US43770A - Improvement in apparatus for forcing water by pneumatic pressure - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN I. GRUBER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FOR FORCING WATER BY PNEUMATIC PRESSURE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 43,770, dated August 9, 1864.

T0 all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN P. GRUBER, of New York city, county and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Water-Works for Supplying Houses or Fountains with Water 5 and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof', reference being'had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this speciiication, in which- Fignre lis a side elevation of my apparatus arranged with one water reservoir. Fig. 2 is au end elevation of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the two reservoirs or chambers. Fig. 4 is a view in detail of the i11- d notion-passage which is applied to the Waterehamber of Figs. l, 2, and 3. l

Similar letters of reference indicate corre spending parts in the several gures.

The object of my invention is to obtain an apparatus by means of which condensed air can be practically and conveniently employed, either upon a large or a small scale, for the purpose of forcing water or other liquid to elevated points, as will be hereinafter described. v .A f

The nature of my invention consists in an apparatus which is composed, essentially, of an air-vessel for containing condensed air, an air engine for condensing air, a liquid vessel for containing the liquid to be acted upon by the condensed air, and a valve applied to the latter vessel, which opens inward and admits ofthe introduction o t' liquid into the said vessel when the pressure ofthe condensed air is cut off-removed.

My invention also consists in providing the liquid-receiver of an apparatus, which will be hereinafter described, with means whereby liquid, can be forced or introduced, when desired, into said receiver, whether the pressure in the same be removed or not.

My inventionfurther consists in a valve 'which is so constructed and applied to the liqnidvessel of a forcing apparatus or fou'nt ain 7 that this valve can be made to operate automatically, and thus allow said vessel to be refilled at pleasure in localities where itmight not always be desirable or convenient for a person to get at it, all as will be hereinafter described.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will describe one method of carrying it into effect.

In the accompanying drawings, Arepresen/ts a condensing-pum p, which is constructed with a solid piston and a valve opening upward in its bottom for the entrance of air into the pump when the piston is drawn up. This air pump or condensing engine may be constructed in any other suitable manner, either as a single-actin g engine or a double-actin g engine, and it may bev worked by manual power or operated by other engines. At or near the bottom of the condensing-pump is a pipe, B, which -leads into a strong reservoir, G, which should be made airtight, so that it will retain within it, when desired, the air which is supplied by the pump A. This reservoir, which is to. contain highly-condensed air, should be constructed in such manner that it will safely contain all the air which can -be forced into it by the pump A, and, it' desired, asat'ety-valve may be applied to it, by which the amountfof pressure can be readily ascertained.

From the reservoir O one or more pipes, D, lead ott' to water-reservoirs, one of which,

E, is represented in Figs. l and 3. The reservoir E is also made very strong and airtight, and it may be made ot' any suitable capacity, governed, however, to some extent, by the size of the air-reservoir. It maybe placed within a well or cisteru and at any desired distance from the vessel O, which contains the condensed air. The water, or whatever liquid it is desired to force out of the reservoir E by the pressure ot' air above it, is introduced through a perforated tube, a, in the top of' this reservoir, which tube receives through it the stem b of a valve, c, that opens downward or into the reservoir. Theupperend of the valvestem b has a head formed on it or attached to it, to the upper end of which a chain, e, is hooked, and this chain being connected to the short arm of a lever, G, and the other end loaded by a weight, G', it will be seen that the tubular passage a can be effectually closed by the valve e, and kept closed until it is desired to supply the reservoir with water again, when the chain is disconnected from the valvestem, and the feed-pipe attached to the tube a and water forced through it.

