US3644076A - Liquid fuel burner - Google Patents

Liquid fuel burner Download PDF

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Publication number
US3644076A
US3644076A US33572A US3644076DA US3644076A US 3644076 A US3644076 A US 3644076A US 33572 A US33572 A US 33572A US 3644076D A US3644076D A US 3644076DA US 3644076 A US3644076 A US 3644076A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
channel
annular
burner
bluff body
enclosure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US33572A
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English (en)
Inventor
Leonard P Bagge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell USA Inc
Original Assignee
Shell Oil Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Oil Co filed Critical Shell Oil Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3644076A publication Critical patent/US3644076A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/12—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlets from the nozzle

Definitions

  • a liquid fuel nace Comprising a hollow coolant enclosure 239/4245 239/434 239/434 5 and at least a first annular ox1dant channel therem ad acent to [51] Int Cl Fzaq 6 and concentric with a second annular liquid fuel channel inwardly of the first channel.
  • a fuel supply opening is in commu- Of nication both ofthe channels and a is 239/ 132.1, 132.3, 416.5, 417, 417.3, 424, 424.5, downstream of the opening and retracted with respect to the 434-5 end face of the enclosure thereby forming, together with the opening, an annular fuel and oxidant discharge duct common to the first and second channels.
  • This invention relates to a burner for liquid fuel; and more particularly, to a burner which is designed for large scale use in industrial appliances, for instance in steel works, and which is able to operate with either oxygen or air, or air enriched with oxygen, as the oxidant, together with a liquid fuel, such as a liquid hydrocarbon.
  • the bluff body serves as a means for achieving prestabilization by having a marked increase in the final width of the main channel, and a turbulence is set up which serves to increase the mixing of the oxidant and the vaporizing fuel and to anchor the flame at this point.
  • a turbulence is set up which serves to increase the mixing of the oxidant and the vaporizing fuel and to anchor the flame at this point.
  • the bluff body has a flat end face substantially perpendicular to the flow direction through the main channel.
  • the bluff body may be arranged against a lateral wall of the main channel and formed by a sudden widening of the cross section of the main channel.
  • the bluff body may originate from a partition wall in at least a part of the main channel upstream of the bluff body subdividing the main channel into an inner part and an outer part.
  • the invention is not only suitable for long flame burners, but also is applicable to designs for producing short, wide-angled umbrella"-form flames.
  • the annular channel at the discharge end may be conical with substantially constant cross section and diverging to the burner end face, the bluff body being present in the conical part of the annular channel.
  • the invention is suitable to be applied in combustion devices wherein the burner end face constitutes the bottom of a substantially cylindrical flame chamber adapted to communicate with a heating or reaction space. After prestabilization by the presence of the bluff body, the flame is subsequently further stabilized by the internal and external toroidal recirculation of hot combustion products.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the front part of a burner according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view similar to FIG. I of an alternative embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a vertical cross-sectional view of still another embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention comprising a provision for the supply of a pilot fuel to the burner of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the invention adapted for operation with a longitudinal flame and comprising a provision for the supply ofa pilot fuel;
  • FIG. 6 is a partly cross-sectional view of a combustion device in which another embodiment of the burner according to the invention is applied.
  • a hollow body comprising an annular hollow body part 1 and a hollow central barrel part 2, each of these parts being adapted for receiving a coolant.
