US3636801A - Rim-shot-sound-producing device for an electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Rim-shot-sound-producing device for an electronic musical instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
US3636801A
US3636801A US125637A US3636801DA US3636801A US 3636801 A US3636801 A US 3636801A US 125637 A US125637 A US 125637A US 3636801D A US3636801D A US 3636801DA US 3636801 A US3636801 A US 3636801A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
circuit
rim
percussive
producing device
sine wave
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US125637A
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English (en)
Inventor
Kiyoshi Ichikawa
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Gakki Co Ltd
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Nippon Gakki Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/02—Means for controlling the tone frequencies, e.g. attack or decay; Means for producing special musical effects, e.g. vibratos or glissandos
    • G10H1/06—Circuits for establishing the harmonic content of tones, or other arrangements for changing the tone colour
    • G10H1/14—Circuits for establishing the harmonic content of tones, or other arrangements for changing the tone colour during execution
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2250/00—Aspects of algorithms or signal processing methods without intrinsic musical character, yet specifically adapted for or used in electrophonic musical processing
    • G10H2250/315—Sound category-dependent sound synthesis processes [Gensound] for musical use; Sound category-specific synthesis-controlling parameters or control means therefor
    • G10H2250/435—Gensound percussion, i.e. generating or synthesising the sound of a percussion instrument; Control of specific aspects of percussion sounds, e.g. harmonics, under the influence of hitting force, hitting position, settings or striking instruments such as mallet, drumstick, brush or hand
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S84/00—Music
    • Y10S84/12—Side; rhythm and percussion devices

Definitions

  • bass drum cymbals, conga and bongos.
  • the snare drum included in the aforesaid percussion instruments there are sometimes-played likesounds. This is,-so to speak, a disgrace to an electronic musical instrument which is generallyvdeemed and strongly demanded to be essentially capable of producing sounds or tones as much resembling as possible those of all natural musical instruments.
  • the object of this invention toprovide a rim .shot sound producing device for an electronic'musical instrument thereby to enable said instrument more truthfullyto approach the tones or sounds playedby all natural instruments.
  • FIG. 1 represents a concrete circuit arrangement of a rim' shot soundproducing device according to an embodimentof this invention.
  • FIGS. 2A to 2C illustrate concrete output waveforms from.
  • FIG. 1 shows a concrete circuit arrangement of a rim shot sound producing device according to an embodiment of this invention which is capable of ,playingsounds closely resembling actual rim shots.
  • a DC source 11 (-12 volts) has ,oneof its paired terminals, for example, a positive terminal 11,, grounded.
  • a series resonance circuit 15 including a capacitor C, and an inductor L connected in series successively, through a normally open .key switch 12, a differentiation circuit 13 consisting of a capacitor C .and arresistorR and a rectifier 14 havinga diode D connected in the forward direction.
  • the differentiation circuit 13 isimpressed with the negative source voltage (l2 volts).
  • the negative source voltage L2 volts
  • the negative source'voltage is blocked by the charged capacitor C, and is not conducted to-the output side of the difi'erentiation circuit 13.
  • the difierentiated output voltage thus obtained from the .circuit ,13 is rectified-while passingzthrough the rectifier 14 and supplied to the series resonancecircuit 15. From the seriesresonance circuit 15, therefore, isgenerated a sine-lwave signal A, ,of a predetermined frequency havinga percussive envelope characteristic whose maximum amplitude section A, sharply (suddenly) rises atthemoment the switch l2 is closed and subsequently decays with time.
  • the seriesresonance circuit 15 therefore, isgenerated a sine-lwave signal A, ,of a predetermined frequency havinga percussive envelope characteristic whose maximum amplitude section A, sharply (suddenly) rises atthemoment the switch l2 is closed and subsequently decays with time.
  • the switch l2 sharply (suddenly) rises atthemoment the switch l2 is closed and subsequently decays with time.
  • the frequency of the sine wave signal A is detennined bythe capacitance of the capacitor C, and the inductance of the inductor L.
  • the envelope characteristics of the maximum amplitudesection A are determined by the damping period of the-series resonance circuit 15, that is, the magnitude of Q thereoftas well as by the time constant derived from the product of-the capacitance of the capacitor C,- and the resistance of the resistor R constitutingthe differential circuit 13.
  • the aboveexplained circuitproducinga .percussivesine-wave signal may be constructed otherwise accordingtothe known circuit technique.
  • Theresonance circuit maybe aparallel resonance circuit, too.
  • the present inventors experiments show thatthe rim shot sound generated from, for example, a snare .drum has a waveform which, mainly at the time-of rise, contains large amounts of odd order harmonics with respect to the fundamental frequency component of about 600 Hz. and sub- .sequentlydecays in about 20 :ms. in the form of a sound approachinga pure tone .havinga substantial sine wave.
  • the inventors experiments have also found that where it is desired to produce sounds resembling the rim shots of a snare drum using the aforesaid .circuitarrangement, it is preferred to set the-frequency of the series resonance circuit 15 at about 600 Hz. in advance and set the decaying period thereof to about 20 ms.
  • the time constant of :the difierentiation circuit 15 should preferably be set atabout 4014s.
  • a resistor R connected in parallel with the series resonance circuit 15 is a damping resistor'provided, if required, for proper control of the decayingperiod ofithe resonance circuit 15, that is, the
  • the output signal A, of FIG. 2A obtained from the series resonancecircuit 15 only consists of a substantial sine wave of about 600 :Hz. little containing harmonics from the time of rise to the extinction. Accordingly, said signal, as it is, will only produce sounds considerably different from the rim shots of the snare drum whose waveform should have the aforementionedcharacteristics.
  • this invention consists in conducting output signal A, from the series resonance circuit 15 having the waveform of FIG. ZAsuccessively through a coupling capaciconsisting of a capacitor C, and resistor R and cascade connected to the clipper 17.
  • the above-mentioned circuit arrangement of this invention causes the maximum amplitude peaks of the beginning portion of output signal A, from the resonance circuit to be clipped by the clipper 17 as shown in FIG. 28 after proper amplification by the amplifier 16, so that the clipped signal is substantially flattened at the peak section to be converted from a sine to a rectangular waveform.
  • the clipped signal A from the clipper 17 having a waveform shown in FIG. 2B is conducted through the differentiation circuit 18, then the beginning portion whose peak point has a maximum amplitude as described above is subjected to ordinary differentiation. Only this differentiated section of the clipped signal A is made to contain proper amounts of harmonics with respect to the fundamental wave of 600 Hz.
  • the nonclipped portion of the output signal A does not substantially undergo the aforementioned differentiation but is drawn out approximately in the form of a sine wave containing few harmonics, but in a smaller amplitude.
  • FIG. 2C shows an output waveform' A, from the differentiation circuit 18.
  • said output waveform A can practically produce sounds closely resembling the rim shots of the snare drum.
  • the transistor TR included in the amplifier 16 of FIG. 1 is an emitter follower type so as to have a sufficiently high input impedance which would not give a loading effect to the series resonance circuit l5.
  • circuit means for producing a percussive sine wave signal comprises a circuit producing a percussive pulse and a resonance circuit triggered by said percussive pulse.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
US125637A 1970-03-20 1971-03-18 Rim-shot-sound-producing device for an electronic musical instrument Expired - Lifetime US3636801A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP45023377A JPS501748B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-03-20 1970-03-20

