US364403A - Steam-generator - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) `4 sheets-sheet 1.

' W. H. FARRIS.'

STEAM GENERATOR. No. 364,403. Patented June 7, 1887.

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4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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W. H. FARRIS lSTEAM GENERATOR.

No. 364,403. Patented June 7, 1887.

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STEAM` GENERATOR.

No. 364,403, Patented June 71 1887.

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` W. H. FARRIS.

STEAM GENERATOR. No. 364,403. Patented June 7, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.Y

VILLIAM HENRY FARRIS, OFROGK ISLAND, ILLINOIS.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 364,403, dated June 7, 1887.

Application filed February 9, 1887. Serial No. 927,030. (No model.) d

To all whom may concern.'

4Be it known that I, WILLIAM HENRY FAR- RIs, of Rock Island, in the county of Rock Island and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Steam Generators, Circulators, and Pulsators; and I do hereby declare the Afollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an iixiprovcinent in Steanrgenerators.

In Letters Patent No. 349,426, granted to me on the 21st day of September, 1886, a hollow bridge-wall was shown and described, the interior of which was provided with chambers having a direct communication with each other. A set of hollow grate-bars were removably secu red to the bridge-wall by co1npression-joints, and hollow side bars, also connected with the bridgeAwall by compressionjoints, led from the bridge-wall along the sides of and within the {ire-box to the water and steam portions of the boiler, one of the saidside bars serving as a conduit for leading the water from the boiler to the bridge-wall, and

. atfthe same time as a steainconduit for returning any steam which might be generated therein or back up from the bridge-wall therein to the steam portion of the boiler through a branch pipe, and the other side bar serving as a Stettin-discharge and steam-generating pipe onl lhe object of my present invention is to simplify the construction and arrangement of the bridgewall and conducting-pipes for the purpose of adapting them to use in connection with all forms of boilers, and for rendering the circulation of the water and generation of steam more rapid and uniform.

A further object is to provide a bridge-wall of increased height and of such form that the bars which conduct the steam from the steamchamber of the bridge-wall to the boiler shall occupy positions within and along the sides of the lire-space at a considerable distance above the grate-bars,for the particular purpose of burning wood to advantage.

Vith `these ends in view my invention con sists in a bridge-wall provided with a waterreceiving and steam dischargin g chamber communicating with each other only through the hollow gratebars and tubes leading from one of with a water-conducting pipe leading fromthe water-space of the boiler to the water-receiving chamber of the bridge-wall anda steamconducting pipe leading from-thc steam-dis charging chamber of the bridge-wall to the steam-space of the boiler. h

My invent-ion further consists in asectional bridge-wall, thelower section of which is provided with a water and a steam chamber, and the upper section of which is provided with a steamchamber in communication with the steam-chamber of the lower section and with the steam-space of vthe boiler.

My invention further consists in certain features of construction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a top plan view, partly in section, showing one form of hollow bridge-wall, the side conveying and return pipes, and the hollow gratebars, the rear portion of the boiler being broken away. Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the saine. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the same with a portion of the re pot wall broken away. Fig. 1I is a longitudinal'vertical section through line m x of Fig. l. Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section through line y y of Fig. l. Fig. Gis a partial side elevation ofthe grate-bars and stean1-conducting pipes, showing the wood-burning bridge-wall in endelevatiou.- Fig. 7 is a vertical section of the wood-burning bridge-wall, taken transversely through it-s central portion. Fig. S is a vertical section taken longitudinally through fthe center of the wood-burning bridge-wall. Fig. 9 is aview of the compression-joint, showing its parts in detail. Fig.10 is a View in 1ongitudinal vertical section, showing the adaptan tion of the generating grate-bars to arlocomotive or marine engine. Fig. 1l is a transverse vertical section of. the locomotive or marine boiler through the line e a of Fig. l0, and Fig. 12 is a detached view of one form of loose joint.

A represents a boiler of ordinary construe tion; B,a grate; C, a bridgewall,and a. the fur nace-wall.

The form of bridgewall shown in Figs. l to ,5, inclusive, is a simple and economical form,

IOO

adapted to use in connection with coalburning furnaces.