  • a cylindrical partition wall 3 is provided in the annular body part 1 and terminating at some distance from the front wall 11 thereof, which partition wall 3 subdivides the body part 1 into two concentric spaces for the supply and return flow of coolant respectively.
  • a central coolant supply tube 4 is provided debouching into the nose part5 of the barrel part 2.
  • the central barrel part 2 and the hollow body part I are separated by an annular main channel 6.
  • the barrel part 2 is provided with a fuel supply channel 7 debouching into'the annular main channel 6 through a lateral opening 8.
  • This opening 8 may be an annular slit or may also be formed by a series of openings (not shown in FIG. 1) equally divided over the circumference of the inner wall of the main channel 6.
  • the main channel 6 terminates at a bluff body 9 having a flat end face 10.
  • the end face 10 of the bluff body 9 may also be slightly concave or hollow conical. Downstream of the end face 10 of the bluff body 9, which is retracted with regard to the end face or front wall 11 of the burner, the supply of the reactants (fuel and oxidant) terminates in a common discharge duct 12.
  • FIG. I a design is shown adapted for umbrella"-type flames, to which end the terminal part of the annular main channel 6 is cone shaped diverging to the downstream end.
  • the bluff body 9 is provided in this conical part and is in this embodiment formed by a sudden widening of the cross section of the main channel.
  • the fuel supply channel terminates in two successive series of supply openings 8, the first opening 8 (or series of openings) debouching laterally into the main channel 6 upstream of the bluff body 9 and a second opening 13 debouching into the main channel 6 at the edge of the end face 10 of the bluff body 9 adjacent to the lateral wall of the main channel 6.
  • the opening 13 may also be ring shaped, if desired.
  • a bluff body 9a in the embodimentaccording to FIG. 2 wherein like numerals refer to like parts of FIG. 1, originates from a partition wall 14 in a part of the main channel 6 upstream of the bluff body 90, which partition wall 14 subdivides the main channel 6 over a part of its length into an inner part 6b and an outer part 611.
  • the terminal part of the fuel supply channel 7 is subdivided into two channels, a first channel being the prolongation of the fuel supply channel 7 and debouching through a lateral opening 8a (or series of openings) upstream of the bluff body 9 into the inner part 6b of the main channel 6 and a second branched-off channel 15 being led axially through the partition wall 14 and debouching through a lateral opening 16 (or series of openings) into the outer part 6a of the main channel 6.
  • the oxidant stream is divided by the partition wall 14 and the bluff body 9a.
  • the fuel is subdivided into two streams so that part thereof is atomized into each of the two oxidant streams.
  • a partition wall 14 1 extends throughout the main channel 6 also subdividing this channel 6 into outer part 6a and an inner part 6b.
  • the fuel supply channel is formed by a passage within the partition wall 14 terminating upstream of the bluff body 9b which originates from the partition wall 14 into two lateral openings 8b and 80 (or series of openings), one debouching into the inner part 6b of the main channel 6 and another opposite thereof debouching into the outer part 6a of the main channel 6.
  • the partition wall need not extend throughout the main channel 6 but also may be shaped as shown in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the passage 7 may be tubular, annular or of any other suitable shape.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment comprising a provision for the supply of a pilot fuel where again like numerals refer to like parts of FIGS. 1 through 3.
  • a further channel 17 is provided in the outer hollow body part 1, this further channel 17 being concentric with the main channel 6 and the fuel supply channel 7. It debouches into the main channel 6 through a lateral opening 18 (or openings) upstream of the bluff body 9c, which in this embodiment is formed by a sudden widening of the main channel 6 at the outer lateral wall thereof forming a flow discontinuity.
  • Channel 17 may be tubular, annular or of any other suitable shape.
  • FIG. 5 where again like numerals refer to like parts of FIGS. 1 through 4 represents a design adapted for operation with a longitudinal flame and also comprising a provision for the supply of a pilot fuel.