Publications (1)

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US3636801A true US3636801A (en) 1972-01-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US125637A Expired - Lifetime US3636801A (en) 1970-03-20 1971-03-18 Rim-shot-sound-producing device for an electronic musical instrument

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US (1) US3636801A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS501748B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3940635A (en) * 1974-08-29 1976-02-24 D. H. Baldwin Company Self-damping circuit
US4037164A (en) * 1976-02-18 1977-07-19 Systron Donner Corporation Exponential decay wave form generator and method
US4175465A (en) * 1978-05-01 1979-11-27 Cbs Inc. Circuit for simulating string bass sound
US4181059A (en) * 1978-04-11 1980-01-01 Cbs Inc. Circuit for simulating sound of wire brush rotated around head of snare drum
US4198891A (en) * 1978-04-11 1980-04-22 Cbs Inc. Circuit for simulating sounds of percussive instruments
US4290334A (en) * 1980-07-22 1981-09-22 Justin Kramer Electronic wave sharing synthetic sound system
US5424488A (en) * 1993-06-07 1995-06-13 Aphex Systems, Ltd. Transient discriminate harmonics generator
US5962798A (en) * 1998-03-26 1999-10-05 Roland Meinl Musikinstrumente Gmbh & Co. Percussion instrument

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3940635A (en) * 1974-08-29 1976-02-24 D. H. Baldwin Company Self-damping circuit
US4037164A (en) * 1976-02-18 1977-07-19 Systron Donner Corporation Exponential decay wave form generator and method
US4181059A (en) * 1978-04-11 1980-01-01 Cbs Inc. Circuit for simulating sound of wire brush rotated around head of snare drum
US4198891A (en) * 1978-04-11 1980-04-22 Cbs Inc. Circuit for simulating sounds of percussive instruments
US4175465A (en) * 1978-05-01 1979-11-27 Cbs Inc. Circuit for simulating string bass sound
US4290334A (en) * 1980-07-22 1981-09-22 Justin Kramer Electronic wave sharing synthetic sound system
US5424488A (en) * 1993-06-07 1995-06-13 Aphex Systems, Ltd. Transient discriminate harmonics generator
US5962798A (en) * 1998-03-26 1999-10-05 Roland Meinl Musikinstrumente Gmbh & Co. Percussion instrument

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS501748B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-01-21

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