US363610A - Air-pressure apparatus for vapor-stoves and other purposes - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 M. E. DAYTON.

AIR PRESSURE APPARATUS EUR VAPOR STUVES AND OTHER PURPOSES.

No. 363,610; Patented May 24, 1887.

i l i r g f w- Q/ J a Z (No Model.)

. 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. M. E. DAYTON.

AIR PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR VAPOR STOVES AND ()THER PURPOSES.

Patented May 24 N. PETERS, Phowumo m hnr. Washington, D.G

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MELVILL'E E. DAYTON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

AIR-PRESSURE APPARATUS FOR VAPOR-STOVES AND OTHER PURPOSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 363,610, dated May 24,1887.

Application fileil St ptember 31, 1855. st'lial No. 177,637. (X0 model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, MELvILLE E. DAYTON, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air-Pressure Apparatus for Vapor-Stoves and other Purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a fnll,clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

Generally stated, this invention relates, primarily, to contractible air-chambers for vaporstoves and similar purposes, which airchambers are intended to be subject to a continuously-acting weight or equivalent force, and are therefore adapted to serve in producing a continuous and uniform pressure upon the liquid to be expelled from the liquid tank orreservoir. More particularly stated, it re lates, primarily, to that class of contractible air-chambers of the plunger order, which comprise telescoping cylinders as the means whereby an inclosed air-space is contracted and the air is forced therefrom into the Iiquidtank, whence the liquid or vapor is sought to be expelled.

Among the objects of this invention are,

' first, that of providing an improved construction in this class of contractible air-chambers,

, and, second, that of providing a compact and desirable arrangement of the contraetible airchamber with the liquid-tank of a hydrocarbon-vapor stove or analogous apparatus.

To these and other ends, that will more fully appear, the invention consists in the matters hereinafter set forth, and pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that my invention is not restricted to the precise details'of construction shown in that form of my invention which I have herein illustrated as what I now believe to be the best form in which it can be embodied. I

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a contractible air-chamber containing my improvement applied to a hydrocarbon vapor stove, in which the hydrocarbon-liquid tank is separate from the airchamber. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section of the contractible air-chamber shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective view detached of the rolling ring which is placed between the telescoping cylinders of the airpressure mechanism. Fig. 4tsho ws a straight piece of which the ring is preferably made. Fig. 5 is an elevation of the combined liquidta-nk and coir tractible air chamber or air-pressure mechanism applied to a vapor-stovc, the view being from the rear of the stove. Fig. 6 is a top view of the combined liquid-tank and airpressure mechanism shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a central vertical section of the combined liquid-tank and air-pressure mechanism in the line we of Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a detail section enlarged from Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a plan or top view of the matters shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is a detail construction which may with advantage be employed instead of that shown in Figs. 8 and 9. Fig. 11 is a detail shown in vertical section of the top plate through 3/ y of 7c Fig.6.

A is the frame of a vaporstove.

B is a hydrocarbon-liquid tank. At C G are vapor-burners, which are all here represented as of the self-generating order.

D is a pipe leading from the bottom or near the bottom of the liquid tank B, either diexcept by the passage provided therefor which leads to the liquid-tank. The ring G is necessarily ofsoft or compressible material, and is preferably made of rubber, either tubular or solid, in order that it may not slip or slide upon the dry and practically smooth surface of either ofthe cylinders with which it is in contact, but may, on the other hand,adhere to said surfaces, and be thereby caused to roll as the weighted cylinder descends or is raised. When free,said ring Gis seetionally cylindric, and is somewhat thicker than the width of the space 6, so that when in place between the cylinders it is compressed into ovoid sectional form, and exerts a resilient force upon the surfaces of the cylinders E and F, productive of sufficient friction to prevent its displace ment by thepressure of air beneath it, and to insure the rolling effect referred to.

The rolling ring G is conveniently put in place by placing it over the lower end of the cylinder F, and then forcing both into the upper end of the larger cylinder, E. Thus inserted, it is evident that the ring cannot descend more than half the length of the cylinder E, because when it has reached this point the inner cylinder will have reached the limit of its descent. Accordingly, the pipe or passage leading from the air-chamber to the airspace of the liquid-tank may be taken off either at the bottom or at any other point below the middle of the cylinder E, as well as through the plunger, and thence by a flexible tube to the top of the liquid-tank,

H is a removable ring inserted in or otherwise applied to the upper end of the cylinder E. It forms,essentially, an inwardly-directed flange about the top of said cylinder when continuous, and serves in this form both as a guide by which the weighted cylinder F will be kept vertical as it descends and also as a guard to exclude anything that might otherwise fall into. the space 0. Two parallel rings, G, will also obviously operate to keep the weighted cylinder substantially upright.

In Figs. 1 and2the liquid-tank B isastructure wholly separate from the air-pressure de vice described, and is connected therewith by an exposed pipe, I, leading from the bottom of the air-chamber.

In Fig. 7 the liquid-tank B is shown as surrounding the cylinder E and as communicating with the air-space within the latter by a side passage, e, and pipe I.