  • the bluff body 90' originates from a partition wall 14 extending over a part of the length of annular main channel 6 and locally subdividing the channel 6 into an inner main channel 6b and an outer main channel 6a.
  • the fuel will be atomized debouching therein through a lateral opening 8 (or openings) at the terminal end of the fuel channel 7.
  • a pilot gas supply is fed into the outer main channel through lateral port or ports 18 at the terminal end of the pilot fuel line 17. Consequently, in the outer main channel 611, a premixed oxy-gas stream forms a pilot flame from the end of the bluff body 9d.
  • the end face 11a of the annular hollow body part 1 has an enlarged surface constituting together with the nose part 5a of the barrel 2, the bottom of a flame chamber 19 open at the other end and bounded by a hollow lateral wall 20, which is adapted for circulating a coolant therein to which end a partition wall 21 is provided subdividing the hollow space into two concentric annular channels 21a and 21b in communication with each other at the front end of the lateral wall 20.
  • At least one supply pipe 22 may be provided within part 1 for the supply of coolant thereto.
  • the effective length of the flame chamber 19 is preferably adjustable between O.l and 0.8 of the diameter of the flame chamber.
  • a pilot gaseous fuel supply channel 17 is also included in this embodiment of the invention, the pilot fuel channel 17 debouching into an isolated terminal part of the main channel 6 through at least one lateral opening, this isolated part being formed by a partition wall 14 originating from the outer lateral wall of the annular main channel 6 at the terminal downstream end of which wall the bluff body 9e is provided.
  • a burner for burning liquid fuel therein comprising: a hollow enclosure, having an outer wall and an end face,
  • said enclosure having a first annular channel extending therethrough spaced inwardly from said outer wall for receiving a flow of an oxidant therethrough and a second annular channel concentric with, adjacent to the inwardly of said first annular channel for receiving a flow of a liquid fuel therethrough, said second annular channel terminating before the end face of said enclosure and being in communication with said first annular channel; said communication between said first and second channels being by means including at least a first lateral fuel supply opening leading from one of said channels to the other;
  • said burner including a bluff body having an end face disposed in said enclosure within said first annular channel between said fuel supply opening and said end face of said enclosure downstream of said fuel supply opening and retracted with respect to the end face of said enclosure and including downstream of said bluff body an an nular discharge duct for fuel and oxidant common to said first and second annular channels; said first annular channel opening into said annular discharge duct at the end face of said bluff body.
  • the bluff body forms a portion of the partition wall which subdivides said first channel, wherein said wall extends throughout the first channel upstream of the bluff body and wherein the second channel constitutes a passage within the wall terminating upstream of the bluff body into at least two lateral openings, one debouching into the inner part of the first channel and another opposite thereof debouching into the outer part of the first channel.
  • the burner of claim 1 including a third annular channel in said enclosure for providing pilot fuel thereto debouching into said first channel through at least one lateral opening.
  • annular discharge duct is conical with substantially constant cross section and diverging to the enclosure end face, wherein the terminal portion of the first annular channel is conical, and wherein the bluff body is disposed in the conical part of the first annular channel.
  • the burner of claim 1 including a substantially cylindrical flame chamber within said hollow enclosure downstream of said annular discharge duct.
  • the burner of claim 9 including means for axially adjusting the length of the flame chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
US33572A 1969-05-08 1970-05-01 Liquid fuel burner Expired - Lifetime US3644076A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2344369 1969-05-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3644076A true US3644076A (en) 1972-02-22