Instead of disconnecting the chain from the valve-stem, as'now proposed, the long arm of the lever G maybe raised, which will produce thc same effect. This may be done by conlrivances so constructed and operated as to obviate the necessity of approaching the reservoir E. It is necessary to shut off the communication D when the valve c is opened, othv erwise the air from the reservoir Gwill escape through the tube a, and some difficulty would be experienced in getting water through the tube a. A stop cock, C', will serve the above purpose, applied as represented in Figs. l land 3, and, if desirable, another stop-cock, B', may be applied to the pipe B, leading from the base of the air-pump into the air-chamber, for preventing the air from this chamber escaping through the joints of the pump. The short pipe J, which is represented in Fig. 3, leading from a point near the bottom of the water-reservoir through its top, is the eduction-pipe for the water which is forced out of this reservoir, and to the outer end of said "pipe a flexible hose may be attached, oran inflexible pipe leading off to a point or points wherever it is desired to conduct the Water. The ilow of water through these branch or service pipes may be checked at pleasure by means of cocks.

By means of the apparatus whichI have above described several thousand pounds pressure can always be kept in reserve for immediate use when required, and by means of the condensing-pump the pressure can be kept up to a maximum point.

lt is not intended by my invention to keep the pump in operation during the opera-tion of drawing water from the reservoirs, although this may be done, if desired, for I propose to force a sufficient quantity of air into the air-- receiver to force out all the water or other liquid contained in the Water receiver or receivers, whatever may be the number employed; and should it be found desirable to use a number of air receivers, this may be done by connectin g each one with the'reservoir of water by means of pipes, and the combined pressure of air in all or any one of such receivers can be caused to act upon the Water in the reservoir as occasion may require.

The valve c, which I have fully described,

opens downward, or toward the inside of they liquid-receiver, for the purpose of allowing liquid to be introduced into the vessel E Vthrough the opening this valve is intended to close, and at the same time preventing either theliquid or the air from escaping at said point. It will be seen that the head or shoulder b of the valve-stem b will prevent the valve c from falling very far below its seat when the pressure of air is taken off the liquid in vessel E, and when the condensed air is again let into this vessel the pressure will force thevvalve c to its seat and keep it there. simply discharging condensed air into vessel E, or removing the pressure inside of the same, I am enabled to elevate water from the bottom of a well by submerging the vessel E As this valve will thus operate by in the water of the well and locating the vesp sel C at any convenient point where the valve C can be readily got at and air forced into this latter vessel by means of a condensingpump. Now, by closing the valve U so as to allow water to run into the vessel E, as above described, this watercan be forced out of said vesselby opening the valve C again, and by this is not the case, a lloat may be attached to l it by a stem from below, so that as the reservoir fills with water the buoyancy of this float may raise the valve to its seat, where it will Vafterward be retained by the pressure of the air from within until the stop-cock C is again closed, and the air withinv the reservoir E is allowed to escape, so as to be ,relieved from the extraordinary pressure to which it has been subjected. Other contrivances having a like effect may readily be substituted.

By unscrewing the cap to which the perferated 'tube a is fastened the interior of the vessel E can be got at for cleaning it out.

In carrying out my invention it will benecessary to provide some means for allowing the condensed air in the liquid-vessel to` escape when the communication with thew condensedair vessel is closed, and for vthis purpose the cock which is applied 'to the pipe J may be opened, or a second cock may be applied to the pipe D for this purpose.

What l claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is e l. In a fountain which is to be operated by the elastic pressure of condensed air, the arrangement herein described-that is to say, a reservoir containing the water or other liquid to be operated upon', so contrived that it may at pleasure be subjected to or relieved from the elastic pressure of condensed air, in combination with a valve so constructed and arranged that it shall automatically close when the pressure is applied and open when it is removed, substantially in the manner and for the purpose hercinbeforc set forth.

2. In a fountain which is to be operated by the elastic force of condensed air, so constructing the same that the valve through which the fluid is to be received into the reservoir shall be kept closed by the pressure ot' the air from within, and shall open automaticall-y when that pressure is removed, substantially in the manner and for the purposchereinbefore described.

Witness my hand in the matter of my ap! plication for a patent for a new and useful unprovement 1n water-works for supplying buildings, Src., with water.

JOHN P. GRUBER.

' Witnesses: v

,CHARLES KLoMANN,

E. SCH/mnu.

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