The form of bridge-wall adapted to woodburning, or to both wood-burning and coalburning, furnaces is, however, the one which I propose to consider the preferred form in my present application; and since it consists broadly in an auxiliary steam-chamber coupled onto the steam-ehamber shown in my former patent, I shall describe it after I have described the form shown in the first ve figures.

A pipe, a2, leads from the boiler from a point below the water-line, and preferably from thc end over the doors opening into the firebox, and extending partially across the end to one side of the furnace-wall, leads along outside of the fire-box, and preferably outside of the furnace-wall to a point opposite the end of the bridge-wall, where it turns and enters the end of the bridge-Wall, thereby forminga conduit for the water to flow from the boiler into a chamber within the said bridge-wall.

The pipe a2 isprovided at convenient points with a stopvalve, D, forshutting off the water in case of accident or for repairs or other purpose, and with a check-valve, cZ, to prevent the water from setting back and interfering with the flow from the boiler.

The interior of the bridge-wall G, Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, is seperated by a suitable partition, c, into two chambers, e and c?, which preferably extend nearly its entire length, and, for convenience, are arranged one in front of and above the other. The lower chamber, c2, is the one which the pipe a2 enters, and which, through the pipe afgis supplied with water from the boiler. l

The grate-bars B consists of tubes provided with curved faced transverse grate-lugs Z) on their upper sides. They are preferably of taper form, as shown, and the grate-bars are open at their ends adjacent to the bridge-wall and closed at their op posite ends. Their ends adjacent to the bridge-wall are reenforced, as shown at b', and provided with annular grooves b2, thel outer portions of the grooves being bell or. funnel shaped in cross section, as shown at b3..

The lower portion of the bridge-wall is pro` vided with a series of bosses, c3, surrounding openings c4 into the chamber e at such intervals as separate the grate-bars, and the ends of the bosses c3 are provided with annular grooves c5, adapted to register with and having the same form as the grooves b2 in the ends ef thegrate-bars. The j oint between thegratebar and the boss c3 is formed bya ring or thimble, E, of double convex shape in cross-section, its opposite edges being constructed to enter the groovesl b2 c5, but not touch the bottoms of the grooves, thereby insuring a tight joint between the ring or thinible and the walls of the` grooves, even though the gratebars be tilted out of line.

The grate-bars B are drawn toward the bridge-wall and the ring or thimble E compressed between them by rods F, provided the grate-bars, and are threaded to receive draw-nutsfz.

The contact-faces ofthe nuts f'l are rounded, as shown at f3, and engage concave seatsf4in the ends of the bars, whereby the grate-bar is allowed to tilt without opening the joint or straining the parts. The free ends of the bars B are provided with projections b4, adapted to Y engage a movable shoe or rest, H, in a slot, l1,

the shoe beingpsupported upon a suitable offset, l, or in any other well known or approved manner.

The construction-is such that when it is desired to remove a grate-bar for any purpose the shoe H may be slid toward the end of the grate-bar until it clears the offset l, and the end ofthe bar be then dropped below the said offset, and Withdrawn through the ash-pit door or other suitable opening.

The chamber et in the bridge-wall communicates with the interior of the grate-bars through tubes K, which are set firmly in the wall of the chamber c2, and extend thence through the openings c,and along the interiors of the grate-bars to points near the closed ends of the said bars.

The water from the chamber c2 flows into the hollow grate-bars through the tubes K. It is there converted more or less rapidly into steam, which escapes from the grate-bar into the chamber c', and thence through suitable conducting-pipes to the boiler above the waterline, as follows: On the opposite sides of the fire-box, and within it, are located steam-conducting tubes L,whieh extend from the bridgewall on an upward incline to and through the end furnace-wall, thence to the right and left, as shown at Z, thence upwardly, as shown at Z, and thence toward each other, as shown at Z2, uniting with a common inlet-pipe, M, entering the boiler above the water-line. The changes in direction which conducting-pipes L, Z, Z', and Z2 assume are conveniently made by t-he ordinary L and T shaped bends; but may be made, if found desirable in any instance, by bending the pipe itself. To prevent the baekset of steam from the boiler, a check-valve, N, is inserted in the inlet-pipe M.