Family

ID=10195721

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US33572A Expired - Lifetime US3644076A (en) 1969-05-08 1970-05-01 Liquid fuel burner

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3644076A (nl)
BE (1) BE749712A (nl)
CA (1) CA927737A (nl)
DE (1) DE2022312A1 (nl)
FR (1) FR2047380A5 (nl)
GB (1) GB1303065A (nl)
NL (1) NL7006575A (nl)

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3706520A (en) * 1970-08-28 1972-12-19 Shell Oil Co Apparatus and method for heating shaft furnaces with fuel gas
US3787168A (en) * 1972-08-23 1974-01-22 Trw Inc Burner assembly for providing reduced emission of air pollutant
US3915626A (en) * 1974-04-22 1975-10-28 Air Prod & Chem Oxy-oil burner
US4073436A (en) * 1975-04-22 1978-02-14 Hans Behr Mixing and/or dispersing and spraying arrangement
US4155702A (en) * 1977-11-30 1979-05-22 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Burner
US4309165A (en) * 1979-04-18 1982-01-05 Mcelroy James G High velocity combustion furnace and burner
US4384846A (en) * 1979-10-23 1983-05-24 Krupp-Koppers Gmbh Burner
US4455982A (en) * 1982-03-05 1984-06-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnetically actuatable valve
US4736693A (en) * 1987-07-31 1988-04-12 Shell Oil Company Partial combustion burner with heat pipe-cooled face
US4739927A (en) * 1983-12-02 1988-04-26 Phillips Petroleum Company Catalytic cracking unit
US4764105A (en) * 1986-12-04 1988-08-16 Kirox, Inc. Waste combustion system
US4854853A (en) * 1986-12-04 1989-08-08 Kirox, Inc. Waste combustion system
WO1989011346A1 (en) * 1988-05-26 1989-11-30 American Combustion, Inc. Method and apparatus for flame treatment of solid particles
US5297390A (en) * 1992-11-10 1994-03-29 Solar Turbines Incorporated Fuel injection nozzle having tip cooling
US5315973A (en) * 1988-11-29 1994-05-31 University Of British Columbia Intensifier-injector for gaseous fuel for positive displacement engines
US5319936A (en) * 1991-09-19 1994-06-14 Hitachi, Ltd. Combustor system for stabilizing a premixed flame and a turbine system using the same
US5779158A (en) * 1996-04-16 1998-07-14 National Foam, Inc. Nozzle for use with fire-fighting foams
US6102308A (en) * 1998-04-02 2000-08-15 Task Force Tips, Inc. Self-educing nozzle
US6360677B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2002-03-26 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Injector for a burner and corresponding injection system
US6379146B1 (en) * 2001-04-09 2002-04-30 Zeeco, Inc. Flow divider for radiant wall burner
US7402039B1 (en) 2003-03-17 2008-07-22 Mcelroy James G High velocity pressure combustion system
US20090136882A1 (en) * 2007-11-28 2009-05-28 Zalman Lucien Burner with atomizer
US20100294858A1 (en) * 2009-05-20 2010-11-25 Benjamin Campbell Steinhaus Methods and systems for mixing reactor feed
US20110308254A1 (en) * 2003-10-23 2011-12-22 United Technologies Corporation Turbine Engine Fuel Injector
US20120018531A1 (en) * 2007-11-09 2012-01-26 Marcus Brian Mayhall Fenton improved mist generating apparatus
US20160097360A1 (en) * 2014-10-01 2016-04-07 Sandia Corporation Ducted fuel injection
US9593847B1 (en) 2014-03-05 2017-03-14 Zeeco, Inc. Fuel-flexible burner apparatus and method for fired heaters
US9593848B2 (en) 2014-06-09 2017-03-14 Zeeco, Inc. Non-symmetrical low NOx burner apparatus and method
US11754282B2 (en) 2021-06-23 2023-09-12 Zeeco, Inc. Lean pre-mix radiant wall burner apparatus and method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1586866A (en) * 1976-11-11 1981-03-25 Lucas Industries Ltd Liquid fuel atomiser assemlby

