US3642060A - Water-cooled apparatus - Google Patents

Water-cooled apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3642060A
US3642060A US19597A US3642060DA US3642060A US 3642060 A US3642060 A US 3642060A US 19597 A US19597 A US 19597A US 3642060D A US3642060D A US 3642060DA US 3642060 A US3642060 A US 3642060A
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tubular member
lance
expansion means
water
tubular
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US19597A
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Joseph W Hlinka
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Bethlehem Steel Corp
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Bethlehem Steel Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4606—Lances or injectors

Definitions

  • the lance is designed so that the outermost tubular member is free to expand in an axial direction and carries practically no load.
  • the design is applicable to water-cooled burners, probes and other similar devices.
  • a typical example of such a device is the oxygen lance which is used to introduce gaseous oxygen into a steelmaking converter or furnace.
  • the oxygen lance is normally comprised of a plurality of spaced concentric tubular members some of which are joined at their forward ends by a copper tip or nozzle.
  • the several tubular members not only form a conduit for the gaseous oxygen but also form passages for the circulation of cooling water throughout the lance.
  • the outermost tubular member is subjected to severe temperature and corrosive conditions while the inner tubular members are kept relatively cool and protected by the circulating cooling water. This condition causes the outermost tubular member to expand in length much more than the inner tubular members and unless provision is made for this differential expansion in the construction of the lance, stresses will develop in the lance which will distort the lance and even cause a rupture.
  • the expansion of the outer tubular member in the previously known lance designs causes the lance tip or nozzle and the internal tubular members to move closer to the bath of molten metal in the furnace or converter. Since the spacing of the lance tip relating to the surface of the bath is often critical, this movement may affect the refining process. If the lance, contains instruments this movement may affect their operation.
  • a fluidtight expansion joint such as a slip joint between the outermost tubular member and the lance support so that the outennost tubular member is free to move in an axial direction as it expands and also carries practically no load.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross section of an oxygen lance showing a preferred embodiment of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section of an oxygen lance showing another embodiment of this invention.
  • the lance l is comprised of three coaxial concentrically spaced elongated tubular members 2, 3 and 4.
  • the innermost tubular member 2 and the outermost tubular member 4 are connected at their forward ends by a tip or nozzle member 5.
  • the innermost tubular member 2 is connected at its rearward end to a source of gaseous oxygen under pressure by elbow 6.
  • the tubular member 2 serves as a conduit for the gaseous oxygen before it is finally discharged through the nozzle orifices 7 in the nozzle member 5.
  • the intermediate tubular member 3 divides the space between the innermost tubular member 2 and the outermost tubular member 4 into a pair of passages for the circulation of water or other coolant fluid.
  • the cooling water enters lance 1 through the inlet passage 8 at the rearward end of the lance 1.
  • the water flows downwardly in the passageway formed between the innermost tubular member 2 and the intermediate tubular member 3 until it reaches the nozzle member 5 at which point it is then deflected upwardly in the passageway formed between the intermediate tubular member 3 and the outermost tubular member 4 and finally is discharged through outlet passage 9 at the rearward end of lance l.
  • the tubular members 2, 3 and 4 are preferably made of steel.
  • the tip or nozzle member 5 is preferably made of copper or a copper alloy.
  • a steel collar assembly 11 surrounds the rearward end of lance 1 just below the water inlet passage 8 and water outlet passage 9.
  • the collar assembly 11 rests upon or is upon or is otherwise secured to a lance support assembly 12 which not only supports the lance l but may also be a carriage to move the lance in and out of the furnace and to hold it in a fixed position relative to the furnace. It is important to note that by securing the inner tubular member 2 to the collar assembly 11, the collar assembly 11 then transmits the entire load of lance l to the lance support assembly 12 thereby placing practically no load on the outermost tubular member 4.
  • the rearward end of the outermost tubular member 4 terminates within the collar assembly 11 and is immediately adjacent thereto.
  • Grooves 13 are machined in the outer wall of the rearward end of tubular member 4 to accommodate rubber O-rings H which form a fluidtight slip joint between the collar assembly I l and the outermost tubular member 4.
  • the outermost tubular member 4 floats freely and is free to move in an axial direction relative to the collar assembly 11 as it expands while in the heated furnace.
  • the inner tubular member 2 is the load carrying member of the lance l and will carry practically the entire load of the lance and the cooling water.
  • the inner tubular member 2 remains fixed.
  • While the innermost tubular member 2 may be secured to collar assembly 11 by welding, I prefer to use a threaded coupling 15 which screws into the to plate 17 of collar assembly l2 and a lock nut 16 on the rearward end of innermost tubular member 2 in order to permit an easy disassembly of the lance l for repair.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment of this invention in which a bellows type of expansion joint 18 joins the rearward end of the outermost tubular member 4 with the collar assembly l l.
  • a flange 19 is welded horizontally to the outer wall of tubular member 4 below the joint 18 to protect the bellows from the heat of the furnace.
  • Apparatus for introducing materials into the heated interior of a chamber comprising:
  • a fluidtight expansion means sealing the space between the rearward end of said first tubular member and said collar assembly and permitting movement of said first tubular member in an axial direction without movement of the second and third tubular members and said collar assembly surrounding said expansion means and being positioned to substantially reduce the effect of any harmful environment on the expansion means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