A blow-off pipe, O, provided with a stopvalve, o, is attached to a portion of the pipe Z, Z, 85e., preferably at a point where it makes its turn upwardly. This is conveniently accomplished by placing a T-connection at the bend, as shown. The ends of the tubes L adjacent to the fire-bridge, are connected to the bridge by compression-joints m, in a mann er quite similar to that hereinbefore explained with reference to the attachment of the gratebars 'to the bridgewalL The rods m, which hold the tubes L pressed IOO toward the bridge-wall, are constructed similar to the rods F, and have their squared portions mZ let into angular slots in lugs n, formed in the outer sides of the openings p, through the bosses P. rllheir heads m engage the sides of the lugs, and their opposite ends project through the T-coupling n2, outside of the j wall, where they are provided with rounded-faced nuts m4, adapted to engage concave seats m in the outside of the couplings.

In the preferred construction of bridge-wall, (represented in Figs. 6, 7, and 5,) a detachable hollow upper section is provided with a steam chamber, C', communicating with the steamchamber c of the lower section through openings S S', formed, respectively7 in the bottom ot' the upper section and top of the lower section at their central portions. The openings S S are surrounded bybosses having annular grooves in their faces, in which a ring-coupling is inserted similar to that hereinbefore described. Vithin the opening S in the bottom of the upper section a recessed lug, s, is located to form a seat for the head and stein of the coupling-bolt s', which projects thence downwardly through the chamber e2, and is provided with a nut, s2, on its lower end, which serves to draw and lock together the two sections of the bridge-wall. 'lhe upper section, C2, of the bridge-wall has a rearward tilt from the top of the lower section, and the steameonducting tubes L lead from it at points near its top and ends. The recessed Vfaced lugs G in thel openings leading to the grate-bars are here set with their faces upright instead of horizontal, andthe circulatingtubes extend along just below or partially in front of the recesses in the lugs, and thereby serve to prevent the displacement of the rods while the grate-bars are being adjusted. The high narrow steamchamber leading from the ends of the grate-bars upwardly to the top of the lower section of the bridge-Wall and thence through the openings S S into the upper section, and thence to its top, exposes the water to an eX- tended heatingsurfaee and serves to convert a great quantity of it into steam beforev it reaches the steamconducting tubes L. The

construction also gives an increased depth andlength of hre-space with the necessary room between the grate-bars and tubes L to admit sticks of wood. Its sectional construction also renders it easier to handle and more simple to manufacture.

The steam generated in the grate-bars and chambers c or chambers c C of the bridge wall enters the boiler through the tubes L and inlet-pipe M whenever the pressure becomes snfiicient to move the check-valve N against the pressure of steam within the boiler, and

as fast as water is converted into steam and enters the boiler a fresh supply will pass from the boiler to the chamber c2.

The admission of the water to the chamber c2 may be positively regulated by the stopvalve D, or may be entirely cut oft. If any water escapes from the grate'bars into the chamber c of the bridge-wall and thence into the chamberG and into the tubes L the heat to which they are exposed will tend to convert it into steam, and at all times there is such a ready communication between the side tube, L, through the medium of the pipes Z Z Z2, that the pressure of steam will be equalized and its entrance into the boiler very regular.

Steam or water cushioning of the Valves may be remedied and dirt removed from the pipes by opening the blow-off valve o.

At suitable places the apparatus is provided with plugs Q, aiiording access to the several passage-ways for cleaning purposes.

The construction shown in Fig. is one of the approved arrangementsv for applying the above-described improvement to locomotive or marine engines. The bridge-wall in this instance is rounded at the bottom and rests in rocking adjustment, on suitable supports, to admit of the grate being tilted with the ash-pan in cleaning out. The pipe a2, for feeding water from the boiler to the chamber c2 ofthe bridge-wall, enters the bridge-wall from below and the-boiler at the water-wall in front of the bridge-wall. The pipe L, Z, Z, Ste., for conducting the steam from the chamber c' to thesteam space of the boiler, connects with the chamber c through a tubed portion of the water-wall in front of the bridgewall, and extends thence in curved form up the side ot the boiler, and thence rearwardly and into the boiler at the base of the steam-dome. Both pipes c2 and L are provided with loose or ball joints It, to permit the tilting ofthe bridge wall and grate-bars, and with the necessary stop and check valves. The sizes and shapes of the conducting pipes and bars and their arrangements relatively to the boiler and to each other are matters depending to a great extent upon the style and setting ofthe boiler. The forms shown are those which are iound preferable wherever practicable.