In the combined liquid-tank and air-chamber shown in Fig. 7, (a fragment of the cap of which is shown in Fig. 8,) I prefer to employ an annular cast-metal top plate, J, as ameans of tightly closing the top of the liquid-tank thus formed between the cylinders E and D, and in this casting to provide the necessary inlet-opening and threaded passages for the pipe or pipes which lead to the burner or burners.

J is a screwthreaded opening, through which the liquid is supplied to the tank, and is desirably formed in a depending boss in order that the tank may not be conveniently filled quite to the top.

The air-pipe I is shown in Figs. 7 and 8 as in open communication at its top with the interior of' the liquid-tank, and as rising above" der any circumstances I have also in the construction shown in said Figs. 7 and 8 provided for the extension of the pipe I above the level of the overflow-point j at the inlet. This is done by forming a short vertical tube or re cess, J", in the top plate, J, somewhat larger interiorlythan the pipe I, and within which said pipe I terminates at the required height with respect to said overflow-point j and below the top of the tube J". The air expelled from the air-chamber through the tube 1 finds free ingress to the space above the liquid in the tank B over and about the top of said pipe. 1 is avalve,shown as consisting ofa flat disk of metal or leather fitted loosely within the tube J" and resting (when the apparatus is not in action) on the top of the pipe I. This valve serves to close the pipe I wholly or sufficiently when the air-chamber is being recharged, and to keep up the pressure of air in the liquid-tank B during such brief operation of recharging. To keep the pipe I in place centrally within the tube J", a notched or serrated disk, 1, may be attached to the tube or to the pipe at a point within the tube, If this form of check-valve is employed, it may, if preferred, be provided with a light shank, I, of wire, depending within the tube to assist in keeping the valve horizontal and in place. Such a valve and depending shank applied to the open top of a pipe is not new with me. The top of the tube J is closed by a cap, J, which is preferably a disk of tin soldered in place, instead of being screwed onthe tube, because there is never a need for re moving it, except the valve shall become dcranged. This cap may, as shown, form a stop limiting the upward movement of the valve under sudden or extreme pressure in the airchamber, and preventing its getting out of working position.

In Fig. 10 the tube J is made double or with two holes, jj, leading downwardly from a common chamber, recess, or passage, j, over which the cap J is placed. In one of these holes, as j, the upper end of the pipe I is tightly fitted or packed,and the valve l,or any other desired form of valve, is applied to the open top of the pipe I, as previously described. The air which rises through the pipe I into the chamber or recess j passes thence down into the liquid-tank through the other hole, j If necessary or desirable to the carbureting of the air, the pipe 1' may be in serted in the hole j and lead to a point near the bottom of the liquid-tank. The air will thus be forced through a body of liquid bydrocarbon before entering the airspace at the top of the liquid-tank, and will thereby be carbureted to the desired point of inflammability. The bottom of the recess j is desirably above the level of the overflow-point j, for the same reason stated concerning the pipe I in Figs. 7 and 8.

In Figs. 5, 6, and 11 two pipes are shown as leading from the liq uid-tankone, D, for the conveyance of liquid to the generator or burner, and a second pipe, D for carbureted air to be used (if at all) in initially heating the generator or generators by auxiliary burners O 0. Both these pipes, as shown in said Figs. 5, 6, and 11, may passthrough a boss or bosses, J, on the cap-plate .I, the former leading to a point near the bottom of the tank B, and the latter terminating at the top of said tank, as shown in Fig. 5.

K is avalved pipe, giving air'passage through the cylinder or plunger F, to enable the airchamber to be recharged from time to time. L is a handle at the upper end of this tube, by which the weighted plunger may be conveniently lifted. This handle is preferably con.- trivcd to open and close a valve applied to the pipe K by a relative movement of the handle on a vertical axis, so that the Valve may be opened preparatory to raising the plunger, the plunger may then be raised, and finally may be held up while the valve is closed, all with one hand. As one suitable construction for this purpose, M, Fig. 7, is a conical valveplug having a threaded shank, m, which enters the pipe-coupling K. The plug M has a vertical recess, m, continuous with the passage of the pipe K, and also a lateral passage, m, leading from said recess m. The handle Lin this construction is provided with a sleeve, L, which is ground to fit the plug M, and which is provided with a lateral passage, a, properly located to allow of its being brought into coincidence with the passage m. A packingring or gasket, n, is desirably inserted between the sleeve L and the coupling K, and a square projection, in", on the top of the plug enables the latter to be run down tight. The operation of this form of handle-valve is obvious. \Vhen it is desired to lift the plunger, the handle will be seized and first turned to bring the passages n and on into coincidence with each other. The plunger is then lifted,and while the hand still upholds the plunger, it turns the handle back into position to close the passage 0 m, whereupon the handle is released. A suitable stop is shown at m, to limit the rotative throw of the sleeve L on the plug M.

In Figs. 1 and 2 an ordinary plug-valve is shown independent ofthe handle L, and which will be required to be closed by one hand, while the plunger is upheld by the other.