A water-cooled multitubular lance for introducing oxygen or other materials into the interior of a heated chamber. The lance is designed so that the outermost tubular member is free to expand in an axial direction and carries practically no load. The design is applicable to water-cooled burners, probes and other similar devices.

Description

[ Feb. 15, 1972 United States Patent Hlinka [54] WATER-COOLED APPARATUS 3,202,201 8/1965 Masella et 3,317,223 5/1967 Ingrahametal..................
[73] Assignee:
[ 22] Filed:
Primary Examiner-Albert W. Davis, Jr. Attorney-John 1. Iverson [21] Appl. No.:
[57] ABSTRACT A water-cooled multitubular lance for introducing oxygen or [521 U.S.CL...............,..,............165/47,165/83,239/132.3, [511 m. C. .........3????ff.iii/11103102555903 aahah maahah ha ha hhhahah ah a haaaaa ahaahhah- The lance is designed so that the outermost tubular member is free to expand in an axial direction and carries practically no load. The design is applicable to water-cooled burners, probes and other similar devices.
[58] Field of [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 6 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures Johnston et al. ...................285/187 X WATER-COOLED APPARATUS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to elongated water-cooled tubular devices which are exposed to high temperatures. It relates especially to the construction of water-cooled lances, probes, instruments and burners such as are used in metallurgical operations.
In many metallurgical operations it is a common practice to introduce materials, such as fuels and gases, or instruments, such as thermocouples, into the heated interior of a furnace or converter through an elongated tubular conduit. Since the portion of the conduit in thefurnace or converter is exposed to high temperatures for extended periods of time, it is common practice to protect the conduit with a water-cooled jacket. A typical example of such a device is the oxygen lance which is used to introduce gaseous oxygen into a steelmaking converter or furnace. The oxygen lance is normally comprised of a plurality of spaced concentric tubular members some of which are joined at their forward ends by a copper tip or nozzle. The several tubular members not only form a conduit for the gaseous oxygen but also form passages for the circulation of cooling water throughout the lance. The outermost tubular member is subjected to severe temperature and corrosive conditions while the inner tubular members are kept relatively cool and protected by the circulating cooling water. This condition causes the outermost tubular member to expand in length much more than the inner tubular members and unless provision is made for this differential expansion in the construction of the lance, stresses will develop in the lance which will distort the lance and even cause a rupture.
Heretofore, it has been the practice to clamp or otherwise rigidly secure the outermost tubular member of the lance to the lance support mechanism or, in some cases, directly to the wall or roof of the furnace. Because of the differential expansion, the inner tubular members are often fitted with slip joints which will permit the inner tubular members to move freely in lon itudinal axial direction. By fitting these slip joints with rings or the like, the slip joints can be made fluid tight. With such a lance, the fixed outermost tubular member supports the weight of the cooling water in the lance and the skull" of metal and slag which sometimes adheres to the exterior of the lance.
The combination of a large structural load and the constant exposure to the extreme temperature and corrosive conditions often causes this outermost tubular member to fail, especially at the connection where it is welded to the copper tip or nozzle. Furthermore. the internal slip joints used in such lances are difficult to maintain due to lack of access. Frequently they do not function and therefore create stresses in the lance severe enough to crack the welded joints or crush the copper tip or nozzle.
The expansion of the outer tubular member in the previously known lance designs causes the lance tip or nozzle and the internal tubular members to move closer to the bath of molten metal in the furnace or converter. Since the spacing of the lance tip relating to the surface of the bath is often critical, this movement may affect the refining process. If the lance, contains instruments this movement may affect their operation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a design for a water-cooled lance or a similar device in which the outermost tubular member is allowed to move freely in a longitudinal axial direction and also carries practically no load.
It is a further object of this invention to provide a design for a water-cooled lance or similar device in which the weight of the lance, the cooling water and the skull of metal and slag are carried by one or more of the cooled and protected inner tubular members.
It is a still further object of this invention to provide a design for a water-cooled lance or similar device in which the lance tip and the internal tubular members are maintained in a fixed position relative to the surface of a bath of molten metal in a converter or furnace.
It is a still further object of this invention to provide a design for a water-cooled lance or similar device which is easier to construct and maintain than previously known lance designs.
I have discovered the foregoing objects can be attained by placing a fluidtight expansion joint such as a slip joint between the outermost tubular member and the lance support so that the outennost tubular member is free to move in an axial direction as it expands and also carries practically no load.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a cross section of an oxygen lance showing a preferred embodiment of this invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross section of an oxygen lance showing another embodiment of this invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to the FIGURES and in particular to FIG. I, illustrating an oxygen lance of this invention, the lance l is comprised of three coaxial concentrically spaced elongated tubular members 2, 3 and 4. The innermost tubular member 2 and the outermost tubular member 4 are connected at their forward ends by a tip or nozzle member 5.
