Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
  • C08J3/28—Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J2309/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S522/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
  • Y10S522/911—Specified treatment involving megarad or less
  • Y10S522/912—Polymer derived from ethylenic monomers only
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
  • Y10S526/914—Polymer degradation

Definitions

• ABSTRACT The green strength of synthetic cis-l,4 poiyisoprene is increased to levels equivalent to those of natural rubber by irradiating the poiyisoprene with 0. i6.0 Mrads.
• Synthetic elastomers have to a major extent supplemented or replaced natural rubber in the fabrication of tires and many other rubber products. More recently stereo-specific polymers, and particularly cis-l ,4 polyisoprene have demonstrated a capability of becoming a complete replacement for natural rubber.
• One impediment to such complete substitution for natural rubber by synthetic cis-l,4 polyisoprene throughout all types and sizes of tires has been the lack of sufficient green strength and tack for satisfactory building properties in large tires such as those employed by trucks, large earth-moving equipment, etc. The ability to minimize or eliminate this difference between natural rubber and cis-l,4 polyisoprene would materially facilitate its complete substitution for natural rubber.
• Green strength is a term commonly employed and well understood by persons in the rubber industry. It is, however, a property difTlcult to define precisely. Basically it is that property of a polymer, most obvious in natural rubber, which contributes to proper building conditions where multiple components are employed and which results in little or no release or relative movement of the assembled components subsequent to assembly and prior to completion of the curing operation. "Tack" is also an important property in the building characteristics of a composite rubber product, but lack of tack can usually be overcome to a large extent by the addition of known tackifying agents. Consequently, any difference in tack between cis-l,4 polyisoprene and natural rubber is ordinarily readily correctable.
• the lnstron green strength test is one measure of the stress/strain properties of unvulcanized compounds. It has been accepted by many as the best indication of the ability ofa compound to resist deformation in the uncured state. Typical stress/strain curves are associated with each elastomer although the magnitude of the curve for a given elastomer will vary depending upon the compounding formulation employed, i.e., depending upon the amount of carbon black, oil, etc., which is added to the elastomer gum stock. However, when employing the same, or even a substantially similar, compound formulation, if the shape and magnitude of the stress/strain curves of two clastomers are comparable, the elastomers will possess equivalent building and handling characteristics.
• the normal stress/strain curve of raw polymers or unvulcanized compounds shows a definite inflection (yield point) in the stress at relatively low strain. After this initial stress inflec' tion is passed, continued elongation may cause the stress to (I) continue to increase at a different rate, (2) stay nearly constant, or (3) continually fall until rupture of the specimen occurs. Which of the three phenomena occurs is dependent on the type polymer, the amount and nature of the other compounding ingredients in the recipe and the amount and nature ofmastication.
• the synthetic cis-l,4 polyisoprene may be any such polyisoprene regardless of the catalyst system employed in its polymerization.
• the invention is especially useful when employed with the high" cis-l,4 polyisoprene formed when a catalyst system such as an Al-Ti or a Li based system is employed.
• the Al-Ti system consists of an aluminum alkyl compound (such as an aluminum trialkyl or an aluminum tri alkyl complex formed from the reaction of an aluminum trialkyl and an aromatic ether such as diphenyl ether or anisole) in mixture with a transition metal halide (such as titanium tetrachloride) at about equal mole ratios or slightly less of the aluminum to the titanium.
• the Li based catalyst comprises a or may be a cement. If the latter, any conventional solvent may be employed and the solids content, while not critical, will normally be in the range of lO-ZO percent.
• the irradiation source may be an electron accelerator or an isotope source such as gamma radiation from Co". Where electron accelerators are employed, the polymer must be presented in a thin layer because of the well known relatively low penetration as compared to that produced by an isotope source.
• the irradiation dose rate should be in the range between 0.0l and L000 Mradslhour and preferably between 0.01 and lM.” t-....
• the irradiation dose should be in the range between ().I and 6.0 Mrads and preferably between 0.5 and 3.0 Mrads.
• the dose. is increased beyond 3.0 Mrads, the physical proper ties are affected so that the processing of the polymer becomes difficult.
• mastication is necessary to achieve the benefit of the invention. Irradiated .gum stocks show little difference in green strength, as determined by the lnstron test, until after mastication.
• the samples (solid or cement) were irradiated by using a C0 source at a dose rate of 0.l Mrad/hour. Samples were masticated eight minutes at 225 F. and rpm. In a 'Brabender Plastograph. All tensile values shown are after mastication, and were obtained by pulling 6 inch dumbbells at l0 incheslminute on a conventional lnstron testing machine Blends were prepared by loading precalculated amounts of the two substituents into the Brabender chamber and masticating eight minutes at 225 F. and 50 rpm Table I shows the after mastication effect of various irradiation doses on both solid and cement samples.
• Table II shows the effect of blending irradiated and nonir- 'radiated samples.
• Table Ill shows the effect of mastication on preirradiated green strength of synthetic cis-l,4 polyisoprene which comsamples.
• polyisoprene containing at least percent cis-l,4 content with a dose of between 0.1 and 6.0 Mrads and (2) musticuting the irradiated polymer in any conventional manner.
• polyisoprene is formed by using an Al-Ti catalyst system.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
• Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=24976614

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (1)

• 1968
  • 1968-06-27 US US740459A patent/US3644186A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1969
  • 1969-05-27 GB GB26644/69A patent/GB1203009A/en not_active Expired
  • 1969-06-09 DE DE19691929068 patent/DE1929068A1/de active Pending
  • 1969-06-26 NL NL6909827.A patent/NL162407C/nl active
  • 1969-06-27 FR FR6921681A patent/FR2014321A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

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