopes. Equal amounts of said dopes are extruded in an 8% aqueous solution of sodium rhodanate through a bi-component spinnerette to which two metering pumps are connected. The resulting tow is washed with water, and stretched in boiling water to 9 times its initial length.
• the spinnerette nozzle used above has 6532 orifices, each measuring 0.09 millimeter in diameter. The number of spindles is 20.
• the fiber is dried in a highly humid atmosphere at the dry-bulb temperature of 120 C. and the wet-bulb temperature of 78 C. and then passed through tepid water at 80 C.
• the fiber is then mechanically crimped by a stufiing-box crimper under a nip-roller pressure of 2.0 kg./cm. and a stufiing-box pressure of 1.5 'kg./cm.
• the moisture content of the fiber after said crimping is
• the fiber bundle is then sprayed with water, and then heat-treated in a relaxed state in an oven using saturated water vapor at 120 C.
• staples (A) to (G) could be spun satisfactorily, while (H) alone is difiicult to spin, for there arise many steps in the course of carding and uneven stretching in the course of the drawing process.
• the spun yarns are made into hanks, which are then dyed with Serron Blue G (Du Pont) in a 0.5% OWF dyeing, which is heated from C. to 100 C. at the rate of 1 C. per minute and held at 100 C. for 30 minutes, at the end of which time the bath is cooled to 60 C. at the rate of 1 C. per minute.
• the dyed yarns are washed with water, finished, and dried. The characteristics of these dyed yarns are summarized in Table 3.
• the bulkiness figures shown in Table 3 are arrived at as follows.
• the yarn is wound up on a cyindrical bobbin, a centimeters in radius and l centimeters in length, under a constant tension of 0.1 g./tex. to desired thickness at such a pitch as will give a yarn weight of 5.5 mg./cm. and the thickness of the winding (t cm.) and the total weight of the yarn (w gm.) are measured. From the results, the volume of the winding is calculated and the result is divided by the weight of the yarn. This reaction is expressed as follows.
• a still remarkable fact is that when the above fibers are treated in a relaxed state in boiling water at 100 C. for 30 minutes, the crimping degree is increased, as shown moisture content before relaxed heat-treatment is less than 50 percent, have far less coil crimps, with the result that the yarns have adequate bulk, but an unsatisfactory hand.
• the spun yarn made of fiber (H) which was heattreated in relaxed state at the moisture content of 130% has excessive coil crimps and a hard feeling or hand.
• the spun yarn made of fiber (D) has a good bulk, although it has a slightly poor hand.
• the spun yarns made of fibers (E), (F) and (G) have a good bulk and excellent hand as shown in Table 2.
• a method of manufacturing an acrylic composite fiber which comprises acrylonitrile copolymers consisting of acrylonitrile and vinyl monomers capable of cop01ymerizing with acrylonitrile, characterized by (a) wet-spinning an acrylic composite fiber composed of two or more acrylic polymer components tending to exhibit different thermal behaviors and arranged eccentrically along the entire length of said fiber,

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=12721620

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (1)

• 1966
  • 1966-07-08 CH CH994066A patent/CH482845A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1966-07-21 GB GB32919/66A patent/GB1089045A/en not_active Expired
  • 1966-07-25 LU LU51629A patent/LU51629A1/xx unknown
  • 1966-07-26 DE DE1660385A patent/DE1660385B2/de active Pending
  • 1966-07-26 NL NL666610505A patent/NL142205B/xx unknown
  • 1966-07-26 AT AT715466A patent/AT279030B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1966-07-27 BE BE684639D patent/BE684639A/xx unknown
  • 1966-07-27 FR FR71153A patent/FR1487916A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1966-07-27 ES ES0329536A patent/ES329536A1/es not_active Expired
• 1971
  • 1971-03-05 US US121526A patent/US3644609A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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