The innermost tubular member 2 is connected at its rearward end to a source of gaseous oxygen under pressure by elbow 6. The tubular member 2 serves as a conduit for the gaseous oxygen before it is finally discharged through the nozzle orifices 7 in the nozzle member 5. The intermediate tubular member 3 divides the space between the innermost tubular member 2 and the outermost tubular member 4 into a pair of passages for the circulation of water or other coolant fluid. The cooling water enters lance 1 through the inlet passage 8 at the rearward end of the lance 1. The water flows downwardly in the passageway formed between the innermost tubular member 2 and the intermediate tubular member 3 until it reaches the nozzle member 5 at which point it is then deflected upwardly in the passageway formed between the intermediate tubular member 3 and the outermost tubular member 4 and finally is discharged through outlet passage 9 at the rearward end of lance l.
The tubular members 2, 3 and 4 are preferably made of steel. The tip or nozzle member 5 is preferably made of copper or a copper alloy.
As shown in FIG. I, a steel collar assembly 11 surrounds the rearward end of lance 1 just below the water inlet passage 8 and water outlet passage 9. The collar assembly 11 rests upon or is upon or is otherwise secured to a lance support assembly 12 which not only supports the lance l but may also be a carriage to move the lance in and out of the furnace and to hold it in a fixed position relative to the furnace. It is important to note that by securing the inner tubular member 2 to the collar assembly 11, the collar assembly 11 then transmits the entire load of lance l to the lance support assembly 12 thereby placing practically no load on the outermost tubular member 4.
As further illustrated by FIG. 1, the rearward end of the outermost tubular member 4 terminates within the collar assembly 11 and is immediately adjacent thereto. Grooves 13 are machined in the outer wall of the rearward end of tubular member 4 to accommodate rubber O-rings H which form a fluidtight slip joint between the collar assembly I l and the outermost tubular member 4.
As a result of this construction of lance l, the outermost tubular member 4 floats freely and is free to move in an axial direction relative to the collar assembly 11 as it expands while in the heated furnace. The inner tubular member 2 is the load carrying member of the lance l and will carry practically the entire load of the lance and the cooling water. The inner tubular member 2 remains fixed.
While the innermost tubular member 2 may be secured to collar assembly 11 by welding, I prefer to use a threaded coupling 15 which screws into the to plate 17 of collar assembly l2 and a lock nut 16 on the rearward end of innermost tubular member 2 in order to permit an easy disassembly of the lance l for repair.
FIG. 2 illustrates another embodiment of this invention in which a bellows type of expansion joint 18 joins the rearward end of the outermost tubular member 4 with the collar assembly l l. A flange 19 is welded horizontally to the outer wall of tubular member 4 below the joint 18 to protect the bellows from the heat of the furnace.
With these designs the outermost tubular member is free to move in an axial direction and carries almost no load. Such a construction contributes greatly to a long trouble-free life for such water-cooled devices. Such a construction also insures that the lance tip or nozzle and the inner tubular members remain in a fixed position relative to the surface of the bath of molten metal in the furnace or converter during the course of the heat.
While I have described this invention as applied to an oxygen lance having the oxygen conduit in the center of the lance, it will be apparent that this invention can be applied to oxygen lances having the oxygen pass down an intermediate passageway or to other water-cooled tubular devices such as burners, proves or instruments which use a water jacket as protection against the effects of high temperatures.
Similarly, while I prefer to use the O-ring type of slip joint, other types of expansion joints such as the bellows joint illustrated in FIG. 2 or packing glands could be used to permit the free axial movement of the outermost tubular member 4 without departing from this invention.
1 claim:
1. Apparatus for introducing materials into the heated interior of a chamber comprising:
a. a first tubular member,
b. a second tubular member spaced concentrically within said first tubular member and joined at its forward end with the forward end of said first tubular member,
c. a third tubular member spaced concentrically between said first and second tubular members and forming therewith a pair of passages for a coolant,
d. a collar assembly spaced concentrically outwardly from said tubular members and fixedly secured to the rearward ends of said second and third tubular members, and
e. a fluidtight expansion means sealing the space between the rearward end of said first tubular member and said collar assembly and permitting movement of said first tubular member in an axial direction without movement of the second and third tubular members and said collar assembly surrounding said expansion means and being positioned to substantially reduce the effect of any harmful environment on the expansion means.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the second tubular member forms a conduit for gaseous oxygen.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the expansion means is a slip joint.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the expansion means is a bellows joint.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the expansion means is a packing gland.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the materials are instruments.