It is evident that numerous slight changes might be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention; hence I do not wish to limit myself strictly to the construction herein set forth; but,

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a steamgenerator, the combination, with a boiler, steam-generating gratebars, and a hollow britlgewall provided with a water-receiving and a steam-disch argi n g chamber, of an independent waterconducting pipe leading from the boiler to the said waterreceiving 4chamber of the bridge-wall and a steanrconducting pipe leading from the steanr discharging chamber of the bridge-wall to the boiler, substantially as set forth,

2. In a steam-generator, the combination,

with a boiler, hollow steam-generating gratebars, and a hollow bridge-wall provided with a water-receiving and a steam-discharging chamber, the outlet from the water-receiving chamber being only through tubes leading IOO therefrom into the interiors of the hollow gratebars, of a water-conducting pipe leading from the boiler to the water-receiving chamber of the bridge-wall and. a steam-conducting pipe leading from the steam-discharging chamber ofthe bridge-wall to the boiler, substantially as set forth.

3. In a steam-generator, the combination, with a boiler, a bridge-wall provided with a water receiving and a steam discharging chamber, and hollow grate-bars, through which the chambers in the bridge-wall communicate with each other, of a water-conducting pipe leading from the boiler to the bridgewall outside of the fire-space and a steamconducting pipe leading from the bridge-wall to the boiler, substantially as set forth.

4. In a steam-generator, the combination, with the boiler and the bridge-wall provided with a water-receiving and a steam-discharging chamber, communicating with cach other through the hollow grate-bars, of a water-conducting pipe leading from the boiler to the vbridge-Wall outside of the fire-space and a steam-conducting pipeleading from the bridgewall to the boiler and passing through the [irespace, substantially as set forth.

5. In a steain-generator, the combination,

with the bridge-wall with its water-receiving and steamdischarging chambers, ofthe waterconducting pipe leading from the boiler to the bridge-wall outside the fire-space and the steamconducting pipes leading from the bridge-wall to the boiler along the sides of and within the lire-space, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with the steam-generating grate-bars and the bridge-wall with its water-chamber and its steam-chamber, of the independent water-conducting pipe and the steam-conducting pipes leading from separate points of the steam-chamber and uniting in a common steam inlet pipe, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with the steam-generating grate-bars and the bridge-wall with its Water-chamber and its steam-chambers, of the independent water-conducting pipe with its stop-valves and check-valves, the steam conducting and generating pipes communicating lugs located at the sides of the openings intothe steam-chamber, and the draw-rods with their heads and squared portions adapted to engage the lugs, substantially as set forth.

9. A steam-generating bridge-wall consist ing, essentially, of a lowerhollow section and an upper hollow section, the sections being connected together in a slightly tilting or rocking adjustment by a steam-tight joint, substanv tiall y as set forth.

l0. The bridge-wall consisting, essentially, of the rearwardly-tilting hollow upper section and the two-chambered lower sections, the two sections communicating with each other and being detachable from each oth er,substantially as set forth.

11. A steam-generating bridge -wall composed of hollow sections united by a steamtight compressionjoint, through which the sections communicate with each other,substan tially as set forth.

12. The combination, with thc lower section of the bridge-wall with its water and steam chambers andthe hollow grate-bars communicating with the steam-chamber direct and with the water-chamber through a circulatingtube, of the upper bridge-wall section with its auxiliary steam-chamber in communication Y Y with the steamchamber of the lower section and the steam-conducting pipes leading from the steam-chamber in the upper section to the boiler, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specilication in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM HENRY FARMS.

Witnesses:

GEORGE TrLEsToN, JOHN I-I. DAVIS.

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