For use in connection with a vapor-stove the flame of which is extremely sensitive to variation in pressure and requires to be as steady as possible, I prefer to make the rolling ring G with the same quantity of material upon one side as upon the other, though it will of course be compressed on whichever side happens for the time being to be the inner side and expanded on the outer side. This may be done in one way by making the ring of an originally straight piece of rubber cylinder and giving it the continuous or angular form by bringing together and uniting the ends thereof. Thus constructed, the ring has no pronounced tendency to turn into one position, as to some extent true in the case of a ring originally molded in annular form, and it opposes the rolling movement required of it about equally at all points in the descent of the movable cylinder.

In a domestic vapor-stow I have found that a ring, G, of rubber one-fourth of an inch in thickness, working in a space, e, only slightly less in width, say three-sixteenths of an inch wide, and upon the dry and practically smooth surfaces of the cylinders, operates with perfect success.

As represented in the drawings, a considerable constant weight is provided in the cylinder or plunger E. It is not material how this is applied. In Fig. 2 it is shown as consisting ofa body of sand within the plunger, and in Fig. 7 it consists of a hollow casting surrounded by thesheet-metal cylinder F, which gives the desired smoothness of surface without the cost of turning off the castings.

I? P are subsidiary and removable iron weights, slotted inward from one side to fit around the pipe K like scale-weights. These may be used temporarily when a greater than usual or minimum pressure of air is required on the liquid-tank.

m I am acquainted with the matters set forth in Letters Patent No. 347,161, granted August 10, 1886, to Samuel Daniels. 1 am also aware that it has been proposed to employ in a waterpump a rolling rubber ring between two cir cumferentiall y-corru gated cylinders, the corrugations on the cylinders being for the purpose of preventing the ring from slipping upon the wet surfaces of said cylinders. This is not my invention.

I desire it to be understood that such modifications of the devices described and pointed out in the claims as shall attain one or more, but less than all, of the advantages or results herein set forth are not to be therefore regarded as a departure from my invention.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, with a tank or reservoir from which a liquid is to be expelled, of a contractible air-chamber communicating with the tank, and comprising two telescopic cylinders having a space between them, and having dry and practically smooth adjacent surfaces, a yielding ring in said space, which ring is normally cylindric and thicker than the width of said space, said ring being adapted to adhere to the dry smooth surfaces of the cylinders when compressed between them, and a weight applied to the movable cylinder, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with two telescoping cylinders having a space between them, one of said cylinders being movable, of a rolling ring of yielding material occupying said space, which ring is normally cylindric in section and thicker than the width of said space, and which in its annul'ar form has its material compressed on its inner side and expanded on its outer side, whereby it opposes a more uniform resistance to the movement of the movable cylinder, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with two closed and telescoping cylinders having a space between them occupied by a rolling ring, one of said cylinders being weighted and the whole forming'an automaticallycontractible air-chamber having inlet and outlet passages, of a guide which preserves substantial coincidence of the axes of the two cylinders, substantially as described.

4. Thecombination, with the two closed and telescoping cylinders having a space between them occupied by a rolling ring, one of said cylinders being weighted, and the whole forming an automatically-contractible air-chamber having inlet and outlet passages, of a guide on one of the cylinders which proximatcs the other cylinder, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the burner or burners and the liquid tank of ahydrocarbonvapor stovc,ofan automatic air-pressure chamher having a valved air inlet and an outlet communicating with said liquid-tank, said airchamberbeing composed of two upright closed telescoping cylinders having a space between them occupied by a laterally-compressed sectionally cylindric ring ofrubber or similar material, adapted to adhere to the dry surfaces of the cylinders, and the movable one of said cylinders being weighted, whereby the air is expelled from the chamber to the liquid-tank by a constant force acting uniformly and prod ucing a steady flame at the burners, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the stationary and movable parts of a contraetible air-chamber having an outlet-passage, of an air-inlet passage through the movable part, provided with a valve which is rotatable on a vertical axis, and a lifting-handle connected with said valve, whereby the same hand which lifts the movable part of the air-chamber may open and close the valve by lateral rotation ofthe hand, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with an air-chamber, means for pressing the air therefrom, and a liquid-chamber communicating with the airchamber, of a top plate on the liquid-chamber, provided with afilling-orifice, and also provided with a recess opening into the interior of theliquid-chamber, and an air-pipe leading from the air-chamber and terminating in said recess above the level of the lower end of the filling-orifice, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with an air-chamber, means for pressing the air therefrom, and a liquid-chamber communicating with the airchamber, of a top plate on the liquid-chamber, provided with a filling-orifice, and also pro vided with a recess which opens into the inte rior of the liquid-chamber, and an air-pipe leading from the air-chamber and terminating in said recess above the level of the overflowpoint of the tilling-orilice, substantially as described.

' 9. The combination, with aliqnid-tank having a top plate provided with a recess having a downwardly-directed opening, of an induction airpipe which opens upwardly into said recess, an automatic check-valve applied to the upper end of said air-pipe, and an externally accessible and removable cap which closes the top of said recess, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MELVILLE n. DAYTON.

Witnesses:

O. CLARENCE PooLE, CHAS. H. MANNING.

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