Claims (6)

1. Apparatus for introducing materials into the heated interior of a chamber comprising: a. a first tubular member, b. a second tubular member spaced concentrically within said first tubular member and joined at its forward end with the forward end of said first tubular member, c. a third tubular member spaced concentrically between said first and second tubular members and forming therewith a pair of passages for a coolant, d. a collar assembly spaced concentrically outwardly from said tubular members and fixedly secured to the rearward ends of said second and third tubular members, and e. a fluidtight expansion means sealing the space between the rearward end of said first tubular member and said collar assembly and permitting movement of said first tubular member in an axial direction without movement of the second and third tubular members and said collar assembly surrounding said expansion means and being positioned to substantially reduce the effect of any harmful environment on the expansion means.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the second tubular member forms a conduit for gaseous oxygen.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the expansion means is a slip joint.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the expansion means is a bellows joint.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the expansion means is a packing gland.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 in which the materiAls are instruments.
US19597A 1970-03-16 1970-03-16 Water-cooled apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3642060A (en)

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3788548A (en) * 1972-06-05 1974-01-29 Continental Can Co Control temperature blow stick for injection mold apparatus
US4384846A (en) * 1979-10-23 1983-05-24 Krupp-Koppers Gmbh Burner
US4396182A (en) * 1980-12-22 1983-08-02 Institut De Recherches De La Siderurgi Francaise Lance for blowing an oxydizing gas, especially oxygen, onto a bath of molten metal
US4739927A (en) * 1983-12-02 1988-04-26 Phillips Petroleum Company Catalytic cracking unit
US6533334B1 (en) 1999-10-13 2003-03-18 Chart Inc. Vacuum-jacketed bayonet pipe spool and pipe spool system for cryogenic fluid
US6565800B2 (en) * 2000-05-30 2003-05-20 Technological Resources Pty Ltd Apparatus for injecting solid particulate material into a vessel
US6695358B2 (en) 1999-10-13 2004-02-24 Chart, Inc. Controlled leak cryogenic bayonet pipe spool and system
US20040239108A1 (en) * 2003-04-02 2004-12-02 Chart Industries Inc. Fluid piping system and pipe spools suitable for sub sea use
JP2008501071A (en) * 2004-05-31 2008-01-17 オウトクンプ テクノロジー オサケイティオ ユルキネン Direct reduction process
US20080202739A1 (en) * 2007-02-27 2008-08-28 Barfknecht Robert J 2-Pass heat exchanger including internal bellows assemblies
US20090096207A1 (en) * 2007-10-12 2009-04-16 Flex-Hose Co. Inc. Pipe guide for expansion joint
CN102720914A (en) * 2012-07-10 2012-10-10 南京晨光东螺波纹管有限公司 Outer water-cooling and inner thermal-insulating high-pressure and high-temperature expansion joint
US20140196503A1 (en) * 2013-01-16 2014-07-17 Guardian Industries Corp. Water cooled oxygen lance for use in a float glass furnace and/or float glass furnace using the same
US20150345788A1 (en) * 2012-12-26 2015-12-03 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Combustion burner and pressurized gasification furnace

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3095220A (en) * 1959-02-16 1963-06-25 Herrick L Johnston Inc Zero load pump flange connection
US3202201A (en) * 1962-01-15 1965-08-24 Chemetron Corp Gas burner for melting and refining scrap metal
US3240481A (en) * 1961-07-27 1966-03-15 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for adding solids and oxygen to an open hearth furnace
US3317223A (en) * 1964-09-28 1967-05-02 Air Preheater Multiple expansion joint