Cited By (38)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3706520A (en) * 1970-08-28 1972-12-19 Shell Oil Co Apparatus and method for heating shaft furnaces with fuel gas
US3787168A (en) * 1972-08-23 1974-01-22 Trw Inc Burner assembly for providing reduced emission of air pollutant
US3915626A (en) * 1974-04-22 1975-10-28 Air Prod & Chem Oxy-oil burner
US4073436A (en) * 1975-04-22 1978-02-14 Hans Behr Mixing and/or dispersing and spraying arrangement
US4155702A (en) * 1977-11-30 1979-05-22 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Burner
US4309165A (en) * 1979-04-18 1982-01-05 Mcelroy James G High velocity combustion furnace and burner
US4384846A (en) * 1979-10-23 1983-05-24 Krupp-Koppers Gmbh Burner
US4455982A (en) * 1982-03-05 1984-06-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electromagnetically actuatable valve
US4739927A (en) * 1983-12-02 1988-04-26 Phillips Petroleum Company Catalytic cracking unit
US4854853A (en) * 1986-12-04 1989-08-08 Kirox, Inc. Waste combustion system
US4764105A (en) * 1986-12-04 1988-08-16 Kirox, Inc. Waste combustion system
US4736693A (en) * 1987-07-31 1988-04-12 Shell Oil Company Partial combustion burner with heat pipe-cooled face
WO1989011346A1 (en) * 1988-05-26 1989-11-30 American Combustion, Inc. Method and apparatus for flame treatment of solid particles
US4890562A (en) * 1988-05-26 1990-01-02 American Combustion, Inc. Method and apparatus for treating solid particles
US5315973A (en) * 1988-11-29 1994-05-31 University Of British Columbia Intensifier-injector for gaseous fuel for positive displacement engines
US5319936A (en) * 1991-09-19 1994-06-14 Hitachi, Ltd. Combustor system for stabilizing a premixed flame and a turbine system using the same
US5297390A (en) * 1992-11-10 1994-03-29 Solar Turbines Incorporated Fuel injection nozzle having tip cooling
US5779158A (en) * 1996-04-16 1998-07-14 National Foam, Inc. Nozzle for use with fire-fighting foams
US6102308A (en) * 1998-04-02 2000-08-15 Task Force Tips, Inc. Self-educing nozzle
US6360677B1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2002-03-26 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Injector for a burner and corresponding injection system
US6379146B1 (en) * 2001-04-09 2002-04-30 Zeeco, Inc. Flow divider for radiant wall burner
US7402039B1 (en) 2003-03-17 2008-07-22 Mcelroy James G High velocity pressure combustion system
US20110308254A1 (en) * 2003-10-23 2011-12-22 United Technologies Corporation Turbine Engine Fuel Injector
US8186164B2 (en) * 2003-10-23 2012-05-29 United Technologies Corporation Turbine engine fuel injector
US20160038954A1 (en) * 2007-11-09 2016-02-11 Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh Mist generating apparatus
US20120018531A1 (en) * 2007-11-09 2012-01-26 Marcus Brian Mayhall Fenton improved mist generating apparatus
US9999893B2 (en) * 2007-11-09 2018-06-19 Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh Mist generating apparatus
US9089724B2 (en) * 2007-11-09 2015-07-28 Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh Mist generating apparatus
US20090136882A1 (en) * 2007-11-28 2009-05-28 Zalman Lucien Burner with atomizer
JP2011504997A (ja) * 2007-11-28 2011-02-17 シエル・インターナシヨネイル・リサーチ・マーチヤツピイ・ベー・ウイ 噴霧器付きバーナー
US8070483B2 (en) * 2007-11-28 2011-12-06 Shell Oil Company Burner with atomizer
US20100294858A1 (en) * 2009-05-20 2010-11-25 Benjamin Campbell Steinhaus Methods and systems for mixing reactor feed
US8783585B2 (en) * 2009-05-20 2014-07-22 General Electric Company Methods and systems for mixing reactor feed
US9593847B1 (en) 2014-03-05 2017-03-14 Zeeco, Inc. Fuel-flexible burner apparatus and method for fired heaters
US9593848B2 (en) 2014-06-09 2017-03-14 Zeeco, Inc. Non-symmetrical low NOx burner apparatus and method
US20160097360A1 (en) * 2014-10-01 2016-04-07 Sandia Corporation Ducted fuel injection
US9909549B2 (en) * 2014-10-01 2018-03-06 National Technology & Engineering Solutions Of Sandia, Llc Ducted fuel injection
US11754282B2 (en) 2021-06-23 2023-09-12 Zeeco, Inc. Lean pre-mix radiant wall burner apparatus and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA927737A (en) 1973-06-05
FR2047380A5 (nl) 1971-03-12
NL7006575A (nl) 1970-11-10
BE749712A (nl) 1970-10-29
DE2022312A1 (de) 1970-11-19
GB1303065A (nl) 1973-01-17

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