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1282042B (en) * 1956-10-13 1968-11-07 Bot Brassert Oxygen Technik A Blowpipe for refining pig iron
US3170977A (en) * 1961-11-16 1965-02-23 Koppers Co Inc Oxygen lance with detachable barrel
FR1385314A (en) * 1964-03-17 1965-01-08 Beteiligungs & Patentverw Gmbh Lance for refining by blow molding over metal baths
DE1433461B2 (en) * 1964-12-30 1972-02-10 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR MONITORING AND CONTROLLING THE REACTION PROCESS IN THE OXYGEN INFLATION PROCESS
FR1549911A (en) * 1968-01-02 1968-12-13

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3095220A (en) * 1959-02-16 1963-06-25 Herrick L Johnston Inc Zero load pump flange connection
US3240481A (en) * 1961-07-27 1966-03-15 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for adding solids and oxygen to an open hearth furnace
US3202201A (en) * 1962-01-15 1965-08-24 Chemetron Corp Gas burner for melting and refining scrap metal
US3317223A (en) * 1964-09-28 1967-05-02 Air Preheater Multiple expansion joint

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3788548A (en) * 1972-06-05 1974-01-29 Continental Can Co Control temperature blow stick for injection mold apparatus
US4384846A (en) * 1979-10-23 1983-05-24 Krupp-Koppers Gmbh Burner
US4396182A (en) * 1980-12-22 1983-08-02 Institut De Recherches De La Siderurgi Francaise Lance for blowing an oxydizing gas, especially oxygen, onto a bath of molten metal
US4739927A (en) * 1983-12-02 1988-04-26 Phillips Petroleum Company Catalytic cracking unit
US6533334B1 (en) 1999-10-13 2003-03-18 Chart Inc. Vacuum-jacketed bayonet pipe spool and pipe spool system for cryogenic fluid
US6695358B2 (en) 1999-10-13 2004-02-24 Chart, Inc. Controlled leak cryogenic bayonet pipe spool and system
US6565800B2 (en) * 2000-05-30 2003-05-20 Technological Resources Pty Ltd Apparatus for injecting solid particulate material into a vessel
US20040239108A1 (en) * 2003-04-02 2004-12-02 Chart Industries Inc. Fluid piping system and pipe spools suitable for sub sea use
US7137651B2 (en) 2003-04-02 2006-11-21 Chart Industries, Inc. Fluid piping systems and pipe spools suitable for sub sea use
US7780759B2 (en) * 2004-05-31 2010-08-24 Outotec Oyj Direct reduction process
JP2008501071A (en) * 2004-05-31 2008-01-17 オウトクンプ テクノロジー オサケイティオ ユルキネン Direct reduction process
US20080229881A1 (en) * 2004-05-31 2008-09-25 Outokumpu Technology Oyj Direct Reduction Process
US20080202739A1 (en) * 2007-02-27 2008-08-28 Barfknecht Robert J 2-Pass heat exchanger including internal bellows assemblies
US8794299B2 (en) * 2007-02-27 2014-08-05 Modine Manufacturing Company 2-Pass heat exchanger including thermal expansion joints
US20090096207A1 (en) * 2007-10-12 2009-04-16 Flex-Hose Co. Inc. Pipe guide for expansion joint
US8033576B2 (en) * 2007-10-12 2011-10-11 Flex-Hose Co. Inc. Pipe guide for expansion joint
CN102720914A (en) * 2012-07-10 2012-10-10 南京晨光东螺波纹管有限公司 Outer water-cooling and inner thermal-insulating high-pressure and high-temperature expansion joint
CN102720914B (en) * 2012-07-10 2014-04-16 南京晨光东螺波纹管有限公司 Outer water-cooling and inner thermal-insulating high-pressure and high-temperature expansion joint
US20150345788A1 (en) * 2012-12-26 2015-12-03 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Combustion burner and pressurized gasification furnace
US20140196503A1 (en) * 2013-01-16 2014-07-17 Guardian Industries Corp. Water cooled oxygen lance for use in a float glass furnace and/or float glass furnace using the same
US9016094B2 (en) * 2013-01-16 2015-04-28 Guardian Industries Corp. Water cooled oxygen lance for use in a float glass furnace and/or float glass furnace using the same

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DE2112180B2 (en) 1981-02-19
DE2112180A1 (en) 1971-10-07
GB1348920A (en) 1974-03-27
CA947070A (en) 1974-05-14
FR2083329B1 (en) 1975-02-21
FR2083329A1 (en) 1971-12-17
DE2112180C3 (en) 1981-10-22

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